A Closer Look At Toefl Speaking Assessment Test A Guide To Teaching Toefl Ibt Speaking

Download A Closer Look At Toefl Speaking Assessment Test A Guide To Teaching Toefl Ibt Speaking full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online A Closer Look At Toefl Speaking Assessment Test A Guide To Teaching Toefl Ibt Speaking ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

A Closer Look at TOEFL Speaking Assessment Test: A Guide to Teaching TOEFL IBT Speaking

Author : Glen Ryan Alejandro
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (114 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis A Closer Look at TOEFL Speaking Assessment Test: A Guide to Teaching TOEFL IBT Speaking by : Glen Ryan Alejandro

Download or read book A Closer Look at TOEFL Speaking Assessment Test: A Guide to Teaching TOEFL IBT Speaking written by Glen Ryan Alejandro and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lack of reliable speaking learning materials has been a problem of some non-native English speakers who are preparing for the TOEFL iBT Test (Test of English as a Foreign Language Internet-Based Test) and who are struggling most with the speaking section of said standardized test. Consequently, the lack of these reliable resources has been the main concern of TOEFL iBT speaking instructors whose main goal is to help meet the needs of these struggling students. As a result, many non-native English speakers who are preparing for the speaking section of the TOEFL iBT Test are not able to meet their desired speaking score that can be used either for US university admission or US state board licensure. A Closer Look at TOEFL Speaking Assessment Test: A Guide to Teaching TOEFL iBT Speaking is a collection of fun and engaging classroom-based TOEFL iBT speaking activities which has the main purpose of helping those non-native English speakers succeed in the speaking section of the TOEFL iBT Test. Also, this guide is for both novice and experienced instructors who are looking for reliable lessons that they could use to supplement their existing TOEFL iBT speaking textbooks and materials used in class. The speaking activities in this project target each speaking dimension, namely, delivery, language use, and topic development, which ETS (Educational Testing Service) TOEFL iBT speaking raters use to score the actual speaking responses of test takers. Also, this project contains a speaking activity that focuses on helping students overcome their computer-based speaking test anxiety. The materials in this project were developed based on Communicative Language Teaching.

TOEFL IBT Preparation Book

Author : Test Prep Books
Publisher : Test Prep Books
ISBN 13 : 9781628452310
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (523 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis TOEFL IBT Preparation Book by : Test Prep Books

Download or read book TOEFL IBT Preparation Book written by Test Prep Books and published by Test Prep Books. This book was released on 2017-04 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Test Prep Book's TOEFL iBT Preparation Book: Test Prep for Reading, Listening, Speaking, & Writing on the Test of English as a Foreign Language Developed by Test Prep Books for test takers trying to achieve a passing score on the TOEFL exam, this comprehensive study guide includes: -Quick Overview -Test-Taking Strategies -Introduction -Reading -Listening -Speaking -Writing -Practice Questions -Detailed Answer Explanations Disclaimer: TOEFL(R), TOEFLiBT(R) and ETS(R) are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing System, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product. Each section of the test has a comprehensive review created by Test Prep Books that goes into detail to cover all of the content likely to appear on the iBT TOEFL test. The Test Prep Books TOEFL iBT practice test questions are each followed by detailed answer explanations. If you miss a question, it's important that you are able to understand the nature of your mistake and how to avoid making it again in the future. The answer explanations will help you to learn from your mistakes and overcome them. Understanding the latest test-taking strategies is essential to preparing you for what you will expect on the exam. A test taker has to not only understand the material that is being covered on the test, but also must be familiar with the strategies that are necessary to properly utilize the time provided and get through the test without making any avoidable errors. Test Prep Books has drilled down the top test-taking tips for you to know. Anyone planning to take this exam should take advantage of the TOEFL review material, practice test questions, and test-taking strategies contained in this Test Prep Books study guide.

