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Zinc Cadmium Sulphide And Zinc Sulphide As Alternative Heterojunction Partners For Cigs2 Solar Cells
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Book Synopsis Zinc Cadmium Sulphide and Zinc Sulphide as Alternative Heterojunction Partners for CIGS2 Solar Cells by : Bhaskar Kumar
Download or read book Zinc Cadmium Sulphide and Zinc Sulphide as Alternative Heterojunction Partners for CIGS2 Solar Cells written by Bhaskar Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the present study chemical bath deposition parameters are near optimized for high efficiency CIGS2 Solar cells. Effect of various chemical bath deposition parameters on device performance was studied and attempts were made to optimize the deposition parameters in order to improve the device performance.In/(In+Ga) ratio in absorber layer is varied to obtain good lattice match and optimum band alignment. Solar cells with conversion efficiencies comparable to conventional CdS/CIGS2 has been obtained with Zn[subscript x]Cd[subscript 1-x]S/CIGS2. High short current as well as higher open circuit voltages were obtained with Zn[subscript x]Cd[subscript 1-x]S as alternative heterojunction partner for CIGS2 solar cells as compared to SLG/Mo/CIGS2/ CdS / i-ZnO/ZnO:Al.
Book Synopsis Growth and Optoelectronic Properties of Zinc Sulfide/cadmium Sulfide Layers by Chemical Bath Deposition for Heterojunction Solar Cells by : Ganesh Sainadh Gudavalli
Download or read book Growth and Optoelectronic Properties of Zinc Sulfide/cadmium Sulfide Layers by Chemical Bath Deposition for Heterojunction Solar Cells written by Ganesh Sainadh Gudavalli and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Alternative Heterojunction Partners for CIS-Based Solar Cells: Final Report, 1 January 1998--31 August 2001 by :
Download or read book Alternative Heterojunction Partners for CIS-Based Solar Cells: Final Report, 1 January 1998--31 August 2001 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summaries work carried out in three areas: CIGSS cells based on ZnO buffer layers, cells with ZnS buffer layers, and general studies of the effects of buffer layers on device performance. These investigations were conducted mainly with CIGSS substrates provided by Siemens Solar Industries. ZnO buffer layers were grown by MOCVD and ZnS layers were deposited by chemical-bath deposition.Active-area efficiencies of 13.4% and 12.8% were achieved for cells based on ZnO and ZnS buffer layers, respectively.
Book Synopsis Progress in the Development of High Efficiency Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Solar Cells by : A.M. Barnett
Download or read book Progress in the Development of High Efficiency Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Solar Cells written by A.M. Barnett and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film photovoltaic cells of cadmium sulfide/copper sulfide have been developed and optimized for specific cell designs. The optimization has been achieved by changing material parameters and the technology of the electrical contacts as dictated by detailed analyses of loss mechanisms in the cells. Additional design changes are needed to further increase the energy conversion efficiency in direct sunlight beyond the present value of8.5%. The application of analytic techniques to specific cell designs is responsible for the improvements achieved to date, and it is expected to lead to a basic cadmium sulfide/copper sulfide cell with an efficiency over10%.It is anticipated that the application of similar analytic techniques to a modified cell of cadmium -zinc sulfide/copper sulfide, coupled with constant interplay between theoretical and experimental results will lead to an energy conversion efficiency in direct sunlight of up to 14%.The material properties and electro-optical characteristics of the present high efficiency CdS/Cu2S cells and initial results using the mixed cadmium zinc sulfide will be presented. This paper describes the analysis driven technology innovations which have led to the development of reproducible thin film cadmium sulfide solar cells with energy conversion efficiencies in direct sunlight of greater than 8.5%. A photovoltaic effect in CdS was first reported by Reynolds for a junction made by depositing a thin film of copper on a cadmium sulfide film (1). Later work established that the actual junction was between CdS and Cu2S (2). A substantial number of research efforts have since been conducted on this photovoltaic heterojunction and although some variation exists, cells have generally been made by reacting a vapor deposited cadmium sulfide film with a cuprous ion solution. A major research effort aimed towards space applications was conducted during the 1960's (3,4).These and many other investigators have reported conversion efficiencies in sunlight of between 5 and 6% with a limited number reporting efficiencies up to 70. Thin film cells with energy conversion efficiencies of7.8% when measured in direct sunlight were recently reported (5,6). The methodology and experiments which lead to the further development of 8.5%CdS/Cu2S cells follows.
