Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery?

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Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery? by : David Brion Davis

Download or read book Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery? written by David Brion Davis and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1970 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery?

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery? by : David Brion Davis

Download or read book Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery? written by David Brion Davis and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery by : David Brion Davis

Download or read book Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery written by David Brion Davis and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thomas Jefferson and the Fight against Slavery

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Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 0700635971
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Thomas Jefferson and the Fight against Slavery by : Cara Rogers Stevens

Download or read book Thomas Jefferson and the Fight against Slavery written by Cara Rogers Stevens and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2024-01-29 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this groundbreaking work, Cara Rogers Stevens examines the fascinating life of Thomas Jefferson’s book, Notes on the State of Virginia, from its innocuous composition in the early 1780s to its use as a political weapon by both pro- and antislavery forces in the early nineteenth century. Initially written as a brief statistical introduction to Virginia for French readers, Jefferson’s book evolved to become his comprehensive statement on almost all facets of the state’s natural and political realms. As part of an antislavery education strategy, Jefferson also decided to include a treatise on the nature of racial difference, as well as a manifesto on the corrupting power of slavery in a republic and a plan for emancipation and colonization. In consequence, his book—for better or worse—defined the boundaries of future debates over the place of African-descended people in American society. Although historians have rightly criticized Jefferson for his racism and failure to free his own slaves, his antislavery intentions for the Notes have received only cursory notice, partly because the original manuscript was not available for detailed examination until recently. By analyzing Jefferson’s complex revision process, Thomas Jefferson and the Fight against Slavery traces the evolution of Jefferson’s views on race and slavery as he considered how best to persuade younger slaveholders to embrace emancipation. Rogers Stevens then moves beyond Jefferson to examine contemporary responses to the Notes from white and black intellectuals and politicians, concluding with an attempt by Jefferson’s grandson to implement elements of the Notes’s emancipation plan during Virginia’s 1831–1832 slavery debates.

Thomas Jefferson and Slavery - Was He Really an Opponent of the Institution?

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Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638896552
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (388 download)

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Book Synopsis Thomas Jefferson and Slavery - Was He Really an Opponent of the Institution? by : Franziska Massner

Download or read book Thomas Jefferson and Slavery - Was He Really an Opponent of the Institution? written by Franziska Massner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject American Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 2,0, University of Potsdam, 8 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction "We hold these truth to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. [...]" These are the words Thomas Jefferson became famous for. For many people he is the father of liberty in the United States. What most people forget is that at Jefferson ́s time "all" meant only the white society. His words did not include blacks. The man who proclaimed liberty already possessed over 150 slaves when he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Throughout his life he always condemned slavery in theory, but in practice he died as a slaveowner, having done nothing to ensure the right of liberty to them. Jefferson ́s ideas about slavery were complex and ambiguous. On the one hand, his words were those of an abolitionist who would do everything to end slavery. On the other hand, he was only an ordinary slaveowner who bought and sold slaves and never tried to end slavery seriously. In fact, Jefferson did many things for his country people rightly admire him for. He helped to create and build the United States and used his political power to establish democracy and freedom among his people. But when it comes to slavery, there is nothing really to admire about Jefferson. He proposed liberty, but stayed a slaveowner during his life. This paper will deal with Thomas Jefferson ́s attitude towards slavery. It will show that he never really acted on his words and try to explain the reasons for his inactivity. Therefore it is necessary to speak about the economic and political background of Jefferson ́s time as well as his attitude towards blacks as a race first. The second part will show why Jefferson condemned slavery theoretically and for what reasons

Notes on the State of Virginia

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.R/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Notes on the State of Virginia by : Thomas Jefferson

Download or read book Notes on the State of Virginia written by Thomas Jefferson and published by . This book was released on 1787 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery? An Inaugural Lecture Delivered Before the Univ. of Oxford on 18 Febr. 1970

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery? An Inaugural Lecture Delivered Before the Univ. of Oxford on 18 Febr. 1970 by : David Brian Davis

Download or read book Was Thomas Jefferson an Authentic Enemy of Slavery? An Inaugural Lecture Delivered Before the Univ. of Oxford on 18 Febr. 1970 written by David Brian Davis and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