Automated Speaking Assessment

Author : Klaus Zechner
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351676113
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Automated Speaking Assessment by : Klaus Zechner

Download or read book Automated Speaking Assessment written by Klaus Zechner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automated Speaking Assessment: Using Language Technologies to Score Spontaneous Speech provides a thorough overview of state-of-the-art automated speech scoring technology as it is currently used at Educational Testing Service (ETS). Its main focus is related to the automated scoring of spontaneous speech elicited by TOEFL iBT Speaking section items, but other applications of speech scoring, such as for more predictable spoken responses or responses provided in a dialogic setting, are also discussed. The book begins with an in-depth overview of the nascent field of automated speech scoring—its history, applications, and challenges—followed by a discussion of psychometric considerations for automated speech scoring. The second and third parts discuss the integral main components of an automated speech scoring system as well as the different types of automatically generated measures extracted by the system features related to evaluate the speaking construct of communicative competence as measured defined by the TOEFL iBT Speaking assessment. Finally, the last part of the book touches on more recent developments, such as providing more detailed feedback on test takers’ spoken responses using speech features and scoring of dialogic speech. It concludes with a discussion, summary, and outlook on future developments in this area. Written with minimal technical details for the benefit of non-experts, this book is an ideal resource for graduate students in courses on Language Testing and Assessment as well as teachers and researchers in applied linguistics.

Mastering the NEW TOEFL IBT 2020 - Speaking Section

Author : William Hearn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (146 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Mastering the NEW TOEFL IBT 2020 - Speaking Section by : William Hearn

Download or read book Mastering the NEW TOEFL IBT 2020 - Speaking Section written by William Hearn and published by . This book was released on 2020-02-16 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mastering the "New" TOEFL iBT 2020 - Speaking" is written in easy to understand American English so that ELL students with both intermediate and advanced skills can easily raise their TOEFL iBT score to over 100 points. The TOEFL iBT may be much easier than you think, and this guide helps you to make it easy! Did you know that you may speak English perfectly but, if you don't follow the ETS RUBRIC (rules), you will get a low score on your TOEFL Speaking Section? In this guide book, you will become familiar with the topics and their structure, learn how to take specific notes that you need to respond, and how to structure your responses to earn a score of 30 on the Speaking Section. This way, you don't have to understand everything being said. Once you know what notes to take and how to structure your responses according to the RUBRIC, you will be able to respond correctly and earn a high score. This guide also has a chapter that explains how to UNDERSTAND THE CORE MEANING OF SENTENCESand INCLUDES AN ENGLISH GRAMMAR SECTION!! In short, the "Mastering the "New" TOEFL iBT 2020 - Speaking Section" guide teaches all the little things that you need to know to answer questions quickly and accurately using the structures and rules the test is created with. "Mastering the NEW TOEFL iBT 2020 - Speaking Section" was designed to be used as a companion to "The Official Guide to the TOEFL Test With CD-ROM, 5th Edition" by ETS and/or "Official TOEFL iBT Tests" with Audio by ETS (Also available on Amazon.com) * TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of ETS (Educational Testing Service) by whom we are neither affiliated nor endorsed.

The TOEFL Master's Guide: Speaking Section Precise Test Preparation Methods Fast Track Edition

Author : Maria E. Gonzales
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781980621263
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (212 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The TOEFL Master's Guide: Speaking Section Precise Test Preparation Methods Fast Track Edition by : Maria E. Gonzales

Download or read book The TOEFL Master's Guide: Speaking Section Precise Test Preparation Methods Fast Track Edition written by Maria E. Gonzales and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The TOEFL Master's Guide: Speaking Section is written in direct, easy to understand American English and is designed to help students earn high scores EVEN IF THEIR ENGLISH SPEAKING ABILITIES ARE LIMITED!!To earn a high score on the TOEFL Speaking section, you must know how to structure your responses in the way the judges are going to score them. In other words, you may speak English perfectly, but if you don't structure your responses according to the TOEFL rubric (rules), you will not earn a high score. The TOEFL Master's Guide teaches precisely the six types of questions that you will be asked, how to take notes to structure your responses for each of those six questions, and exactly how to practice speaking so that you can score a perfect 30 on your TOEFL iBT Speaking Section!In this book you will find:- Specific descriptions of each question type.- An easy to understand guide to the rubric (rules).- Methods for note taking.- Examples of questions followed by sample responses.- Easy to follow tips on how to structure your responses to earn high scores.- Instruction on how to take notes and how to use them to answer the questions.- How to deal with an accent while earning a high score.- A chapter on Basic English Grammar- A guide to SuccessPLEASE LEAVE A CUSTOMER REVIEW!!TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Services (ETS) of which we are neither affiliated nor endorsed.

