Warfare In Neolithic Europe

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Warfare in Neolithic Europe

Author : Julian Maxwell Heath
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1473879876
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

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Book Synopsis Warfare in Neolithic Europe by : Julian Maxwell Heath

Download or read book Warfare in Neolithic Europe written by Julian Maxwell Heath and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2017-07-31 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neolithic ('New Stone Age') marks the time when the prehistoric communities of Europe turned their backs on the hunter-gatherer lifestyle that they had followed for many thousands of years, and instead, became farmers. The significance of this switch from a lifestyle that had been based on the hunting and gathering of wild food resources, to one that involved the growing of crops and raising livestock, cannot be underestimated. Although it was a complex process that varied from place to place, there can be little doubt that it was during the Neolithic that the foundations for the incredibly complex modern societies in which we live today were laid. However, we would be wrong to think that the first farming communities of Europe were in tune with nature and each other, as there is a considerable (and growing) body of archaeological data that is indicative of episodes of warfare between these communities. This evidence should not be taken as proof that warfare was endemic across Neolithic Europe, but it does strongly suggest that it was more common than some scholars have proposed.Furthermore, the words of the seventeenth-century English philosopher, Thomas Hobbes, who famously described prehistoric life as 'nasty, brutish, and short', seem rather apt in light of some of the archaeological discoveries from the European Neolithic.

Warfare in Bronze Age Society

Author : Christian Horn
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316949222
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (169 download)

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Book Synopsis Warfare in Bronze Age Society by : Christian Horn

Download or read book Warfare in Bronze Age Society written by Christian Horn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warfare in Bronze Age Society takes a fresh look at warfare and its role in reshaping Bronze Age society. The Bronze Age represents the global emergence of a militarized society with a martial culture, materialized in a package of new efficient weapons that remained in use for millennia to come. Warfare became institutionalized and professionalized during the Bronze Age, and a new class of warriors made their appearance. Evidence for this development is reflected in the ostentatious display of weapons in burials and hoards, and in iconography, from rock art to palace frescoes. These new manifestations of martial culture constructed the warrior as a 'Hero' and warfare as 'Heroic'. The case studies, written by an international team of scholars, discuss these and other new aspects of Bronze Age warfare. Moreover, the essays show that warriors also facilitated mobility and innovation as new weapons would have quickly spread from the Mediterranean to northern Europe.

The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe

Author : Chris Fowler
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191666890
Total Pages : 1303 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe by : Chris Fowler

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe written by Chris Fowler and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 1303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neolithic --a period in which the first sedentary agrarian communities were established across much of Europe--has been a key topic of archaeological research for over a century. However, the variety of evidence across Europe, the range of languages in which research is carried out, and the way research traditions in different countries have developed makes it very difficult for both students and specialists to gain an overview of continent-wide trends. The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe provides the first comprehensive, geographically extensive, thematic overview of the European Neolithic --from Iberia to Russia and from Norway to Malta --offering both a general introduction and a clear exploration of key issues and current debates surrounding evidence and interpretation. Chapters written by leading experts in the field examine topics such as the movement of plants, animals, ideas, and people (including recent trends in the application of genetics and isotope analyses); cultural change (from the first appearance of farming to the first metal artefacts); domestic architecture; subsistence; material culture; monuments; and burial and other treatments of the dead. In doing so, the volume also considers the history of research and sets out agendas and themes for future work in the field.

Prehistoric Warfare and Violence

Author : Andrea Dolfini
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319788280
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Prehistoric Warfare and Violence by : Andrea Dolfini