These People are to be Free

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780700635986
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis These People are to be Free by : Cara J. Rogers

Download or read book These People are to be Free written by Cara J. Rogers and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this groundbreaking work, Cara Rogers examines the fascinating early life of Thomas Jefferson's book, Notes on the State of Virginia, from its innocuous composition in the early 1780s to its appropriation as a political weapon by both pro- and antislavery forces in the early nineteenth century. Initially written as a statistical introduction to Virginia for French readers, Jefferson's book evolved into an intellectual tour de force that covered almost all facets of the state's natural and political realms. As part of an antislavery education strategy, Jefferson also decided to include a treatise on the nature of racial difference, as well as a manifesto on the corrupting power of slavery in a republic and a plan for emancipation and colonization. In consequence, his book--for better or worse--defined the boundaries of future debates over the place of Black people in American society. Although historians have rightly criticized Jefferson for his racism and failure to free his own slaves, his antislavery intentions for the Notes have received only cursory notice, partly because the original manuscript was not available for detailed examination until recently. By analyzing Jefferson's complex revision process, this book traces the ways his views on race and slavery evolved as he considered how best to persuade younger slaveholders to embrace emancipation. It then moves beyond Jefferson to examine contemporary responses to the Notes from white and Black intellectuals and politicians, concluding with an attempt by Jefferson's grandson to implement elements of the Notes's emancipation plan during Virginia's 1831-1832 slavery debates"--

The Transformation of Thomas Jefferson

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Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781499229035
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis The Transformation of Thomas Jefferson by : George Coussoulos

Download or read book The Transformation of Thomas Jefferson written by George Coussoulos and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Transformation of Thomas Jefferson: The Dilemma of Slavery A Speculative FictionThomas Jefferson spoke out against slavery in no uncertain terms. He considered it contrary to the laws of nature that decreed everyone had a right to personal liberty. He called the institution an "abominable crime," an “assemblage of horrors,” a "moral depravity," a "hideous blot," and a "fatal stain." Early in his political career Jefferson took actions that he hoped would end in slavery's abolition. In his 1776 draft of Virginia Constitution he wrote "No person hereafter coming into this country shall be held within the same in slavery under any pretext whatever.” He further advocated a plan of gradual emancipation, by which all born into slavery after a certain date would be declared free. In 1784 he proposed an ordinance banning slavery in the new territories of the Northwest. This act in itself could have set the precedent for all future territories but it failed to pass in Congress by one single vote. If Jefferson had died in 1785, he would be remembered as an antislavery hero, as one of the first pivotal figures to advocate specific measures for eradicating slavery. After that time, however, Jefferson made no public statements on American slavery nor did he take any significant public action to change the course of his state or his nation – or of his own slavery dependant lifestyle.Countless articles and scores of books have been written trying to explain the inconsistencies between Jefferson's words and actions in regard to slavery. We know that during his 83 years he took no action that altered the institution. Yet one cannot help but wonder - what if? What if the great man had altered the course of his life? What if Thomas Jefferson had become an advocate for the free men and women of color who populated the southern states in the first quarter of the nineteenth century? What if he had first-hand knowledge of the accomplishments and economic successes of scores of free blacks? What if the race of people whose intelligence and ambition he had questioned were shown in successful commercial enterprises in existing free black communities? What if a person he highly respected had influenced Jefferson to become involved with advocacy for these free people of color, and further demonstrated viable plans for eradicating slavery itself? Might the course of history have been changed if the spirit of Jefferson's most famous words, “all men are created equal” had been transformed into sponsorship and action? Could the aura and influence of a transformed Jefferson be persuasive enough to influence the nation's other nineteenth century leaders? Could solutions be found to impact the divergent views and animosities of northern abolitionists and southern apologists? Ultimately, could a path toward the demise of slavery become a reality during Jefferson's lifetime? And could such efforts preclude the inevitability of a cataclysmic civil war?Of course, a story based on these “what ifs” is but speculative fiction. And as a work of fiction what is its intent? Is it a reaction to 21st century critique that lowers the pedestals of founding fathers who are seen as hypocrites for their ownership of slaves? Is there an attempt to gloss over the tragedy and inhumanity of slavery in order to justify monuments made to mere mortals? Or does the fiction create an appreciation for the rhythms and realities of the19th century? If the book is compelling enough to cause the reader pause in considering any of these questions, it will meet its intended purpose.

Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings

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Publisher : University of Virginia Press
ISBN 13 : 0813933560
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings by : Annette Gordon-Reed

Download or read book Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings written by Annette Gordon-Reed and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 1998-03-29 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Annette Gordon-Reed's groundbreaking study was first published, rumors of Thomas Jefferson's sexual involvement with his slave Sally Hemings had circulated for two centuries. Among all aspects of Jefferson's renowned life, it was perhaps the most hotly contested topic. The publication of Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings intensified this debate by identifying glaring inconsistencies in many noted scholars' evaluations of the existing evidence. In this study, Gordon-Reed assembles a fascinating and convincing argument: not that the alleged thirty-eight-year liaison necessarily took place but rather that the evidence for its taking place has been denied a fair hearing. Friends of Jefferson sought to debunk the Hemings story as early as 1800, and most subsequent historians and biographers followed suit, finding the affair unthinkable based upon their view of Jefferson's life, character, and beliefs. Gordon-Reed responds to these critics by pointing out numerous errors and prejudices in their writings, ranging from inaccurate citations, to impossible time lines, to virtual exclusions of evidence—especially evidence concerning the Hemings family. She demonstrates how these scholars may have been misguided by their own biases and may even have tailored evidence to serve and preserve their opinions of Jefferson. This updated edition of the book also includes an afterword in which the author comments on the DNA study that provided further evidence of a Jefferson and Hemings liaison. Possessing both a layperson's unfettered curiosity and a lawyer's logical mind, Annette Gordon-Reed writes with a style and compassion that are irresistible. Each chapter revolves around a key figure in the Hemings drama, and the resulting portraits are engrossing and very personal. Gordon-Reed also brings a keen intuitive sense of the psychological complexities of human relationships—relationships that, in the real world, often develop regardless of status or race. The most compelling element of all, however, is her extensive and careful research, which often allows the evidence to speak for itself. Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: An American Controversy is the definitive look at a centuries-old question that should fascinate general readers and historians alike.

Rightful Liberty

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780881468052
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Rightful Liberty by : Arthur Scherr

Download or read book Rightful Liberty written by Arthur Scherr and published by . This book was released on 2021-11 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jefferson's moral and political thought are more complex than they appear at first glance, consisting of two Jeffersons, and evolving from a natural law, universal Enlightenment ethos to a more cultural relativist perspective. RIGHTFUL LIBERTY explores themes and events overlooked by other Jefferson experts, such as his response to the English abolitionist Thomas Branagan; the formative influence of Montesquieu on the young Jefferson's opposition to slavery; a comparison of his attitudes to slavery and abolition with those of Edward Coles; his relationships with Black slaves and freedmen other than those of the well-known Hemings family; and a more nuanced perspective on his view of the Missouri Compromises of 1820 and 1821 than is found elsewhere. As speculations about Jefferson's personal life, often based on little evidence prevail, this volume examines him from a more wide-ranging perspective, discerning his moral, political, and religious thought in relation to his actions.

Draft of the Declaration of Independence

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Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781503031371
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Draft of the Declaration of Independence by : John Adams