Book Synopsis Semiconductors by : Martin I. Pech-Canul
Download or read book Semiconductors written by Martin I. Pech-Canul and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a practical guide to optical, optoelectronic, and semiconductor materials and provides an overview of the topic from its fundamentals to cutting-edge processing routes to groundbreaking technologies for the most recent applications. The book details the characterization and properties of these materials. Chemical methods of synthesis are emphasized by the authors throughout the publication. Describes new materials and updates to older materials that exhibit optical, optoelectronic and semiconductor behaviors; Covers the structural and mechanical aspects of the optical, optoelectronic and semiconductor materials for meeting mechanical property and safety requirements; Includes discussion of the environmental and sustainability issues regarding optical, optoelectronic, and semiconductor materials, from processing to recycling.
Book Synopsis Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells by : Arvind Victor Shah
Download or read book Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells written by Arvind Victor Shah and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-08-19 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaic technology has now developed to the extent that it is close to fulfilling the vision of a "solar-energy world," as devices based on this technology are becoming efficient, low-cost and durable. This book provides a comprehensive treatment of thin-film silicon, a prevalent PV material, in terms of its semiconductor nature, startin
Book Synopsis Reliability and Ecological Aspects of Photovoltaic Modules by : Abdulkerim Gok
Download or read book Reliability and Ecological Aspects of Photovoltaic Modules written by Abdulkerim Gok and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-01-08 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaic (PV) solar energy is expected to be the world's largest source of electricity in the future. To enhance the long-term reliability of PV modules, a thorough understanding of failure mechanisms is of vital importance. In addition, it is important to address the potential downsides to this technology. These include the hazardous chemicals needed for manufacturing solar cells, especially for thin-film technologies, and the large number of PV modules disposed of at the end of their lifecycles. This book discusses the reliability and environmental aspects of PV modules.
Book Synopsis Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells by : Kentaro Ito
Download or read book Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells written by Kentaro Ito and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with an overview and historical background of Copper Zinc Tin Sulphide (CZTS) technology, subsequent chapters cover properties of CZTS thin films, different preparation methods of CZTS thin films, a comparative study of CZTS and CIGS solar cell, computational approach, and future applications of CZTS thin film solar modules to both ground-mount and rooftop installation. The semiconducting compound (CZTS) is made up earth-abundant, low-cost and non-toxic elements, which make it an ideal candidate to replace Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) and CdTe solar cells which face material scarcity and toxicity issues. The device performance of CZTS-based thin film solar cells has been steadily improving over the past 20 years, and they have now reached near commercial efficiency levels (10%). These achievements prove that CZTS-based solar cells have the potential to be used for large-scale deployment of photovoltaics. With contributions from leading researchers from academia and industry, many of these authors have contributed to the improvement of its efficiency, and have rich experience in preparing a variety of semiconducting thin films for solar cells.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy by : D. Yogi Goswami
Download or read book Handbook of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy written by D. Yogi Goswami and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-05-07 with total page 1568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brought to you by the creator of numerous bestselling handbooks, the Handbook of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy provides a thorough grounding in the analytic techniques and technological developments that underpin renewable energy use and environmental protection. The handbook emphasizes the engineering aspects of energy conservation and renewable energy. Taking a world view, the editors discuss key topics underpinning energy efficiency and renewable energy systems. They provide content at the forefront of the contemporary debate about energy and environmental futures. This is vital information for planning a secure energy future. Practical in approach, the book covers technologies currently available or expected to be ready for implementation in the near future. It sets the stage with a survey of current and future world-wide energy issues, then explores energy policies and incentives for conservation and renewable energy, covers economic assessment methods for conservation and generation technologies, and discusses the environmental costs of various energy generation technologies. The book goes on to examine distributed generation and demand side management procedures and gives a perspective on the efficiencies, economics, and environmental costs of fossil and nuclear technologies. Highlighting energy conservation as the cornerstone of a successful national energy strategy, the book covers energy management strategies for industry and buildings, HVAC controls, co-generation, and advances in specific technologies such as motors, lighting, appliances, and heat pumps. It explores energy storage and generation from renewable sources and underlines the role of infrastructure security and risk analysis in planning future energy transmission and storage systems. These features and more make the Handbook of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy the tool for designing the energy sources of the future.
