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Who Is Paying For Health Care In Eastern Europe And Central Asia
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Book Synopsis Who is Paying for Health Care in Eastern Europe and Central Asia? by : Maureen A. Lewis
Download or read book Who is Paying for Health Care in Eastern Europe and Central Asia? written by Maureen A. Lewis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informal payments in the health sector of Eastern and Central Asia are emerging as a fundamental aspect of health care financing and a serious impediment to health care reform. These informal payments, made to individuals or institutions in cash or in kind, are nearly always for services that are meant to be covered by the health care system. Such private payments to public personnel have created an informal market for health care , and are a form of corruption. This problem's roots are traced to declining revenues which have not coincided with a reduction in buildings, hospital beds and health personnel. In these circumstances informal payments compensate for lost earnings, and therefore reforms to modernise the region's health systems must compete with individuals' personal revenues. Options for addressing this problem include comprehensive anticorruption policies, downsizing of the public health system, reducing the set of services sibsidised by the state, encouraging cost sharing with those who can afford it, improving accountability, and promoting private alternatives.
Book Synopsis Who is Paying for Health Care in Europe and Central Asia? by : Maureen Lewis
Download or read book Who is Paying for Health Care in Europe and Central Asia? written by Maureen Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Getting Better written by Owen Smith and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health is a major development challenge facing Europe and Central Asia (ECA) today. Living long and healthy lives matters as much as achieving ever-higher incomes. This report is about how to improve health system outcomes in countries in the ECA region. This report, which explores the development challenge facing health sectors in ECA, identifies three key agendas for achieving more rapid convergence with the world's best-performing health systems: the first is the health agenda, in which the main imperative is to strengthen public health and primary-care interventions to help achieve the cardiovascular revolution that has taken place in the West in recent decades. The second is the financing agenda, in which growing demand for medical care must be satisfied without imposing an undue burden on households, by achieving better financial protection, or on government budgets, by ensuring a more efficient use of resources. The third agenda relates to broader institutional arrangements. Here, a few key reform ingredients are identified, each of which is common to most advanced health systems but lacking in many ECA countries.
Book Synopsis Who is Paying for Health Care in Europe and Central Asia? by : Maureen A. Lewis
Download or read book Who is Paying for Health Care in Europe and Central Asia? written by Maureen A. Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Europe and Central Asia's Great Post-Communist Social Health Insurance Experiment: Impacts on Health Sector and Labor Markets Outcomes by :
Download or read book Europe and Central Asia's Great Post-Communist Social Health Insurance Experiment: Impacts on Health Sector and Labor Markets Outcomes written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis System-Wide Impacts of Hospital Payment Reforms by : Rodrigo Moreno-Serra
Download or read book System-Wide Impacts of Hospital Payment Reforms written by Rodrigo Moreno-Serra and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there is broad agreement that the way that health care providers are paid affects their performance, the empirical literature on the impacts of provider payment reforms is surprisingly thin. During the 1990s and early 2000s, many European and Central Asian countries shifted from paying hospitals through historical budgets to fee-for-service or patient-based-payment methods (mostly variants of diagnosis-related groups). Using panel data on 28 countries over the period 1990-2004, the authors of this study exploit the phased shift from historical budgets to explore aggregate impacts on hospital throughput, national health spending, and mortality from causes amenable to medical care. They use a regression version of difference-in-differences and two variants that relax the difference-in-differences parallel trends assumption. The results show that fee-for-service and patient-based-payment methods both increased national health spending, including private (out-of-pocket) spending. However, they had different effects on inpatient admissions (fee-for-service increased them; patient-based-payment had no effect), and average length of stay (fee-for-service had no effect; patient-based-payment reduced it). Of the two methods, only patient-based-payment appears to have had any beneficial effect on "amenable mortality," but there were significant impacts for only a couple of causes of death, and not in all model specifications.
Book Synopsis A Survey of Health Reform in Central Asia by : Jeni Klugman
Download or read book A Survey of Health Reform in Central Asia written by Jeni Klugman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 352. Six years into the transition from planned to market economies in Central and Eastern Europe, high unemployment rates, including a growing proportion of the long-term unemployed, represent a serious challenge to social welfare systems and policymakers. This paper analyzes labor market development in nine transition countries of the region by focusing on the dynamics of labor force behavior, employment, and unemployment. The countries include Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Slovak Republic, and Slovenia.
Book Synopsis Europe and Central Asia - Health Insurance and Competition by :
Download or read book Europe and Central Asia - Health Insurance and Competition written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis System-Wide Impacts of Hospital Payment Reforms by : Rodrigo Moreno-Serra
Download or read book System-Wide Impacts of Hospital Payment Reforms written by Rodrigo Moreno-Serra and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there is broad agreement that the way that health care providers are paid affects their performance, the empirical literature on the impacts of provider payment reforms is surprisingly thin. During the 1990s and early 2000s, many European and Central Asian countries shifted from paying hospitals through historical budgets to fee-for-service or patient-based-payment methods (mostly variants of diagnosis-related groups). Using panel data on 28 countries over the period 1990-2004, the authors of this study exploit the phased shift from historical budgets to explore aggregate impacts on hospital throughput, national health spending, and mortality from causes amenable to medical care. They use a regression version of difference-in-differences and two variants that relax the difference-in-differences parallel trends assumption. The results show that fee-for-service and patient-based-payment methods both increased national health spending, including private (out-of-pocket) spending. However, they had different effects on inpatient admissions (fee-for-service increased them; patient-based-payment had no effect), and average length of stay (fee-for-service had no effect; patient-based-payment reduced it). Of the two methods, only patient-based-payment appears to have had any beneficial effect on "amenable mortality," but there were significant impacts for only a couple of causes of death, and not in all model specifications.