Download or read book Prehistoric Warfare and Violence written by Andrea Dolfini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-20 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to explore prehistoric warfare and violence by integrating qualitative research methods with quantitative, scientific techniques of analysis such as paleopathology, morphometry, wear analysis, and experimental archaeology. It investigates early warfare and violence from the standpoint of four broad interdisciplinary themes: skeletal markers of violence and weapon training; conflict in prehistoric rock-art; the material culture of conflict; and intergroup violence in archaeological discourse. The book has a wide-ranging chronological and geographic scope, from early Neolithic to late Iron Age and from Western Europe to East Asia. It includes world-renowned sites and artefact collections such as the Tollense Valley Bronze Age battlefield (Germany), the UNESCO World Heritage Site at Tanum (Sweden), and the British Museum collection of bronze weaponry from the late Shang period (China). Original case studies are presented in each section by a diverse international authorship. The study of warfare and violence in prehistoric and pre-literate societies has been at the forefront of archaeological debate since the publication of Keeley’s provocative monograph ‘War Before Civilization’ (Oxford 1996). The problem has been approached from a number of standpoints including anthropological and behavioural studies of interpersonal violence, osteological examinations of sharp lesions and blunt-force traumas, wear analysis of ancient weaponry, and field experiments with replica weapons and armour. This research, however, is often confined within the boundaries of the various disciplines and specialist fields. In particular, a gap can often be detected between the research approaches grounded in the humanities and social sciences and those based on the archaeological sciences. The consequence is that, to this day, the subject is dominated by a number of undemonstrated assumptions regarding the nature of warfare, combat, and violence in non-literate societies. Moreover, important methodological questions remain unanswered: can we securely distinguish between violence-related and accidental trauma on skeletal remains? To what extent can wear analysis shed light on long-forgotten fighting styles? Can we design meaningful combat tests based on historic martial arts? And can the study of rock-art unlock the social realities of prehistoric warfare? By breaking the mould of entrenched subject boundaries, this edited volume promotes interdisciplinary debate in the study of prehistoric warfare and violence by presenting a number of innovative approaches that integrate qualitative and quantitative methods of research and analysis.

War Before Civilization

Author : Lawrence H. Keeley
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199880700
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis War Before Civilization by : Lawrence H. Keeley

Download or read book War Before Civilization written by Lawrence H. Keeley and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1997-12-18 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The myth of the peace-loving "noble savage" is persistent and pernicious. Indeed, for the last fifty years, most popular and scholarly works have agreed that prehistoric warfare was rare, harmless, unimportant, and, like smallpox, a disease of civilized societies alone. Prehistoric warfare, according to this view, was little more than a ritualized game, where casualties were limited and the effects of aggression relatively mild. Lawrence Keeley's groundbreaking War Before Civilization offers a devastating rebuttal to such comfortable myths and debunks the notion that warfare was introduced to primitive societies through contact with civilization (an idea he denounces as "the pacification of the past"). Building on much fascinating archeological and historical research and offering an astute comparison of warfare in civilized and prehistoric societies, from modern European states to the Plains Indians of North America, War Before Civilization convincingly demonstrates that prehistoric warfare was in fact more deadly, more frequent, and more ruthless than modern war. To support this point, Keeley provides a wide-ranging look at warfare and brutality in the prehistoric world. He reveals, for instance, that prehistorical tactics favoring raids and ambushes, as opposed to formal battles, often yielded a high death-rate; that adult males falling into the hands of their enemies were almost universally killed; and that surprise raids seldom spared even women and children. Keeley cites evidence of ancient massacres in many areas of the world, including the discovery in South Dakota of a prehistoric mass grave containing the remains of over 500 scalped and mutilated men, women, and children (a slaughter that took place a century and a half before the arrival of Columbus). In addition, Keeley surveys the prevalence of looting, destruction, and trophy-taking in all kinds of warfare and again finds little moral distinction between ancient warriors and civilized armies. Finally, and perhaps most controversially, he examines the evidence of cannibalism among some preliterate peoples. Keeley is a seasoned writer and his book is packed with vivid, eye-opening details (for instance, that the homicide rate of prehistoric Illinois villagers may have exceeded that of the modern United States by some 70 times). But he also goes beyond grisly facts to address the larger moral and philosophical issues raised by his work. What are the causes of war? Are human beings inherently violent? How can we ensure peace in our own time? Challenging some of our most dearly held beliefs, Keeley's conclusions are bound to stir controversy.

Warriors and Weapons in Bronze Age Europe

Author : A. F. Harding
Publisher : Archaeolingua
ISBN 13 : 9789638046864
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (468 download)

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Book Synopsis Warriors and Weapons in Bronze Age Europe by : A. F. Harding

Download or read book Warriors and Weapons in Bronze Age Europe written by A. F. Harding and published by Archaeolingua. This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bronze Age of Europe was a time of major changes in society, economy and technology. One of these was the emergence of a warrior class, equipped with a new set of artefacts that can for the first time be called weapons. This book discusses the evidence for the existence of these warriors, and the stages by which they emerged from the Neolithic and Copper Ages, when farming was the main means of subsistence but hunting was also a prestige activity. From beginnings when dagger graves were the norm, in the Early Bronze Age, to the appearance of lavishly equipped sword graves, complete with armour and items for personal adornment, in the Late Bronze Age, the book charts the rise of warrior elites in Europe over the period ca 2500 to 700 BC, drawing on the specific evidence of weapon distributions and deposition contexts. It considers the rise of fortified hilltop sites, and the evidence for territorial organisation based on them. The emergence of warrior bands, with a fighting mode based on inter-group raiding, is seen as a major component of aggression in the later stages of the Bronze Age. This is coupled with a consideration of what such aggression should be called (whether warfare or something else), and how to identify it from the evidence of prehistoric archaeology.