Official Guide to the TOEFL Test, 4th Edition

Author : Educational Testing Service
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 007176657X
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (717 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Official Guide to the TOEFL Test, 4th Edition by : Educational Testing Service

Download or read book Official Guide to the TOEFL Test, 4th Edition written by Educational Testing Service and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2012-08-29 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The one and only bestselling official guide to the TOEFL, from the makers of the test! Now expanded with a third actual TOEFL exam This Official Guide to the TOEFL Test is the best, most reliable guide to the test that is used around the world to assess foreign applicants to U.S. and Canadian universities for English proficiency. It includes real TOEFL questions for practice, as well as explanations of every section of the test and information on what is expected for every speaking and writing task. You will learn how to construct a good answer and how to integrate speaking, listening, and writing skills to demonstrate college-level English proficiency. Inside you'll find: 600 real TOEFL questions from the test-makers Strategies for success

TOEFL IBT Secrets Study Guide

Author : Mometrix English Language Proficiency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781516711642
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (116 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis TOEFL IBT Secrets Study Guide by : Mometrix English Language Proficiency

Download or read book TOEFL IBT Secrets Study Guide written by Mometrix English Language Proficiency and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mometrix Test Preparation's TOEFL iBT Secrets Study Guide is the ideal prep solution for anyone who wants to pass their Test Of English as a Foreign Language. The exam is extremely challenging, and thorough test preparation is essential for success. Our study guide includes: Practice test questions with detailed answer explanations Step-by-step video tutorials to help you master difficult concepts Tips and strategies to help you get your best test performance A complete review of all TOEFL test sections Reading Listening Speaking Writing Mometrix Test Preparation is not affiliated with or endorsed by any official testing organization. All organizational and test names are trademarks of their respective owners. The Mometrix guide is filled with the critical information you will need in order to do well on your TOEFL exam: the concepts, procedures, principles, and vocabulary that the Educational Testing Service (ETS) expects you to have mastered before sitting for your exam. The Reading section covers: Reading comprehension Evaluating a passage Responding to a passage Building a vocabulary The Listening section covers: Listening skills Listening for content Listening for comprehension The Speaking section covers: Tips for the speaking section Preparing to speak Telling a story The Writing section covers: Tips for the writing section The writing process Punctuation ...and much more Our guide is full of specific and detailed information that will be key to passing your exam. Concepts and principles aren't simply named or described in passing, but are explained in detail. The Mometrix TOEFL study guide is laid out in a logical and organized fashion so that one section naturally flows from the one preceding it. Because it's written with an eye for both technical accuracy and accessibility, you will not have to worry about getting lost in dense academic language. Any test prep guide is only as good as its practice questions and answer explanations, and that's another area where our guide stands out. The Mometrix test prep team has provided plenty of TOEFL practice test questions to prepare you for what to expect on the actual exam. Each answer is explained in depth, in order to make the principles and reasoning behind it crystal clear. Many concepts include links to online review videos where you can watch our instructors break down the topics so the material can be quickly grasped. Examples are worked step-by-step so you see exactly what to do. We've helped hundreds of thousands of people pass standardized tests and achieve their education and career goals. We've done this by setting high standards for Mometrix Test Preparation guides, and our TOEFL iBT Secrets Study Guide is no exception. It's an excellent investment in your future. Get the TOEFL review you need to be successful on your exam.

Cracking the TOEFL IBT

Author : Douglas Pierce
Publisher : Princeton Review
ISBN 13 : 030794560X
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (79 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Cracking the TOEFL IBT by : Douglas Pierce

Download or read book Cracking the TOEFL IBT written by Douglas Pierce and published by Princeton Review. This book was released on 2013 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers drill questions, listening exercises, and a full-length simulated TOEFL exam.

How to Teach the TOEFL IBT Speaking Test

Author : Rob Howard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781520681887
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (818 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis How to Teach the TOEFL IBT Speaking Test by : Rob Howard

Download or read book How to Teach the TOEFL IBT Speaking Test written by Rob Howard and published by . This book was released on 2017-02-23 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a guide for use in beating the TOEFL� iBT speaking test. It is a quick and easy method that I developed eight years ago and is still getting results for test-takers in the range of 28 to 30 out of 30. With only a few weeks of practice, you too can achieve a high score.

