World Views and Scientific Discipline Formation

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401131643
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis World Views and Scientific Discipline Formation by : W.R. Woodward

Download or read book World Views and Scientific Discipline Formation written by W.R. Woodward and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The various efforts to develop a Marxist philosophy of science in the one time 'socialist' countries were casualties of the Cold War. Even those who were in no way Marxists, and those who were undogmatic in their Marxisms, now confront a new world. All the more harsh is it for those who worked within the framework imposed upon professional philosophy by the official ideology. Here in this book, we are concerned with some 31 colleagues from the late German Democratic Republic, representative in their scholarship of the achievements of a curiously creative while dismayingly repressive period. The literature published in the GDR was blossoming, certainly in the final decade, but it developed within a totalitarian regime where personal careers either advanced or faltered through the private protection or denunciation of mentors. We will never know how many good minds did not enter the field of philosophy in the first place due to their prudent judgments that there was a virtual requirement that the candidate join the Socialist Unity (i.e. Communist) Party. Among those who started careers and were sidetracked, the record is now beginning to be revealed; and for the rest, the price of 'doing philosophy' was mostly silence in the face of harassments the likes of which make academic politics in the West seem child's play.

Scientific History

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022676141X
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific History by : Elena Aronova

Download or read book Scientific History written by Elena Aronova and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-04-02 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly, scholars in the humanities are calling for a reengagement with the natural sciences. Taking their cues from recent breakthroughs in genetics and the neurosciences, advocates of “big history” are reassessing long-held assumptions about the very definition of history, its methods, and its evidentiary base. In Scientific History, Elena Aronova maps out historians’ continuous engagement with the methods, tools, values, and scale of the natural sciences by examining several waves of their experimentation that surged highest at perceived times of trouble, from the crisis-ridden decades of the early twentieth century to the ruptures of the Cold War. The book explores the intertwined trajectories of six intellectuals and the larger programs they set in motion: Henri Berr (1863–1954), Nikolai Bukharin (1888–1938), Lucien Febvre (1878–1956), Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943), Julian Huxley (1887–1975), and John Desmond Bernal (1901–1971). Though they held different political views, spoke different languages, and pursued different goals, these thinkers are representative of a larger motley crew who joined the techniques, approaches, and values of science with the writing of history, and who created powerful institutions and networks to support their projects. In tracing these submerged stories, Aronova reveals encounters that profoundly shaped our knowledge of the past, reminding us that it is often the forgotten parts of history that are the most revealing.

Hermeneutics and Science

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792357988
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (579 download)

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Book Synopsis Hermeneutics and Science by : International Society for Hermeneutics and Science

Download or read book Hermeneutics and Science written by International Society for Hermeneutics and Science and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-09-30 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the First Conference of the International Society for Hermeneutics and Science

Responsible Science

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Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Responsible Science by : Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (U.S.). Panel on Scientific Responsibility and the Conduct of Research

Download or read book Responsible Science written by Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (U.S.). Panel on Scientific Responsibility and the Conduct of Research and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1992 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responsible Science is a comprehensive review of factors that influence the integrity of the research process. Volume I examines reports on the incidence of misconduct in science and reviews institutional and governmental efforts to handle cases of misconduct. The result of a two-year study by a panel of experts convened by the National Academy of Sciences, this book critically analyzes the impact of today's research environment on the traditional checks and balances that foster integrity in science. Responsible Science is a provocative examination of the role of educational efforts; research guidelines; and the contributions of individual scientists, mentors, and institutional officials in encouraging responsible research practices.

History of Science, History of Text

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402023200
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (232 download)

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Book Synopsis History of Science, History of Text by : Karine Chemla

Download or read book History of Science, History of Text written by Karine Chemla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the hypothesis that the types of inscription or text used by a given community of practitioners are designed in the very same process as the one producing concepts and results. The book sets out to show how, in exactly the same way as for the other outcomes of scientific activity, all kinds of factors, cognitive as well as cultural, technological, social or institutional, conjoin in shaping the various types of writings and texts used by the practitioners of the sciences. To make this point, the book opts for a genuinely multicultural approach to the texts produced in the context of practices of knowledge. It is predicated on the conviction that, in order to approach any topic in the history of science from a theoretical point of view, it may be fruitful to consider it from a global perspective. The book hence does not only gather papers dealing with geometrical papyri of antiquity, sixteenth century French books in algebra, seventeenth century scientific manuscripts and paintings, eighteenth and nineteenth century memoirs published by European academies or scientific journals, and Western Opera Omnia. It also considers the problems of interpretation relating to reading Babylonian clay tablets, Sanskrit oral scriptures and Chinese books and illustrations. Thus it enables the reader to explore the diversity of forms which texts have taken in history and the wide range of uses they have inspired. This volume will be of interest to historians, philosophers of science, linguists and anthropologists

