What Are Teens Thinking? Parent-Teen Conflict and Argument From the Teen Perspective

Download What Are Teens Thinking? Parent-Teen Conflict and Argument From the Teen Perspective PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1105398935
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (53 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis What Are Teens Thinking? Parent-Teen Conflict and Argument From the Teen Perspective by : Chris Buzzetta

Download or read book What Are Teens Thinking? Parent-Teen Conflict and Argument From the Teen Perspective written by Chris Buzzetta and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explored the embodied teen experience of parent-teen conflict and argument using a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach. Teens self-identified as (a) living in a family with everyday conflict, (b) not seeing a psychologist or counselor, (c) not having been in any drug or alcohol treatment programs, (d) not knowing the researcher ahead of time, and (e) being between the ages of 13 to 19 at the time the interview took place. The following themes emerged: (a) feeling powerless, small, devalued, and oppressed; (b) experiencing irritation, frustration, hypocrisy, pettiness, and defiance; (c) wanting freedom and autonomy and the battle for control; and (d) needing safe space and me time. Each theme and the whole embodied essence of this experience were interpreted through teens' as well as the researcher's lenses. The interpretations provide insight for teens, parents, and parent educators that may help improve parent-teen relationships and provide strategies to use in the classroom setting.

Marital Conflict and Children

Download Marital Conflict and Children PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1462503292
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Marital Conflict and Children by : E. Mark Cummings

Download or read book Marital Conflict and Children written by E. Mark Cummings and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From leading researchers, this book presents important advances in understanding how growing up in a discordant family affects child adjustment, the factors that make certain children more vulnerable than others, and what can be done to help. It is a state-of-the-science follow-up to the authors' seminal earlier work, Children and Marital Conflict: The Impact of Family Dispute and Resolution. The volume presents a new conceptual framework that draws on current knowledge about family processes; parenting; attachment; and children's emotional, physiological, cognitive, and behavioral development. Innovative research methods are explained and promising directions for clinical practice with children and families are discussed.

Parenting Today’s Teens

Download Parenting Today’s Teens PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Certa Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1946466506
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (464 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Parenting Today’s Teens by : Mark Gregston

Download or read book Parenting Today’s Teens written by Mark Gregston and published by Certa Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-04 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parenting today’s teens is not for cowards. Your teenager is facing unprecedented and confusing pressures, temptations, and challenges in today’s culture. Mark Gregston has helped teens and their parents through every struggle imaginable, and now he shares his biblical, practical insights with you in bite-size pieces. Punctuated with Scriptures, prayers, and penetrating questions, these one-page devotions will give you the wisdom and assurance you need to guide your teen through these years and reach the other side with relationships intact.

The Power of Mindful Parenting

Download The Power of Mindful Parenting PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Mindful Parenting Press
ISBN 13 : 9781733308304
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (83 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Power of Mindful Parenting by : Wynn Burkett

Download or read book The Power of Mindful Parenting written by Wynn Burkett and published by Mindful Parenting Press. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Power of Mindful Parenting is an essential guide to help stressed-out parents stay calm and connected while navigating the rocky tween and teen years with confidence. Are you baffled by the surly tween who has replaced your sweet loving child? Are you wondering how you're going to guide your teen safely to young adulthood? Are you not sure you'll survive the teen years--with all the eye rolling, attitude, and arguing? Do you find yourself raising your voice more but being heard less? You're not alone. Parenting teenagers is hard work. The Power of Mindful Parenting offers concrete strategies to stay calm in the face of challenging teen behavior. Successful parenting workshop leader Wynn Burkett explores the stages of teen development to explain why they act the way they do. (Spoiler alert: it's not because you're a bad parent ) She teaches simple mindfulness skills, meditation exercises, and practical tools to help parents take a more positive approach that reduces conflict and improves communication. This book will help you feel more optimistic about your relationship with your teen and result in more love, compassion, and connection at home.