TOEFL Preparation Book 2022-2023

Author : Simon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781637980743
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (87 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis TOEFL Preparation Book 2022-2023 by : Simon

Download or read book TOEFL Preparation Book 2022-2023 written by Simon and published by . This book was released on 2022-02-10 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing our TOEFL Preparation Book 2022-2023: Study Guide with Practice Test Questions (Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing) for the TOEFL iBT Exam! Trivium Test Prep's TOEFL Preparation Book 2022-2023 includes everything you need to pass the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) the first time. Quick review of the concepts covered on the TOEFL exam TWO FULL practice tests with detailed answer explanations Tips and tricks from experienced educators Trivium Test Prep's TOEFL Preparation Book 2022-2023 is aligned with the official TOEFL exam framework. Topics covered include: Reading Listening and Speaking Writing ETS was not involved in the creation or production of this product, is not in any way affiliated with Trivium Test Prep, and does not sponsor or endorse this product. About Trivium Test Prep At Trivium Test Prep, we understand that students need high quality, reliable test prep materials. Our test prep materials are developed by credentialed experts with years of experience who are excited to share their knowledge with you. We have resources available to assist in every step of your education - from high school, to college or the military, and even graduate school - everything you need to kickstart your career

The Official Guide to the New TOEFL iBT

Author : Educational Testing Service
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071621199
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (716 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Official Guide to the New TOEFL iBT by : Educational Testing Service

Download or read book The Official Guide to the New TOEFL iBT written by Educational Testing Service and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2008-07-23 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete all-in-one guide with sample tests and free website support Students practice integrating speaking, listening, and writing skills to demonstrate college-level English proficiency Follow-up to the bestselling Official Guide to the New TOEFL® iBT with audio CD 6,000 institutions in 100 countries, including virtually all colleges and universities in the U.S. and Canada, require foreign students to take this test, creating a market of more than 825,000 students annually Book includes more than 500 real TOEFL questions, as well as explanations of every section of the exam

McGraw-Hill Education TOEFL iBT with 3 Practice Tests

Author : Tim Collins
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071796207
Total Pages : 751 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (717 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis McGraw-Hill Education TOEFL iBT with 3 Practice Tests by : Tim Collins

Download or read book McGraw-Hill Education TOEFL iBT with 3 Practice Tests written by Tim Collins and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 751 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What you need to know to ace the TOEFL exam McGraw-Hill's TOEFL will help you reach the exam score you want. Inside you will find a full-scale test-prep program that combines book, interactive CD-ROM, and online audio to give you the most complete TOEFL instruction and practice available anywhere. Includes: 5 full-length practice tests, fully explained exercises, additional practice questions, and TOEFL-specific vocabulary features to accompany every lesson A PC- and Mac-compatible CD that features all 5 practice tests in interactive format, like the real exam, audio portions for all additional listening exercises, plus model speaking responses and record-and-playback function for student speaking responses Audio tracks for all listening questions in the book

Official Guide to the TOEFL Test with Downloadable Tests, Fifth Edition

Author : Educational Testing Service
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 1260011224
Total Pages : 772 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (6 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Official Guide to the TOEFL Test with Downloadable Tests, Fifth Edition by : Educational Testing Service

Download or read book Official Guide to the TOEFL Test with Downloadable Tests, Fifth Edition written by Educational Testing Service and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2017-11-17 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bestselling official guide to the TOEFL iBT® test, from ETS, the maker of the test! Now expanded with a fourth authentic TOEFL iBT practice test. The new Official Guide to the TOEFL® Test is the best, most reliable guide to the test that is used to meet English-language proficiency requirements at more than 10,000 institutions worldwide, including top universities in Australia, Canada, the U.K. and the U.S. This completely updated fifth edition includes real TOEFL test questions for practice, as well as explanations of all four sections of the test. The guide provides learners with information on how to integrate reading, listening, speaking and writing skills in order to construct effective answers that demonstrate university-level English proficiency. Inside you'll find: • Hundreds of authentic TOEFL test questions and essay topics from the test maker • Four authentic TOEFL iBT practice tests • Test-taking strategies to help you do your very best on the test