Rescuing Reason

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401002894
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Rescuing Reason by : R. Nola

Download or read book Rescuing Reason written by R. Nola and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do knowledge and science arise from the application of canons of rationality and scientific method? Or is all our scientific knowledge caused by socio-political factors, or by our interests in the socio-political - the view of sociologists of "knowledge"? Or does it result from interplay of relations of power - the view of Michel Foucault? Or does our knowledge arise from "the will to power" - the view of Nietzsche? This volume sets out to critically examine the theses of those who would debunk the idea of rational explanation. The book is wide-ranging. The theories of method of Quine, Kuhn, Feyerabend (amongst others) are discussed and related to the views of Marx, Foucault, Wittgenstein and Nietzsche as well as sociologists of science such as Mannheim and Bloor. The author provides a wide interpretative framework which links the doctrines espoused by many of these authors; it is argued that they inherit many of the difficulties in the Strong Programme in the sociology of "knowledge", and that they fail to reconcile the normativity of knowledge with their naturalism. It is argued that neither relativists, sceptics, nihilists, sociologists of "knowledge" nor the postmodernists successfully debunk the claims of rational explanation, far from it: these theorists presuppose much of the theory of methodology they deny.

Can that be Right?

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401153345
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Can that be Right? by : A. Franklin

Download or read book Can that be Right? written by A. Franklin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of essays Allan Franklin defends the view that science provides us with knowledge about the world which is based on experimental evidence and on reasoned and critical discussion. In short, he argues that science is a reasonable enterprise. He begins with detailed studies of four episodes from the history of modern physics: (1) the early attempts to detect gravity waves, (2) how the physics community decided that a proposed new elementary particle, 17-keV neutrino, did not exist, (3) a sequence of experiments on K meson decay, and (4) the origins of the Fifth Force hypothesis, a proposed modification of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation. The case studies are then used to examine issues such as how discord between experimental results is resolved, calibration of an experimental apparatus and its legitimate use in validating an experimental result, and how experimental results provide reasonable grounds for belief in both the truth of physical theories and in the existence of the entities involved in those theories. This book is a challenge to the critics of science, both postmodern and constructivist, to provide convincing alternative explanations of the episodes and issues discussed. It should be of interest to philosophers, historians, and sociologists of science, and to scientists themselves.

A Framework for K-12 Science Education

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309214459
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis A Framework for K-12 Science Education by : National Research Council

Download or read book A Framework for K-12 Science Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-28 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, engineering, and technology permeate nearly every facet of modern life and hold the key to solving many of humanity's most pressing current and future challenges. The United States' position in the global economy is declining, in part because U.S. workers lack fundamental knowledge in these fields. To address the critical issues of U.S. competitiveness and to better prepare the workforce, A Framework for K-12 Science Education proposes a new approach to K-12 science education that will capture students' interest and provide them with the necessary foundational knowledge in the field. A Framework for K-12 Science Education outlines a broad set of expectations for students in science and engineering in grades K-12. These expectations will inform the development of new standards for K-12 science education and, subsequently, revisions to curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development for educators. This book identifies three dimensions that convey the core ideas and practices around which science and engineering education in these grades should be built. These three dimensions are: crosscutting concepts that unify the study of science through their common application across science and engineering; scientific and engineering practices; and disciplinary core ideas in the physical sciences, life sciences, and earth and space sciences and for engineering, technology, and the applications of science. The overarching goal is for all high school graduates to have sufficient knowledge of science and engineering to engage in public discussions on science-related issues, be careful consumers of scientific and technical information, and enter the careers of their choice. A Framework for K-12 Science Education is the first step in a process that can inform state-level decisions and achieve a research-grounded basis for improving science instruction and learning across the country. The book will guide standards developers, teachers, curriculum designers, assessment developers, state and district science administrators, and educators who teach science in informal environments.

