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A Comparison Between Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing Wet And Active Biomonitoring Abm As Indicators Of In Stream Aquatic Health
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Book Synopsis A Comparison Between Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing (wet) and Active Biomonitoring (abm) as Indicators of in Stream Aquatic Health by : Fungayi Primrose Chatiza
Download or read book A Comparison Between Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing (wet) and Active Biomonitoring (abm) as Indicators of in Stream Aquatic Health written by Fungayi Primrose Chatiza and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of WET Testing as an Indicator of Aquatic Health in Effluent-Dominated Streams by : Jerome M. Diamond
Download or read book Evaluation of WET Testing as an Indicator of Aquatic Health in Effluent-Dominated Streams written by Jerome M. Diamond and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project evaluated the quality of data needed to determine relationships between chronic Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) test results and in-stream biological condition. A data quality objectives approach was used, which included several proposed measurement quality objectives (MQOs) that specified desired precision, bias, and sensitivity of methods used. Six facilities (four eastern and two western U.S.) participated in this study, all having design effluent concentrations > 60% of the stream flow. In accordance with a Quality Assurance Project Plan most of the facilities completed four quarters of chronic Ceriodaphnia dubia, and Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) WET tests, and three quarters of Selenastrum capricornutum (green algae) WET testing following the most recent USEPA methods. Several other WET tests were conducted to address MQOs including splits, duplicates, and blind positive and negative controls. Macroinvertebrate, fish, and periphyton bioassessments were conducted at multiple locations up and downstream of each facility following the most recent USEPA Office of Water bioassessment protocols. Test acceptance criteria were met for most WET tests, however, this study demonstrated the need to incorporate other MQOs in a full study (such as minimum and maximum percent significant differences and performance on blind samples) to ensure accurate interpretation of effluent toxicity. More false positives, lower test endpoint (i.e., higher toxicity), and more "failed" (non-compliant) tests were observed using No Observed Effect Concentrations (NOEC) as compared to IC25s (concentration causing >= 25% decrease in organism response compared to controls). Algae tests often yielded the most effluent toxicity in this study, however, this test was most susceptible to false positives and high inter-laboratory variability. WET test results exhibited few relationships with bioassessment results, even when incorporating actual effluent dilution. Neither frequency of WET non-compliance nor magnitude of WET were clearly related to differences in biological condition up and downstream of a discharge for the most part. Macroinvertebrate assessments were most able to discriminate small changes downstream of the effluent, followed by periphyton and then fish. The sampling methods used were robust but a full study should collect more field replicates up and downstream of each discharge to increase detection power. Macroinvertebrate and periphyton assessments together appeared to be sufficient to address project objectives. Fish assessments could be useful as well but would entail more effort and cost per site than expended in this project, to be useful.
Book Synopsis Update On Aquatic Toxicity/Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Issues, 2005 by : Winona L. Specht
Download or read book Update On Aquatic Toxicity/Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Issues, 2005 written by Winona L. Specht and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes recent changes in the field of aquatic toxicity/Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) testing. There are been numerous legal challenges to the validity of WET testing, both at the federal and state levels, but to date, the regulators have prevailed and WET testing is used as a regulatory tool to ensure that the biota of receiving streams are protected. The most recent ruling at the federal level was on December 10, 2004, when a federal appeals court in the District of Columbia upheld the validity of WET testing. At the state level, at the urging of the South Carolina Manufacturers Alliance, the state legislature passed a law (the South Carolina Aquatic Life Protection Act) in 2004 that requires the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the WET test. As a result, SCDHEC removed WET test limits from several NPDES permits. EPA took issue with the impact of the legislation and SCDHEC's actions, and as a result, EPA has taken over several NPDES permits from SCDHEC and threatened to revoke the state's delegated NPDES permit program. A new Act was signed into law in March 2005, which does not exclude the use of chronic toxicity testing for regulatory compliance. As a result, EPA has turned over the issuance of NPDES permits back to SCDHEC. In December 2004, the U.S. EPA issued the Draft National WET Implementation Guidance document for review and comment. The guidance contains recommendations on the determination of ''reasonable potential'' for toxicity. The EPA's ECOTOX database is a valuable resource of toxicity data for many chemicals. For those cases in which there are no toxicity data or very limited data available, the EPA has developed two models, the Interspecies Correlation Estimation (ICE) and the Acute to Chronic Estimation (ACE), for predicting toxicity. Active areas of research include assessing the uptake of heavy metals via multiple routes of exposure, the development of risk-based criteria for persistent bioaccumulative toxicants, and the new field of computational toxicology, which utilizes modeling tools to predict toxic responses.
Book Synopsis Method guidance and recommendations for whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing (40 CFR Part 136) by :
Download or read book Method guidance and recommendations for whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing (40 CFR Part 136) written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biomonitoring for Control of Toxicity in Effluent Discharges to the Marine Environment by :
Download or read book Biomonitoring for Control of Toxicity in Effluent Discharges to the Marine Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis South African Journal of Science by :
Download or read book South African Journal of Science written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biomonitoring to Achieve Control of Toxic Effluents by :
Download or read book Biomonitoring to Achieve Control of Toxic Effluents written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria by : Washington (State). Department of Ecology. Water Quality Program
Download or read book Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria written by Washington (State). Department of Ecology. Water Quality Program and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technical support document for water qualitybased toxics control by :
Download or read book Technical support document for water qualitybased toxics control written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biomonitoring written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Methods for Measuring the Acute Toxicity of Effluents to Aquatic Organisms by : William Peltier
Download or read book Methods for Measuring the Acute Toxicity of Effluents to Aquatic Organisms written by William Peltier and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals by : National Research Council
Download or read book Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-11-30 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomonitoring—a method for measuring amounts of toxic chemicals in human tissues—is a valuable tool for studying potentially harmful environmental chemicals. Biomonitoring data have been used to confirm exposures to chemicals and validate public health policies. For example, population biomonitoring data showing high blood lead concentrations resulted in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) regulatory reduction of lead in gasoline; biomonitoring data confirmed a resultant drop in blood lead concentrations. Despite recent advances, the science needed to understand the implications of the biomonitoring data for human health is still in its nascent stages. Use of the data also raises communication and ethical challenges. In response to a congressional request, EPA asked the National Research Council to address those challenges in an independent study. Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals provides a framework for improving the use of biomonitoring data including developing and using biomarkers (measures of exposure), research to improve the interpretation of data, ways to communicate findings to the public, and a review of ethical issues.
Book Synopsis Regions Nine and Ten Guidance for Implementing Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing Programs by : Madonna Narvaez
Download or read book Regions Nine and Ten Guidance for Implementing Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing Programs written by Madonna Narvaez and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Regions 9 and 10, have developed draft guidance for implementing whole effluent toxicity (WET) programs. This guidance incorporates information on WET requirements from supporting EPA documents ... and the EPA toxicity test method manuals, in order to provide a single concise document ... [T]his document includes input from States as well as the regulated community on some non-policy issues. This interim guidance also incorporates many comments from States, EPA Headquarters, and other EPA regions ..."--Executive Summary, p. ES-1.
Book Synopsis Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms by :
Download or read book Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria by : Randall Marshall
Download or read book Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria written by Randall Marshall and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Method Guidance and Recommendations for Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Testing (40 CFR Part 136). by :
Download or read book Method Guidance and Recommendations for Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Testing (40 CFR Part 136). written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) by : Randall Marshall
Download or read book Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) written by Randall Marshall and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