Book Synopsis The Measurement of the Volume of Cream on Milk by : H. A. Harding
Download or read book The Measurement of the Volume of Cream on Milk written by H. A. Harding and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polymers for Electronic Applications by : J.H. Lai
Download or read book Polymers for Electronic Applications written by J.H. Lai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this book is to review and to discuss some important applications of polymers in electronics. The first three chapters discuss the current primary applications of polymers in semiconductor device manufacturing: polymers as resist materials for integrated circuit fabrication, polyimides as electronics packaging materials, and polymers as integrated circuits encapsulates.
Author :Vesselinka Petrova-Koch Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3540793585 Total Pages :235 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (47 download)
Book Synopsis High-Efficient Low-Cost Photovoltaics by : Vesselinka Petrova-Koch
Download or read book High-Efficient Low-Cost Photovoltaics written by Vesselinka Petrova-Koch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bird's-eye view of the developmental trends and problems of recent photovoltaics is presented. The worldwide effort to develop high-efficiency low-cost PV modules, making use of most efficient solar cells and clever low-cost solar concentrators is described.
Book Synopsis Ultra-thin Chip Technology and Applications by : Joachim Burghartz
Download or read book Ultra-thin Chip Technology and Applications written by Joachim Burghartz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-18 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-thin chips are the "smart skin" of a conventional silicon chip. This book shows how very thin and flexible chips can be fabricated and used in many new applications in microelectronics, Microsystems, biomedical and other fields. It provides a comprehensive reference to the fabrication technology, post processing, characterization and the applications of ultra-thin chips.
Book Synopsis Practical Handbook of Photovoltaics by : Augustin McEvoy
Download or read book Practical Handbook of Photovoltaics written by Augustin McEvoy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 1269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook opens with an overview of solar radiation and how its energy can be tapped using photovoltaic cells. Other chapters cover the technology, manufacture and application of PV cells in real situations. The book ends by exploring the economic and business aspects of PV systems.
Book Synopsis Nanoelectronics and Materials Development by :
Download or read book Nanoelectronics and Materials Development written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clay-containing Polymeric Nanocomposites by : L. A. Utracki
Download or read book Clay-containing Polymeric Nanocomposites written by L. A. Utracki and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is Part 1 of a two-part set. Part 2 ISBN is 1859574823
Book Synopsis Thin Films Photovoltaics by : Beddiaf Zaidi
Download or read book Thin Films Photovoltaics written by Beddiaf Zaidi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film photovoltaic-based solar modules produce power at a low cost per watt. They are ideal candidates for large-scale solar farms as well as building-integrated photovoltaic applications. They can generate consistent power, not only at elevated temperatures but also on cloudy, overcast days and at low sun angles.Thin film photovoltaics are second-generation solar cells produced by depositing one or more thin layers, or thin films, of photosensitive material on a suitable substrate such as glass, polymer, or metal. Thin film solar cells are based on various materials such as cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), and amorphous thin film silicon (a-Si, TF-Si) are commercially used in several conventional and advanced technologies.