Parent-Teen Relationships

Download Parent-Teen Relationships PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Saint Mary's Press
ISBN 13 : 0884893499
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (848 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Parent-Teen Relationships by : Gail Daniels Hassett

Download or read book Parent-Teen Relationships written by Gail Daniels Hassett and published by Saint Mary's Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The older teens in your parish want a youth ministry program that exposes them to relevant, real-world topics in an active, engaging way. Horizons is an innovative, comprehensive approach to religious education. Its foundation is teacher-led, creative learning strategies that give students ample opportunities for discussion, reflection--and fun! Designed for grades 9-12, Horizons utilizes a module system so that you can combine courses and topics to meet the specific needs of your parish. Seven core courses set the stage for discussing central and foundational themes. Then choose from a wide selection of age-appropriate minicourses to round out your curriculum and craft summer courses, retreats, and youth-group activities. The Youth Ministry Strategies component features more than 65 creative youth activities to complement the Horizons curriculum. And on top of all that, Horizons includes outstanding training resources. You'll be able to create the most engaging and relevant youth ministry program for senior high that is available anywhere.

Confident Parents, Confident Kids

Download Confident Parents, Confident Kids PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Fair Winds Press
ISBN 13 : 1592339042
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (923 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Confident Parents, Confident Kids by : Jennifer S. Miller

Download or read book Confident Parents, Confident Kids written by Jennifer S. Miller and published by Fair Winds Press. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confident Parents, Confident Kids lays out an approach for helping parents—and the kids they love—hone their emotional intelligence so that they can make wise choices, connect and communicate well with others (even when patience is thin), and become socially conscious and confident human beings. How do we raise a happy, confident kid? And how can we be confident that our parenting is preparing our child for success? Our confidence develops from understanding and having a mastery over our emotions (aka emotional intelligence)—and helping our children do the same. Like learning to play a musical instrument, we can fine-tune our ability to skillfully react to those crazy, wonderful, big feelings that naturally arise from our child’s constant growth and changes, moving from chaos to harmony. We want our children to trust that they can conquer any challenge with hard work and persistence; that they can love boundlessly; that they will find their unique sense of purpose; and they will act wisely in a complex world. This book shows you how. With author and educator Jennifer Miller as your supportive guide, you'll learn: the lies we’ve been told about emotions, how they shape our choices, and how we can reshape our parenting decisions in better alignment with our deepest values. how to identify the temperaments your child was born with so you can support those tendencies rather than fight them. how to align your biggest hopes and dreams for your kids with specific skills that can be practiced, along with new research to support those powerful connections. about each age and stage your child goes through and the range of learning opportunities available. how to identify and manage those big emotions (that only the parenting process can bring out in us!) and how to model emotional intelligence for your children. how to deal with the emotions and influences of your choir—the many outside individuals and communities who directly impact your child’s life, including school, the digital world, extended family, neighbors, and friends. Raising confident, centered, happy kids—while feeling the same way about yourself—is possible with Confident Parents, Confident Kids.

Surviving Your Child's Adolescence

Download Surviving Your Child's Adolescence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118228839
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (182 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Surviving Your Child's Adolescence by : Carl Pickhardt

Download or read book Surviving Your Child's Adolescence written by Carl Pickhardt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-11 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expert suggestions for guiding your child through the rough teenage years Does it sometimes seem like your teenager is trying to push you over the edge? Learn what your child is going through and what you can do to help your teen navigate this difficult period in this practical guide from psychologist and parenting expert Carl Pickhardt. In an easy-to-read style, Dr. Pickhardt describes a 4-stage model of adolescent growth to help parents anticipate common developmental changes in their daughter or son from late elementary school through the college age years. Provides unique advice for dealing with arguing, chores, the messy room, homework, and many other issues Offers best practices for teaching effective communication, constructive conflict, and responsible decision-making Includes ideas for protecting kids against the dangers of the Internet, bullying, dating, sexual involvement, and substance use An essential road map for parents looking to guide their children on the path to adulthood.