Ancient Warfare

Author : John Carman
Publisher : The History Press
ISBN 13 : 0752495216
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (524 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient Warfare by : John Carman

Download or read book Ancient Warfare written by John Carman and published by The History Press. This book was released on 2009-11-16 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ambitious and innovative book sets out to establish a new understanding of human aggression and conflict in the distant past. Examining the evidence of warfare in prehistoric times and in the early historical period, John Carman and Anthony Harding throw fresh light on the motives and methods of the combatants. This study marks a significant new step in this fascinating and neglected subject, and sets the agenda for many years to come. By integrating archaeological and documentary research, the contributors seek to explain why some sides gained and others lost in battle and examine the impact of warfare on the social and political developments of early chiefdoms and states. Their conclusions suggest a new interpretation of the evolution of warfare from the Stone Age and the Bronze Age, through the military practice of the Ancient Greeks and the Romans, to the conflicts of the Anglo-Saxons and of medieval Europe.

European Prehistory

Author : Sarunas Milisauskas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461507510
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis European Prehistory by : Sarunas Milisauskas

Download or read book European Prehistory written by Sarunas Milisauskas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sarunas Milisauskas· 1.1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this book is four-fold: to introduce English-speaking students and scholars to some of the outstanding archaeological research that has been done in Europe in recent years; to integrate this research into an anthropological frame of reference; to address episodes of culture change such as the transition to farming; the origin of complex societies, and the origin of urbanism, and to provide an overview of European prehistory from the earliest appearance of humans to the rise of the Roman empire. In 1978, the Academic Press published my book European Prehistory which, typically for that period, emphasized cultural evolution, culture process, technology, environment, and economy. To produce a new version and an up- to-date prehistory of Europe, I have invited contributions from specialists in the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages. Thus while this version of European Prehistory is a new book, however, it still incorporates some data from the 1978 version, particularly in The Present Environment and Neolithic chapters. Like its predecessor, this edition is structured around selected general topics, such as technology, trade, settlement, warfare, and ritual.

The Origins of War

Author : Jean Guilaine
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470775394
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of War by : Jean Guilaine

Download or read book The Origins of War written by Jean Guilaine and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stretching across continents and centuries, The Origins of War: Violence in Prehistory provides a fascinating examination of executions, torture, ritual sacrifices, and other acts of violence committed in the prehistoric world. Written as an accessible guide to the nature of life in prehistory and to the underpinnings of human violence. Combines symbolic interpretations of archaeological remains with a medical understanding of violent acts. Written by an eminent prehistorian and a respected medical doctor.

Enclosures in Neolithic Europe

Author : G. Varndell
Publisher : Oxbow Books
ISBN 13 : 1785705237
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (857 download)

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Book Synopsis Enclosures in Neolithic Europe by : G. Varndell

Download or read book Enclosures in Neolithic Europe written by G. Varndell and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These papers come from a conference on Neolithic Causewayed Enclosures in Europe held in London in 1999. They present a series of snapshots of some of the sites and regions at the forefront of current research on causewayed enclosures in Europe, and as such are a complement to the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England (RCHME) project which has systematically recorded all known Neolithic enclosures in England by both analytical topographic survey techniques and aerial transcription. The detailed regional data collected by the RCHME project has allowed a radical reinterpretation of these sites and the recognition that there are regional groups of enclosures. This series of papers serves to broaden the discussion about the structure and form of causewayed monuments beyond lowland England, looking at a wide geographical range of sites across central Europe, as well as considering some sites which do not conform to the traditional type but which have been proved by excavation to have a Neolithic context. This collection of papers provides a long-awaited and important addition to the debate on these enigmatic prehistoric sites.

