What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Output Gaps

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What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Output Gaps?

Author : Jelle Barkema
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
ISBN 13 : 9781513561257
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Output Gaps? by : Jelle Barkema

Download or read book What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Output Gaps? written by Jelle Barkema and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates of output gaps continue to play a key role in assessments of the stance of business cycles. This paper uses three approaches to examine the historical record of output gap measurements and their use in surveillance within the IMF. Firstly, the historical record of global output gap estimates shows a firm negative skew, in line with previous regional studies, as well as frequent historical revisions to output gap estimates. Secondly, when looking at the co-movement of output gap estimates and realized measures of slack, a positive, but limited, association is found between the two. Thirdly, text analysis techniques are deployed to assess how estimates of output gaps are used in Fund surveillance. The results reveal no strong bearing of output gap estimates on the coverage of the concept or direction of policy advice. The results suggest the need for continued caution in relying on output gaps for real-time policymaking and policy assessment.

How Informative Are Real Time Output Gap Estimates in Europe?

Author : Mr.Alvar Kangur
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513512544
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis How Informative Are Real Time Output Gap Estimates in Europe? by : Mr.Alvar Kangur

Download or read book How Informative Are Real Time Output Gap Estimates in Europe? written by Mr.Alvar Kangur and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-09-20 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the properties of the IMF-WEO estimates of real-time output gaps for countries in the euro area as well as the determinants of their revisions over 1994-2017. The analysis shows that staff typically saw economies as operating below their potential. In real time, output gaps tend to have large and negative averages that are largely revised away in later vintages. Most of the mis-measurement in real time can be explained by the difficulty in predicting recessions and by overestimation of the economy’s potential capacity. We also find, in line with earlier literature, that real-time output gaps are not useful for predicting inflation. In addition, countries where slack (and potential growth) is overestimated to a larger extent primary fiscal balances tend to be lower and public debt ratios are higher and increase faster than projected. Previous research suggests that national authorities’ real-time output gaps suffer from a similar bias. To the extent these estimates play a role in calibrating fiscal policy, over-optimism about long-term growth could contribute to excessive deficits and debt buildup.

Fiscal Policy in the European Union

Author : J. Ferreiro
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230228267
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Policy in the European Union by : J. Ferreiro

Download or read book Fiscal Policy in the European Union written by J. Ferreiro and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-11-27 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive analysis of national fiscal policies in the European Union and in the European Monetary Union. Adopting a critical perspective, the book offers a deep insight into the consequences of the current strategy of national fiscal policies on economic activity.

Closing the Communication Gap

Author : H. James Harrington
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466574895
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Closing the Communication Gap by : H. James Harrington

Download or read book Closing the Communication Gap written by H. James Harrington and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-08-21 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved communication in business means higher profits. Improved communication in government means happier citizens. Improved communication in healthcare means quicker recoveries, fewer lawsuits, and happier nurses and patients.Closing the Communication Gap can help readers improve communication by closing the gap between what the communicator mea

Measurement of the Output Gap

Author : Pierre St.-Amant
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780662260196
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Measurement of the Output Gap by : Pierre St.-Amant

Download or read book Measurement of the Output Gap written by Pierre St.-Amant and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses some methodologies for estimating potential output and the output gap that have recently been studied at the Bank of Canada. The assumptions and econometric techniques used by the different methodologies are discussed in turn, and applications to Canadian data are presented. The first group of methods considered are those that simply use some implicit or explicit assumptions about the dynamics of real output to identify the output gap, including the Hodrick and Prescott filter for identifying the cyclical component of output. The second group consists of approaches that combine their assumptions with information from assumed or structural relationships between the output gap and other economic variables. The third class of methods uses multivariate rather than univariate dynamic relationships, often in combination with structural relationships from economic theory, to estimate output gap as a particular transitory component of real output.

Monetary and Fiscal Policy

Author : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. Select Committee on Economic Affairs
Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 9780104005507
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Monetary and Fiscal Policy by : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. Select Committee on Economic Affairs

Download or read book Monetary and Fiscal Policy written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. Select Committee on Economic Affairs and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2004 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monetary and fiscal Policy : Present successes and future problems, 3rd report of session 2003-04, Vol. 2: Evidence

Academic Conversations

Author : Jeff Zwiers
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003843298
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Academic Conversations by : Jeff Zwiers