The Promise of Adolescence

Download The Promise of Adolescence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309490111
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Promise of Adolescence by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Promise of Adolescence written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.

Hear Me, Hug Me, Trust Me

Download Hear Me, Hug Me, Trust Me PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Calgary : Script : Good Health Books
ISBN 13 : 9781896015033
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (15 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Hear Me, Hug Me, Trust Me by : G. Scott Wooding

Download or read book Hear Me, Hug Me, Trust Me written by G. Scott Wooding and published by Calgary : Script : Good Health Books. This book was released on 1995 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book teens tell what they like and dislike about how parents treat them and define the 12 characteristics they feel make an ideal parent. Dr. Wooding explains his approach and shows parents how to listen before they react and how to love their teens even when they mess up Contains teen views on issues of importance to them.

How to Really Love Your Child

Download How to Really Love Your Child PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Honor Books
ISBN 13 : 9781562927288
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (272 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis How to Really Love Your Child by : Ross Campbell

Download or read book How to Really Love Your Child written by Ross Campbell and published by Honor Books. This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Have a New Teenager by Friday

Download Have a New Teenager by Friday PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Baker Books
ISBN 13 : 1441233997
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (412 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Have a New Teenager by Friday by : Dr. Kevin Leman

Download or read book Have a New Teenager by Friday written by Dr. Kevin Leman and published by Baker Books. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parents may survive the terrible twos and the first years of school all right, but the teenage years bring entirely new and alien creatures. So, parents have a choice: either send that teenager to boarding school and visit him when he reaches normalcy again (in about ten years) or choose to experience the best, most fun years of life--together! The secret is in how the parental cards are played. With his signature wit and commonsense psychology, internationally recognized family expert and New York Times bestselling author Dr. Kevin Leman helps parents communicate with the "whatever" generation establish healthy boundaries and workable guidelines gain respect--even admiration--from their teenager turn selfish behavior around navigate the critical years with confidence pack their teenager's bags with what they need for life now and in the future become the major difference maker in their teenager's life Teenagers can successfully face the many temptations of adolescence and grow up to be great adults. And parents, Dr. Leman says, are the ones who can make all the difference, because they count far more in their teenager's life than they'll ever know . . . even if their teenager won't admit it (at least until she's in college and wants to know how to do the laundry).

The Teen Interpreter: A Guide to the Challenges and Joys of Raising Adolescents

Download The Teen Interpreter: A Guide to the Challenges and Joys of Raising Adolescents PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 1324006528
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (24 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Teen Interpreter: A Guide to the Challenges and Joys of Raising Adolescents by : Terri Apter

Download or read book The Teen Interpreter: A Guide to the Challenges and Joys of Raising Adolescents written by Terri Apter and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Teen Interpreter is a generous roadmap for enjoying the most challenging, and rewarding, parenting years. Once children hit adolescence, it seems as if overnight “I love you” becomes “leave me alone,” and any question from a parent can be dismissed with one word: “fine.” But while they may not show it, teenagers rely on their parents’ curiosity, delight, and connection to guide them through this period of exuberant growth as they navigate complex changes to their bodies, their thought processes, their social world, and their self-image. In The Teen Interpreter, psychologist Terri Apter looks into teens’ minds—minds that are experiencing powerful new emotions and awareness of the world around them—to show how parents can revitalize their relationship with their children. She illuminates the rapid neurological developments of a teen’s brain, along with their new, complex emotions, and offers strategies for disciplining unsafe actions constructively and empathetically. Apter includes up-to-the moment case studies that shed light on the anxieties and vulnerabilities that today’s teens face, and she thoughtfully explores the positives and pitfalls of social media. With perceptive conversation exercises that synthesize research from more than thirty years in the field, Apter illustrates how teens signal their changing needs and identities—and how parents can interpret these signals and see the world through their teens’ eyes. The Teen Interpreter is a generous roadmap for enjoying the most challenging, and rewarding, parenting years.