The Viennese Students of Civilization

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107126401
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Viennese Students of Civilization by : Erwin Dekker

Download or read book The Viennese Students of Civilization written by Erwin Dekker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-19 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fresh look at Austrian economists and the dynamic intellectual and political context in which they lived and worked.

Ludwig Boltzmann His Later Life and Philosophy, 1900–1906

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792332312
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (323 download)

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Book Synopsis Ludwig Boltzmann His Later Life and Philosophy, 1900–1906 by : Ludwig Boltzmann

Download or read book Ludwig Boltzmann His Later Life and Philosophy, 1900–1906 written by Ludwig Boltzmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-01-31 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives the first detailed record of Ludwig Boltzmann's life and philosophical thoughts during his final years, a period of major change in physics, needing a new methodology of theoretical, idealized science. The growing primacy of physical theory over observation and experimentation meant that Boltzmann needed a methodology which went beyond Ernst Mach's phenomenalism and theory of economy. The documentary approach of this book means that historians, philosophers, and physicists can use it as a source and foundation for better understanding the development of quantum and relativity theory, the new advances in methodology, and as an aid in improving or creating their own contributions to methodology and philosophy of science. Seeds of future linguistic philosophy are also present.

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

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Publisher : Chicago : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by : Thomas S. Kuhn

Download or read book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions written by Thomas S. Kuhn and published by Chicago : University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1969 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Phenomenological Approach to Quantum Mechanics

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198897995
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis A Phenomenological Approach to Quantum Mechanics by : Steven French

Download or read book A Phenomenological Approach to Quantum Mechanics written by Steven French and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steven French suggests a radical new approach to the understanding of quantum physics, derived from Husserl's phenomenological philosophy. In 1939 two physicists, Fritz London and Edmund Bauer, published an account of measurement in quantum mechanics. Widely cited, their 'little book' featured centrally in an important debate over the role of consciousness in that process. However, it has been fundamentally misunderstood, both in that debate and beyond. Steven French argues that London, in particular, approached the measurement process from the perspective of Husserlian phenomenology, which he had studied as a student and which he retained an interest in throughout his career. This casts his work with Bauer in an entirely novel light and suggests a radical alternative understanding of quantum mechanics in which consciousness still plays a role but one that is fundamentally different than previously conceived. Most interpretations of the theory approach it on the basis of the so-called 'analytic' tradition in philosophy. However, there has recently been a surge of interest in 'continental' approaches and this book offers a significant new contribution to such developments. Intertwining history and philosophy, it presents London's background in physics and phenomenology, together with an outline of the latter as developed by Husserl, Gurwitsch, Merleau-Ponty, and others, as well as a detailed analysis of the work on measurement with Bauer. The book concludes by comparing the London and Bauer understanding with that afforded by Fuch's QBism, Everett's 'Many Worlds' interpretation, and Rovelli's Relational Quantum Mechanics. It is hoped that this exploratory work will open up new avenues of thought with regard to one of our most fundamental physical theories.

The Correspondence of Charles Darwin: Volume 28, 1880

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108879438
Total Pages : 952 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis The Correspondence of Charles Darwin: Volume 28, 1880 by : Charles Darwin

Download or read book The Correspondence of Charles Darwin: Volume 28, 1880 written by Charles Darwin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is part of the definitive edition of letters written by and to Charles Darwin, the most celebrated naturalist of the nineteenth century. Notes and appendixes put these fascinating and wide-ranging letters in context, making the letters accessible to both scholars and general readers. Darwin depended on correspondence to collect data from all over the world, and to discuss his emerging ideas with scientific colleagues, many of whom he never met in person. The letters are published chronologically. In 1880, Darwin published On The Power of Movement in Plants, and began writing his final book, The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms. He was engaged in controversy with Samuel Butler, following publication of his last book, Erasmus Darwin. At the end of the year, he succeeded in raising support for a Civil List pension for Alfred Russel Wallace, co-discoverer of the theory of natural selection.