Download or read book Academic Conversations written by Jeff Zwiers and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-10 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conversing with others has given insights to different perspectives, helped build ideas, and solve problems. Academic conversations push students to think and learn in lasting ways. Academic conversations are back-and-forth dialogues in which students focus on a topic and explore it by building, challenging, and negotiating relevant ideas. In Academic Conversations: Classroom Talk that Fosters Critical Thinking and Content Understandings authors Jeff Zwiers and Marie Crawford address the challenges teachers face when trying to bring thoughtful, respectful, and focused conversations into the classroom. They identify five core communications skills needed to help students hold productive academic conversation across content areas: Elaborating and Clarifying Supporting Ideas with Evidence Building On and/or Challenging Ideas Paraphrasing Synthesizing This book shows teachers how to weave the cultivation of academic conversation skills and conversations into current teaching approaches. More specifically, it describes how to use conversations to build the following: Academic vocabulary and grammar Critical thinking skills such as persuasion, interpretation, consideration of multiple perspectives, evaluation, and application Literacy skills such as questioning, predicting, connecting to prior knowledge, and summarizing An academic classroom environment brimming with respect for others' ideas, equity of voice, engagement, and mutual support The ideas in this book stem from many hours of classroom practice, research, and video analysis across grade levels and content areas. Readers will find numerous practical activities for working on each conversation skill, crafting conversation-worthy tasks, and using conversations to teach and assess. Academic Conversations offers an in-depth approach to helping students develop into the future parents, teachers, and leaders who will collaborate to build a better world.

EMPOWERED

Author : Marty Cagan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119691257
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis EMPOWERED by : Marty Cagan

Download or read book EMPOWERED written by Marty Cagan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-03 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Great teams are comprised of ordinary people that are empowered and inspired. They are empowered to solve hard problems in ways their customers love yet work for their business. They are inspired with ideas and techniques for quickly evaluating those ideas to discover solutions that work: they are valuable, usable, feasible and viable. This book is about the idea and reality of "achieving extraordinary results from ordinary people". Empowered is the companion to Inspired. It addresses the other half of the problem of building tech products?how to get the absolute best work from your product teams. However, the book's message applies much more broadly than just to product teams. Inspired was aimed at product managers. Empowered is aimed at all levels of technology-powered organizations: founders and CEO's, leaders of product, technology and design, and the countless product managers, product designers and engineers that comprise the teams. This book will not just inspire companies to empower their employees but will teach them how. This book will help readers achieve the benefits of truly empowered teams"--

Escaping the Build Trap

Author : Melissa Perri
Publisher : O'Reilly Media
ISBN 13 : 1491973765
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis Escaping the Build Trap by : Melissa Perri

Download or read book Escaping the Build Trap written by Melissa Perri and published by O'Reilly Media. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To stay competitive in today’s market, organizations need to adopt a culture of customer-centric practices that focus on outcomes rather than outputs. Companies that live and die by outputs often fall into the "build trap," cranking out features to meet their schedule rather than the customer’s needs. In this book, Melissa Perri explains how laying the foundation for great product management can help companies solve real customer problems while achieving business goals. By understanding how to communicate and collaborate within a company structure, you can create a product culture that benefits both the business and the customer. You’ll learn product management principles that can be applied to any organization, big or small. In five parts, this book explores: Why organizations ship features rather than cultivate the value those features represent How to set up a product organization that scales How product strategy connects a company’s vision and economic outcomes back to the product activities How to identify and pursue the right opportunities for producing value through an iterative product framework How to build a culture focused on successful outcomes over outputs

Regional Economic Outlook, April 2022, Middle East and Central Asia

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, April 2022, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, April 2022, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The war in Ukraine and sanctions on Russia are exacerbating the divergence in recovery prospects for the Middle East and Central Asia (ME&CA). Despite better-than-expected upside momentum in 2021, the economic environment in 2022 is defined by extraordinary headwinds and uncertainties, particularly for commodity importers, with higher and more volatile commodity prices, rising inflationary pressures, faster-than-expected monetary policy normalization in advanced economies, and a lingering pandemic. Prospects for oil exporters in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have improved, while countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) region face a particularly challenging outlook given their linkages to Russia and Ukraine. Downside risks dominate the outlook and include a prolonged war and further sanctions on Russia, tighter-than-expected global financial conditions, possible deanchoring of inflation expectations, a sharper slowdown in China, and new pandemic outbreaks. Policymaking has become increasingly complex, with dwindling macro policy space to deal with these extraordinary shocks, amid high debt and inflation. Given divergent outlooks, policies will need to be calibrated carefully to country circumstances to manage uncertainties, maintain macroeconomic stability, and support the recovery while protecting the most vulnerable and ensuring food and energy security. Structural reforms have become even more urgent to prevent scarring from the pandemic and the war, and ensure a private sector-led and inclusive recovery, including by embracing digitalization and investing in a greener future.