First Kings of Europe

Author : Attila Gyucha
Publisher : Cotsen Institute of Archaeology
ISBN 13 : 9781950446247
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis First Kings of Europe by : Attila Gyucha

Download or read book First Kings of Europe written by Attila Gyucha and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology. This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is a copublication of The Cotsen Institute of Archaeology and The Field Museum"--Copyright page.

After the Ice

Author : Steven J. Mithen
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674019997
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis After the Ice by : Steven J. Mithen

Download or read book After the Ice written by Steven J. Mithen and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Drawing on the latest research in archaeology, human genetics, and environmental science, After The Life takes the reader on a sweeping tour of 15,000 years of human history."--Cover.

Europe before Rome

Author : T. Douglas Price
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199986827
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Europe before Rome by : T. Douglas Price

Download or read book Europe before Rome written by T. Douglas Price and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-09 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Werner Herzog's 2011 film Cave of Forgotten Dreams, about the painted caves at Chauvet, France brought a glimpse of Europe's extraordinary prehistory to a popular audience. But paleolithic cave paintings, stunning as they are, form just a part of a story that begins with the arrival of the first humans to Europe 1.3 million years ago, and culminates in the achievements of Greece and Rome. In Europe before Rome, T. Douglas Price takes readers on a guided tour through dozens of the most important prehistoric sites on the continent, from very recent discoveries to some of the most famous and puzzling places in the world, like Chauvet, Stonehenge, and Knossos. This volume focuses on more than 60 sites, organized chronologically according to their archaeological time period and accompanied by 200 illustrations, including numerous color photographs, maps, and drawings. Our understanding of prehistoric European archaeology has been almost completely rewritten in the last 25 years with a series of major findings from virtually every time period, such as Ötzi the Iceman, the discoveries at Atapuerca, and evidence of a much earlier eruption at Mt. Vesuvius. Many of the sites explored in the book offer the earliest European evidence we have of the typical features of human society--tool making, hunting, cooking, burial practices, agriculture, and warfare. Introductory prologues to each chapter provide context for the wider changes in human behavior and society in the time period, while the author's concluding remarks offer expert reflections on the enduring significance of these places. Tracing the evolution of human society in Europe across more than a million years, Europe before Rome gives readers a vivid portrait of life for prehistoric man and woman.

The Cambridge World History of Violence: Volume 1, The Prehistoric and Ancient Worlds

Author : Garrett G. Fagan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108882900
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge World History of Violence: Volume 1, The Prehistoric and Ancient Worlds by : Garrett G. Fagan

Download or read book The Cambridge World History of Violence: Volume 1, The Prehistoric and Ancient Worlds written by Garrett G. Fagan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first in a four-volume set, The Cambridge World History of Violence, Volume 1 provides a comprehensive examination of violence in prehistory and the ancient world. Covering the Palaeolithic through to the end of classical antiquity, the chapters take a global perspective spanning sub-Saharan Africa, the Near East, Europe, India, China, Japan and Central America. Unlike many previous works, this book does not focus only on warfare but examines violence as a broader phenomenon. The historical approach complements, and in some cases critiques, previous research on the anthropology and psychology of violence in the human story. Written by a team of contributors who are experts in each of their respective fields, Volume 1 will be of particular interest to anyone fascinated by archaeology and the ancient world.

War and Sacrifice

Author : Tony Pollard
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004154582
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis War and Sacrifice by : Tony Pollard

Download or read book War and Sacrifice written by Tony Pollard and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers on the archaeology of conflict covers a wide range in both time and space, running from Sub-Neolithic Finland to early Modern Ireland. The papers include a diverse series of approaches to the study of conflict, using excavation, osteology, artefacts and linguistics.

The Dawn of European Civilization

Author : Vere Gordon Childe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dawn of European Civilization by : Vere Gordon Childe

Download or read book The Dawn of European Civilization written by Vere Gordon Childe and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bronze Age Warfare

Author : International Workshop on Warfare in Bronze Age Europe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781407308227
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Bronze Age Warfare by : International Workshop on Warfare in Bronze Age Europe

Download or read book Bronze Age Warfare written by International Workshop on Warfare in Bronze Age Europe and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume presents the outcome of two meetings: the international workshop on Warfare in Bronze Age Europe: manufacture and use of weaponry, an interdisciplinary research on technology and utilisation of archaeological finds, held in Vienna ... from the 30th October to 1st November 2009 and the session New approaches on studying weaponry of the European bronze age held at the 15th annual meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists (EAA) in Riva del Garda, Italy, on the 17th September 2009"--Pref.