Skills for the TOEFL Ibt(r) Test: Listening and Speaking

Author : Louis Harrison
Publisher : Collins
ISBN 13 : 9780008695248
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (952 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Skills for the TOEFL Ibt(r) Test: Listening and Speaking by : Louis Harrison

Download or read book Skills for the TOEFL Ibt(r) Test: Listening and Speaking written by Louis Harrison and published by Collins. This book was released on 2024-03-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you feel overwhelmed by the complexity of TOEFL, Collins Skills for TOEFL iBT Test can help. This book helps you handle the integrated aspect of the tasks in the test, and give you tips and strategies for the different question types you will face.

Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT Test, Sixth Edition

Author : Educational Testing Service
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN 13 : 9781260470352
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (73 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT Test, Sixth Edition by : Educational Testing Service

Download or read book Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT Test, Sixth Edition written by Educational Testing Service and published by McGraw-Hill Education. This book was released on 2020-08-25 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The one and only bestselling official guide to the TOEFL, from the makers of the test! Preparing for the TOEFL exam? Why not study with the only guide on the market that contains real TOEFL questions pulled from recent exams? The Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT Test is most complete and reliable guide to the test that is used to meet English-language proficiency requirements at more than 10,000 institutions worldwide. This updated sixth edition includes real TOEFL questions for practice, as well as explanations of every section of the test and information on what is expected for every speaking and writing task. You will learn how to construct a proper answer and how to integrate speaking, listening, and writing skills to demonstrate college-level English proficiency. The accompanying online content includes four authentic TOEFL practice tests just like the one you will encounter on test day. The Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT Test, Sixth Edition Features: • 4 full-length practice TOEFL tests (available in the book and online for download) • Hundreds of authentic TOEFL test questions and essay topics • Test-taking strategies directly from the test maker • Answer keys, self-scoring guides, and more

Perfect Phrases for the TOEFL Speaking and Writing Sections

Author : Roberta Steinberg
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071592474
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (715 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Perfect Phrases for the TOEFL Speaking and Writing Sections by : Roberta Steinberg

Download or read book Perfect Phrases for the TOEFL Speaking and Writing Sections written by Roberta Steinberg and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2008-07-13 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perfect Phrases to stand out on the TOEFL-for the more than 800,000 people who take the test To be accepted into most North American undergraduate and graduate programs, international students must take and pass the Test of English as a Foreign Language. Perfect Phrases for the TOEFL Speaking and Writing Sections gives you all the phrases and most commonly used words you need to excel on both the writing and speaking sections of the test. Presented in the easy-to-understand Perfect Phrases format, these phrases allow you to effectively communicate and express yourself in standard American English, and to score your very best on the test.

Official TOEFL iBT® Tests Volume 2

Author : Educational Testing Service
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071844694
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (718 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Official TOEFL iBT® Tests Volume 2 by : Educational Testing Service

Download or read book Official TOEFL iBT® Tests Volume 2 written by Educational Testing Service and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2015-10-30 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five more authentic TOEFL iBT® tests in ebook format -- from ETS, the makers of the test! This book contains five actual retired TOEFL® test forms with authentic reading, listening, speaking, and writing questions. Each form includes an Answer Key, sample responses for speaking and writing questions, and complete audio scripts. The TOEFL® test is the most respected English-language proficiency exam accepted by colleges, universities, and agencies around the world. Also included are downloadable interactive, computer-delivered versions of all five tests, plus separate audio tracks for all test listening sections. Includes: Over 300 real TOEFL® questions from the test makers Real TOEFL® essay-writing prompts Sample responses for Speaking and Writing questions Downloadable computerized, interactive versions of all five tests About the Authors At Educational Testing Service (ETS; Princeton, NJ) we advance quality and equity in education for people worldwide by creating assessments based on rigorous research. ETS serves individuals, educational institutions, and government agencies by providing customized solutions for teacher certification, English language learning, and elementary, secondary, and postsecondary education, and by conducting education research, analysis, and policy studies. Founded as a non-profit in 1947, ETS develops, administers, and scores more than 50 million tests annually—including the TOEFL® and TOEIC® tests, the GRE® tests, and the Praxis® assessments—in more than 180 countries, at over 9,000 locations worldwide.