Download or read book Draft of the Declaration of Independence written by John Adams and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Adams (October 30 1735 - July 4, 1826) was the second president of the United States (1797-1801), having earlier served as the first vice president of the United States (1789-1797). An American Founding Father, Adams was a statesman, diplomat, and a leading advocate of American independence from Great Britain. Well educated, he was an Enlightenment political theorist who promoted republicanism, as well as a strong central government, and wrote prolifically about his often seminal ideas-both in published works and in letters to his wife and key adviser Abigail Adams. Adams was a lifelong opponent of slavery, having never bought a slave. In 1770 he provided a principled, controversial, and successful legal defense to the British soldiers accused in the Boston Massacre, because he believed in the right to counsel and the "protect[ion] of innocence." Adams came to prominence in the early stages of the American Revolution. A lawyer and public figure in Boston, as a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress, he played a leading role in persuading Congress to declare independence. He assisted Thomas Jefferson in drafting the Declaration of Independence in 1776, and was its primary advocate in the Congress. Later, as a diplomat in Europe, he helped negotiate the eventual peace treaty with Great Britain, and was responsible for obtaining vital governmental loans from Amsterdam bankers. A political theorist and historian, Adams largely wrote the Massachusetts Constitution in 1780, which together with his earlier Thoughts on Government, influenced American political thought. One of his greatest roles was as a judge of character: in 1775, he nominated George Washington to be commander-in-chief, and 25 years later nominated John Marshall to be Chief Justice of the United States. Adams' revolutionary credentials secured him two terms as George Washington's vice president and his own election in 1796 as the second president. During his one term as president, he encountered ferocious attacks by the Jeffersonian Republicans, as well as the dominant faction in his own Federalist Party led by his bitter enemy Alexander Hamilton. Adams signed the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts, and built up the army and navy especially in the face of an undeclared naval war (called the "Quasi-War") with France, 1798-1800. The major accomplishment of his presidency was his peaceful resolution of the conflict in the face of Hamilton's opposition. In 1800, Adams was defeated for re-election by Thomas Jefferson and retired to Massachusetts. He later resumed his friendship with Jefferson. He and his wife founded an accomplished family line of politicians, diplomats, and historians now referred to as the Adams political family. Adams was the father of John Quincy Adams, the sixth President of the United States. His achievements have received greater recognition in modern times, though his contributions were not initially as celebrated as those of other Founders. Adams was the first U.S. president to reside in the executive mansion that eventually became known as the White House.

Rethinking Thomas Jefferson’s Writings on Slavery and Race

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Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1527545199
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Thomas Jefferson’s Writings on Slavery and Race by : M. Andrew Holowchak

Download or read book Rethinking Thomas Jefferson’s Writings on Slavery and Race written by M. Andrew Holowchak and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revisionism has been the historical vogue for well over two decades concerning Jeffersonian scholarship. This movement has been an attempt to neutralize the avowed “hagiographical” scholarship on Jefferson by aiming to offer an all-too-human Thomas Jefferson. The regrettable result has been a depiction, iterated and reiterated uncritically by scholars, of a less-than-human Jefferson, presenting him as an inveterate hypocrite and racist. Thus, Jeffersonian scholarship, as argued here, has become an exercise in useless, fatuous repetition of the same claims that has impeded attempts by serious scholars to gain fresh insights into the mind of one of the greatest Americans. This book offers a stimulating, provocative challenge to the stale revisionist claims on Jefferson concerning his hypocrisy and racism. It will appeal to mavens of Jefferson, as well as scholars intent on moving forward with Jeffersonian scholarship. The book will also appeal to those persons who believe it is time to resituate Jefferson on his little mountain.

"Most Blessed of the Patriarchs": Thomas Jefferson and the Empire of the Imagination

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Author :
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 1631490788
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis "Most Blessed of the Patriarchs": Thomas Jefferson and the Empire of the Imagination by : Annette Gordon-Reed

Download or read book "Most Blessed of the Patriarchs": Thomas Jefferson and the Empire of the Imagination written by Annette Gordon-Reed and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2016-04-13 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York Times Bestseller Named one of the Best Books of the Year by the San Francisco Chronicle Finalist for the George Washington Prize Finalist for the Library of Virginia Literary Award A New York Times Book Review Editors’ Choice Selection "An important book…[R]ichly rewarding. It is full of fascinating insights about Jefferson." —Gordon S. Wood, New York Review of Books Hailed by critics and embraced by readers, "Most Blessed of the Patriarchs" is one of the richest and most insightful accounts of Thomas Jefferson in a generation. Following her Pulitzer Prize–winning The Hemingses of Monticello¸ Annette Gordon-Reed has teamed with Peter S. Onuf to present a provocative and absorbing character study, "a fresh and layered analysis" (New York Times Book Review) that reveals our third president as "a dynamic, complex and oftentimes contradictory human being" (Chicago Tribune). Gordon-Reed and Onuf fundamentally challenge much of what we thought we knew, and through their painstaking research and vivid prose create a portrait of Jefferson, as he might have painted himself, one "comprised of equal parts sun and shadow" (Jane Kamensky).