Identity Development

Download Identity Development PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 9780761929604
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (296 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Identity Development by : Jane Kroger

Download or read book Identity Development written by Jane Kroger and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2007 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of Identity Development: Adolescence Through Adulthood presents an overview of the five general theoretical orientations to the question of what constitutes identity, as well as the strengths and limitations of each approach. The volume then proceeds to describe key biological, psychological, and contextual issues during each phase of adolescence and adulthood.

How to Talk So Teens Will Listen and Listen So Teens Will Talk

Download How to Talk So Teens Will Listen and Listen So Teens Will Talk PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 0062046411
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis How to Talk So Teens Will Listen and Listen So Teens Will Talk by : Adele Faber

Download or read book How to Talk So Teens Will Listen and Listen So Teens Will Talk written by Adele Faber and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The renowned #1 New York Times bestselling authors share their advice and expertise with parents and teens in this accessible, indispensable guide to surviving adolescence. Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish transformed parenting with their breakthrough, bestselling books Siblings Without Rivalry and How to Talk So Kids Will Listen & Listen So Kids Will Talk. Now, they return with this essential guide that tackles the tough issues teens and parents face today. Filled with straightforward advice and written in their trademark, down-to-earth style sure to appeal to both parents and teens, this all-new volume offers both innovative, easy-to-implement suggestions and proven techniques to build the foundation for lasting relationships. From curfews and cliques to sex and drugs, it gives parents the tools to help their children safely navigate the often stormy years of adolescence.

Parenting Teens Simplified

Download Parenting Teens Simplified PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781492891048
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Parenting Teens Simplified by : Richard Powell

Download or read book Parenting Teens Simplified written by Richard Powell and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No child can be tied to his or her parents forever. Growing up is the definition of learning how to survive without parents. Due to this, it makes the task of parenting difficult and requires looking at this role with a critical eye and seeking better ways of parenting when dealing with teenager psychology and teen issues. The problem with teens growing up, for us, is the fact that we still want to be needed, while children no longer need us as much. All parents are hard wired to care and provide for children, while our children are hard wired to grow up and become independent. Parenting teen boys or parenting teen girls can be very challenging as you help them face this process. Teenager psychology and teen issues present a new set of challenges to any parent. On top of that, parenting teen boys is much different than parenting teen girls. Each gender has unique teenager problems that will arise and parents should be ready for it. Often the best way to learning is through teenagers parenting books. The main goal of this parenting teens book is to provide instructions on how to care for teens and show that you care in order to really parent the teen. Conflict is guaranteed when dealing with a teen, and it is considered healthy in any parent teen relationship. It helps teens to look at the ideas they have about the world when being challenged by a parent and this can be the stepping stone for what type of adult a teen turns into. For those who have dealt with teenager psychology and teen issues in the past, they realize that this is a journey that is full of ups and downs. For those who have not, beginning to prepare mentally for the challenges and frustrations or parenting teens ahead of time is a must. A teen has the ability to make a parent enraged, depressed, and more tired than any parent thought they would be, as you will learn in teenagers parenting books. There is an upside to parenting teens, though it is hard work. You should never let anyone tell you that raising a teen is easy, if this is the case, more than likely that parent is not doing their job right. However, there are times in which parenting teens is funny, fulfilling and allows parents to create a lifelong bond with their child as they deal with teenager psychology and teen issues together. The important thing to remember is that even as teens, children still need their parents. In reality, now is the time in which children need their parents more than ever. They are in the learning phases of life, and what they learn right now is going to affect their entire future. At this age, teens are going to act as though they could care less what their parents think, but deep down inside they care deeply. They will never admit this, and more than likely they may not realize it right now, but everything they do, they need to know a parent is there for them. Its important to remember that dealing with their own teenager psychology and teen issues is not easy for them either. Teenagers parenting books will help you come to realize this much faster. Through reading this parenting teens book, you will learn how to deal with the anxiety that most teenagers deal with, learn what the teen expects parents to do, how to ensure these teens grow into mature, healthy adults, dealing with conflicts during this time and a ton of useful information for this time period in a child's life. Grab your copy of Parenting Teens Simplified: How to Parent Teenagers with Love, Deal with Teen Issues & the Psychology Behind It today!