Download or read book Health written by Marc Suhrcke and published by European Observatory. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is the first comprehensive effort to analyse the economic impact of ill health in the CEE-CIS (Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States) Region. This book explores the interdependence of health and economic development, focusing on the Region's significant economic burden of ill health.
Book Synopsis Europe and Central Asia - Health Insurance and Competition by : Weltbank
Download or read book Europe and Central Asia - Health Insurance and Competition written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health financing systems in some Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries are undergoing some major reforms. In parallel with the transition from central planning to develop market-based economies, countries in Central Europe have moved within a relatively short period of time from having health systems that were government managed and funded by taxes to single health insurance systems that are payroll-funded. The next chapter (chapter two) describes the insurance context in Austria, the Netherlands, Slovakia, and Switzerland. Chapter three examines risk selection in a multiple insurance system. Risk-adjusters and equalization schemes in different countries are discussed as well as the resulting incentives for insurance companies to develop cost containment strategies. Chapter four discusses whether and how insurers compete for providers, including the different forms of managed care contracts that have evolved under multiple insurance and the impact of such contracts on policy goals. Chapter five describes consumer choice in different health financing systems and whether consumers are exercising their choice to switch insurers and plans. Chapter six presents an overview of the different options for insurance reforms. The final chapter will identify the main lessons drawn from the preceding chapters and will present potential policy solutions for increasing the effectiveness of insurance systems, including the necessary regulatory framework to prevent adverse effects, purchasing, improved risk pooling, and monitoring and evaluation systems.
Book Synopsis The Efficiency of Post-Communist Countries' Health Systems by : Justyna Kujawska
Download or read book The Efficiency of Post-Communist Countries' Health Systems written by Justyna Kujawska and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health-care costs are a major financial burden for the transition economies, which have experienced rapidly increasing demand for health-care services. The former communist countries of the Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia needed to reform the financing of their health-care systems and make efforts to strengthen the role of primary care while limiting the role of hospital care. The growing health needs and, consequently, costs resulted in the increased attention paid to the performance of health systems. The aim of this chapter is to determine the efficiency of health systems in post-communist countries. The data envelopment analysis method was used. The effective health systems were identified and recommendations for the inefficient countries were formulated.
Book Synopsis Prospects for Improving Nutrition in Eastern Europe and Central Asia by : Claudia Rokx
Download or read book Prospects for Improving Nutrition in Eastern Europe and Central Asia written by Claudia Rokx and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents an overview of critical nutrition issues effecting the Eastern European and Central Asian (ECA) countries and suggests strategies for improvement. The ECA region is diverse in economic, political, and social structures, as are the nutrition problems in the region. The report finds that, in addition to poverty, lack of knowledge about basic nutrition among populations is also a key determinant of malnutrition in the ECA region.
Book Synopsis Implementing Health Financing Reform by : Joseph Kutzin
Download or read book Implementing Health Financing Reform written by Joseph Kutzin and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyses the experience with the financing reforms implemented by the countries of Central Europe, Eastern Europe, the Cauxasus and Central Asia.
Book Synopsis Healthcare Reforms in Post-communist Countries of Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia by : Pavel Guranda
Download or read book Healthcare Reforms in Post-communist Countries of Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia written by Pavel Guranda and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Health Care In Central Asia by : Mckee
Download or read book Health Care In Central Asia written by Mckee and published by Open University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central Asia remains one of the least known parts of the former Soviet Union. The five central Asian republics gained their unexpected independence in 1991. They have faced enormous challenges over the last decade in reforming their health care systems, including adverse macro-economic conditions and political instability. To varying extents, each country is diverging from a hierarchical and unsustainable Soviet model health care system. Common strategies have involved devolving the ownership of health services, seeking sources of revenue additional to shrinking state taxes, 'down-sizing' their excessive hospital systems, introducing general practitioners into primary care services, and enhancing the training of health professionals. This book draws on a decade of experience of what has worked and what has not. It is an invaluable source for those working in the region and for others interested in the experiences of countries in political and economic transition.
Book Synopsis Reforming Health Care by : Željko Bogetić
Download or read book Reforming Health Care written by Željko Bogetić and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many health care reform proposals expand insurance coverage without fundamentally changing the structure of health insurance. The stay- well plan used in Mendocino County, California, since 1979, offers an alternative insurance structure that provides direct incentives for consumers to control utilization and adopt healthier lifestyles.