The Wolf by the Ears

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Publisher : Plume Books
ISBN 13 : 9780452005303
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis The Wolf by the Ears by : John Chester Miller

Download or read book The Wolf by the Ears written by John Chester Miller and published by Plume Books. This book was released on 1980 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832

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Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393241424
Total Pages : 585 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis The Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832 by : Alan Taylor

Download or read book The Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832 written by Alan Taylor and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2013-09-09 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Pulitzer Prize for History Finalist for the National Book Award Finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize "Impressively researched and beautifully crafted…a brilliant account of slavery in Virginia during and after the Revolution." —Mark M. Smith, Wall Street Journal Frederick Douglass recalled that slaves living along Chesapeake Bay longingly viewed sailing ships as "freedom’s swift-winged angels." In 1813 those angels appeared in the bay as British warships coming to punish the Americans for declaring war on the empire. Over many nights, hundreds of slaves paddled out to the warships seeking protection for their families from the ravages of slavery. The runaways pressured the British admirals into becoming liberators. As guides, pilots, sailors, and marines, the former slaves used their intimate knowledge of the countryside to transform the war. They enabled the British to escalate their onshore attacks and to capture and burn Washington, D.C. Tidewater masters had long dreaded their slaves as "an internal enemy." By mobilizing that enemy, the war ignited the deepest fears of Chesapeake slaveholders. It also alienated Virginians from a national government that had neglected their defense. Instead they turned south, their interests aligning more and more with their section. In 1820 Thomas Jefferson observed of sectionalism: "Like a firebell in the night [it] awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it at once the knell of the union." The notes of alarm in Jefferson's comment speak of the fear aroused by the recent crisis over slavery in his home state. His vision of a cataclysm to come proved prescient. Jefferson's startling observation registered a turn in the nation’s course, a pivot from the national purpose of the founding toward the threat of disunion. Drawn from new sources, Alan Taylor's riveting narrative re-creates the events that inspired black Virginians, haunted slaveholders, and set the nation on a new and dangerous course.

Master of the Mountain

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Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 1466827785
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis Master of the Mountain by : Henry Wiencek

Download or read book Master of the Mountain written by Henry Wiencek and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2012-10-16 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there anything new to say about Thomas Jefferson and slavery? The answer is a resounding yes. Master of the Mountain, Henry Wiencek's eloquent, persuasive book—based on new information coming from archaeological work at Monticello and on hitherto overlooked or disregarded evidence in Jefferson's papers—opens up a huge, poorly understood dimension of Jefferson's world. We must, Wiencek suggests, follow the money. So far, historians have offered only easy irony or paradox to explain this extraordinary Founding Father who was an emancipationist in his youth and then recoiled from his own inspiring rhetoric and equivocated about slavery; who enjoyed his renown as a revolutionary leader yet kept some of his own children as slaves. But Wiencek's Jefferson is a man of business and public affairs who makes a success of his debt-ridden plantation thanks to what he calls the "silent profits" gained from his slaves—and thanks to a skewed moral universe that he and thousands of others readily inhabited. We see Jefferson taking out a slave-equity line of credit with a Dutch bank to finance the building of Monticello and deftly creating smoke screens when visitors are dismayed by his apparent endorsement of a system they thought he'd vowed to overturn. It is not a pretty story. Slave boys are whipped to make them work in the nail factory at Monticello that pays Jefferson's grocery bills. Parents are divided from children—in his ledgers they are recast as money—while he composes theories that obscure the dynamics of what some of his friends call "a vile commerce." Many people of Jefferson's time saw a catastrophe coming and tried to stop it, but not Jefferson. The pursuit of happiness had been badly distorted, and an oligarchy was getting very rich. Is this the quintessential American story?