Angst of Adolescence

Download Angst of Adolescence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351862375
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Angst of Adolescence by : Sara Villanueva

Download or read book Angst of Adolescence written by Sara Villanueva and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Being a good parent is one of the most difficult, yet most rewarding, jobs a person can have in his or her lifetime. Being the parent of a teen is an especially daunting phase of the journey. As parents begin to notice the significant changes that come with adolescence (physical changes brought about by puberty, the constant angst and moodiness, and of course the classic eye-rolling and the I-know-it-all attitude), they wonder just what happened to their happy, sweet, and affectionate young boy or girl. Parents sit by amazed--and often lost and unprepared--as they witness their child morph and mutate into a full-blown pubescent display of emotions. The Angst of Adolescence: How to Parent Your Teen and Live to Laugh About It, written in a conversational, informative, humorous and relatable style, promises to deliver trustworthy resource for parents of teens who are searching for answers and guidance about how to maneuver their way through this tricky developmental period. Dr. Sara Villanueva, a prominent psychologist specializing in the adolescent years, shares relevant research findings so that parents can be informed of the facts as opposed to making assumptions based on ubiquitous but questionable sources. Most of all it will provide parents of teenagers with perspective in the midst of angst so they can come away with the sense that: * They are not alone in their experience of raising teens; many, many people have gone through it and we can all relate to and learn from one another. * Most of what your teen is feeling and expressing is normal and falls within the expected range of behavior for adolescent development. * Despite the challenges involved in parenting teens, we should take time to focus on the positive things in life and live with our child through the tough adolescent years so that we emerge on the other side with friendship and a deeper bond. As a psychologist and mother of four, the author shares both research-based and first-hand advice on how to navigate the teen years and live to laugh about it.

Pediatric Primary Care - E-Book

Download Pediatric Primary Care - E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323376835
Total Pages : 1435 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pediatric Primary Care - E-Book by : Catherine E. Burns

Download or read book Pediatric Primary Care - E-Book written by Catherine E. Burns and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-03-02 with total page 1435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get an in-depth look at pediatric primary care through the eyes of a Nurse Practitioner! Pediatric Primary Care, 6th Edition guides readers through the process of assessing, managing, and preventing health problems in infants, children, and adolescents. Key topics include developmental theory, issues of daily living, the health status of children today, and diversity and cultural considerations. This sixth edition also features a wealth of new content and updates — such as a new chapter on pediatric pharmacology, full-color design and illustrations, new QSEN integration, updated coverage of the impact of the Affordable Care Act, a refocused chapter on practice management, and more — to keep readers up to date on the latest issues affecting practice today. Comprehensive content provides a complete foundation in the primary care of children from the unique perspective of the Nurse Practitioner and covers the full spectrum of health conditions seen in the primary care of children, emphasizing both prevention and management. In-depth guidance on assessing and managing pediatric health problems covers patients from infancy through adolescence. Four-part organization includes 1) an introductory unit on the foundations of global pediatric health, child and family health assessment, and cultural perspectives for pediatric primary care; 2) a unit on managing child development; 3) a unit on health promotion and management; and 4) a unit on disease management. Content devoted to issues of daily living covers issues that are a part of every child's growth — such as nutrition and toilet training — that could lead to health problems unless appropriate education and guidance are given. Algorithms are used throughout the book to provide a concise overview of the evaluation and management of common disorders. Resources for providers and families are also included throughout the text for further information. Expert editor team well is well-versed in the scope of practice and knowledge base of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners (PNPs) and Family Nurse Practitioners (FNPs).