From Methodology to Methods in Human Psychology

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319610643
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis From Methodology to Methods in Human Psychology by : Jaan Valsiner

Download or read book From Methodology to Methods in Human Psychology written by Jaan Valsiner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-18 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief aims to provide a theoretically innovative introduction to the methodology of the human sciences. It presents a new version of methodology, as a system of mutually linked acts of creating knowledge where both abstract and concrete features of research are intricately intertwined. It shows how the constructions of particular methods that are used in the science of psychology are interdependent with general psychology. This is exemplified as the Methodology Cycle. The need for an emphasis on the Methodology Cycle grows out of the habitual presentation of methods as if they were independent from the assumptions which they are built upon, with the ultimate goal of searching for and creating universal principles. Chapters discuss the Methodology Cycle and its uses in various areas of empirical study in psychological functions. Featured topics in this Brief include: The strict separation between methodology and methods. Introspection, the primary method of psychology. Extrospection, the act of introspection turned outwards. Generalization and its effect on uniqueness. From Methodology to Methods in Human Psychology will be of interest to psychologists, undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers.

International Science Between the World Wars

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134267991
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (342 download)

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Book Synopsis International Science Between the World Wars by : Nikolai Krementsov

Download or read book International Science Between the World Wars written by Nikolai Krementsov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is international science and how does it function? This book answers these questions through a detailed study of international congresses on genetics held from 1899 to 1939. It presents a portrait of international science as a product of continuous interactions that involved scientists and their patrons within specific political, ideological, and disciplinary contexts. Drawing on a variety of archival sources - ranging from Stalin's personal papers to the records of the Gestapo and from the correspondence among scientists in different countries to the minutes of the Soviet government's top-secret meetings - it depicts the operations of international science at a time of great political tensions. Krementsov breaks with the view of science as either inherently national or quintessentially international, examining instead the intersection between national and international agendas in scientists' activities. Focusing on the dramatic history of the Seventh international genetics congress, he investigates contradictions inherent to scientists' dual loyalties to their country and their science. Through analysis of negotiations among three groups of actors involved with the organization of the congress, Krementsov examines the role of ideologies, patronage, and personal networks in the operations of international science.

Metaphor and Materiality

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Metaphor and Materiality by : Peter D. Smith

Download or read book Metaphor and Materiality written by Peter D. Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2000 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaphor and Materiality explores the relationship between literature and science from the end of the eighteenth century to the Cold War period. This wide-ranging study reveals how major works of German and Austrian literature interrogate contemporary scientific paradigms and metaphors. An introductory chapter discusses current approaches to the study of science, drawing on the work of Rorty, Kuhn and Toulmin amongst others. Subsequent chapters analyse in detail key literary works, setting them in a scientific and philosophical context: Goethe's Die Wahlverwandtschaften (1809), Buchner's Dantons Tod and Woyzeck (1835-7), Stifter's Kalkstein and Bergkristall (1853), Musil's Die Verwirrungen des Zoglings Torless (1906), and Brecht's Leben des Galilei (1955). The extensive bibliography will prove invaluable to researchers in the field of literature and science.

Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400827094
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline by : Bernard Williams

Download or read book Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline written by Bernard Williams and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What can--and what can't--philosophy do? What are its ethical risks--and its possible rewards? How does it differ from science? In Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline, Bernard Williams addresses these questions and presents a striking vision of philosophy as fundamentally different from science in its aims and methods even though there is still in philosophy "something that counts as getting it right." Written with his distinctive combination of rigor, imagination, depth, and humanism, the book amply demonstrates why Williams was one of the greatest philosophers of the twentieth century. Spanning his career from his first publication to one of his last lectures, the book's previously unpublished or uncollected essays address metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics, as well as the scope and limits of philosophy itself. The essays are unified by Williams's constant concern that philosophy maintain contact with the human problems that animate it in the first place. As the book's editor, A. W. Moore, writes in his introduction, the title essay is "a kind of manifesto for Williams's conception of his own life's work." It is where he most directly asks "what philosophy can and cannot contribute to the project of making sense of things"--answering that what philosophy can best help make sense of is "being human." Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline is one of three posthumous books by Williams to be published by Princeton University Press. In the Beginning Was the Deed: Realism and Moralism in Political Argument was published in the fall of 2005. The Sense of the Past: Essays in the History of Philosophy is being published shortly after the present volume.