Handbook of Philosophical Logic

Author : Dov M. Gabbay
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400952031
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Philosophical Logic by : Dov M. Gabbay

Download or read book Handbook of Philosophical Logic written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a number of systems of logic which can be considered as alternatives to classical logic. The notion of what counts as an alternative is a somewhat problematic one. There are extreme views on the matter of what is the 'correct' logical system and whether one logical system (e. g. classical logic) can represent (or contain) all the others. The choice of the systems presented in this volume was guided by the following criteria for including a logic as an alternative: (i) the departure from classical logic in accepting or rejecting certain theorems of classical logic following intuitions arising from significant application areas and/or from human reasoning; (ii) the alternative logic is well-established and well-understood mathematically and is widely applied in other disciplines such as mathematics, physics, computer science, philosophy, psychology, or linguistics. A number of other alternatives had to be omitted for the present volume (e. g. recent attempts to formulate so-called 'non-monotonic' reason ing systems). Perhaps these can be included in future extensions of the Handbook of Philosophical Logic. Chapter 1 deals with partial logics, that is, systems where sentences do not always have to be either true or false, and where terms do not always have to denote. These systems are thus, in general, geared towards reasoning in partially specified models. Logics of this type have arisen mainly from philo sophical and linguistic considerations; various applications in theoretical computer science have also been envisaged.

Budget 2012

Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Treasury Committee
Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 9780215043849
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Budget 2012 by : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Treasury Committee

Download or read book Budget 2012 written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Treasury Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2012-04-18 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Budget 2012 published as HC 1853, session 2010-12 (ISBN 9780102976045). For Volume 1, see (ISBN 9780215043863)

Elementary and Secondary Education Amendments of 1973: Hearings held in Washington, D.C., January 31, 1973; February 1, 5,6, 7, 8, 20, 21, and 22, 1973

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. General Subcommittee on Education
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 992 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Elementary and Secondary Education Amendments of 1973: Hearings held in Washington, D.C., January 31, 1973; February 1, 5,6, 7, 8, 20, 21, and 22, 1973 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. General Subcommittee on Education

Download or read book Elementary and Secondary Education Amendments of 1973: Hearings held in Washington, D.C., January 31, 1973; February 1, 5,6, 7, 8, 20, 21, and 22, 1973 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. General Subcommittee on Education and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Social Justice, the Common Core, and Closing the Instructional Gap

Author : Janet C. Richards
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1681232324
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (812 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Justice, the Common Core, and Closing the Instructional Gap by : Janet C. Richards

Download or read book Social Justice, the Common Core, and Closing the Instructional Gap written by Janet C. Richards and published by IAP. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is little doubt that the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) are a controversial entity. They are provocative for the way in which they have been developed, for the ways they are being implemented and evaluated, for their content, and for their failure to explicitly consider the needs, interests, and histories of diverse populations. While the CCSS continue to be problematized by critics around the country—including the editors of this volume—it is evident our nation is moving toward (some would argue we have arrived at) a national set of standards and/or a national curriculum. This text will be an important volume for multiple audiences, in large part because it will bring together critical perspectives on the CCSS and the notion of national standards/curricula. It will simultaneously provide a social justice orientation as a way to interpret the CCSS and respond to their limits, while presenting practical examples of social justice?oriented, CCSS?focused curricula that empower diverse learners and their teachers. Social Justice, the Common Core, and Closing the Instructional Gap will consist of chapters by classroom teachers and university scholars who portray honest, engaging, first?person accounts of their successes and challenges connecting a social justice pedagogical orientation to the Common Core State Standards. These authors candidly and passionately share the challenges of navigating between a social justice curriculum and high stakes standards? and test?driven environments. They highlight their accomplishments that include effectively supporting students to consider social injustices and devise plans to work toward a more equitable world.

Advanced Electro-optical Imaging Techniques

Author : Stanley Sobieski
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Electro-optical Imaging Techniques by : Stanley Sobieski

Download or read book Advanced Electro-optical Imaging Techniques written by Stanley Sobieski and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Costs of Unemployment

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Costs of Unemployment by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy

Download or read book Costs of Unemployment written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bond Pricing and Yield Curve Modeling

Author : Riccardo Rebonato
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316732959
Total Pages : 781 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (167 download)

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Book Synopsis Bond Pricing and Yield Curve Modeling by : Riccardo Rebonato

Download or read book Bond Pricing and Yield Curve Modeling written by Riccardo Rebonato and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-07 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, well-known expert Riccardo Rebonato provides the theoretical foundations (no-arbitrage, convexity, expectations, risk premia) needed for the affine modeling of the government bond markets. He presents and critically discusses the wealth of empirical findings that have appeared in the literature of the last decade, and introduces the 'structural' models that are used by central banks, institutional investors, sovereign wealth funds, academics, and advanced practitioners to model the yield curve, to answer policy questions, to estimate the magnitude of the risk premium, to gauge market expectations, and to assess investment opportunities. Rebonato weaves precise theory with up-to-date empirical evidence to build, with the minimum mathematical sophistication required for the task, a critical understanding of what drives the government bond market.