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War On Terror How Discourse Changed After 9 11
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Book Synopsis War on Terror - How Discourse changed after 9/11 by : Antje Holtmann
Download or read book War on Terror - How Discourse changed after 9/11 written by Antje Holtmann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-04-08 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, grade: 1,7, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald (Anglistik), course: Discourse Analysis, language: English, abstract: [...] The discourse he (re)started, continued or resumed on “shaped public discussion and debate surrounding terrorism worldwide”. '9/11' has become a term everybody understands “in its conventional sense, as a realm of creative expression” as Daniel J. Sherman and Terry Nardin point out in their book Terror, Culture, Politics: Rethinking 9/11. Also Shana Kushner and Amy Gershkoff say that '9/11' has become an “ideograph in the sense that the historical event represents an attack on the beliefs, values, attitudes and “way of life” within the United States”. Not only in the English language '9/11' has become a “dictum” but in many others, too. In this term paper I want to take a closer look on the speech President Bush delivered on September 20, 2001 as State of the Union Address to a joint session of Congress. In my analysis I will go through the speech step by step in order to figure out the main points Bush is making. From there I want to continue with its effects and influence on the discourse about 'war on terror'. I am mainly referring to Norman Fairclough and his interpretations in Language and Globalization and also to Kevin Coe et al. and their study No Shades of Gray. With the help of these publications I want to emphasize the impact and the aftermath of Bush's discourse as well in media as in society.
Book Synopsis Selling the War on Terror by : Jack Holland
Download or read book Selling the War on Terror written by Jack Holland and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers the principal members of Coalition of the Willing in Afghanistan &Iraq: the United States, Britain & Australia. Despite significant cultural, historical and political overlap, the War on Terror was nevertheless rendered possible in these contexts in distinct ways, drawing on different discourses, narratives of foreign policy, identity.
Book Synopsis Discourse, War and Terrorism by : Adam Hodges
Download or read book Discourse, War and Terrorism written by Adam Hodges and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discourse since September 11, 2001 has constrained and shaped public discussion and debate surrounding terrorism worldwide. Social actors in the Americas, Europe, Asia, the Middle East and elsewhere employ the language of the war on terror to explain, react to, justify and understand a broad range of political, economic and social phenomena. Discourse, War and Terrorism explores the discursive production of identities, the shaping of ideologies, and the formation of collective understandings in response to 9/11 in the United States and around the world. At issue are how enemies are defined and identified, how political leaders and citizens react, and how members of societies understand their position in the world in relation to terrorism. Contributors to this volume represent diverse sub-fields involved in the critical study of language, including perspectives from sociocultural linguistics, communication, media, cultural and political studies.
Book Synopsis Language at War. A Critical Discourse Analysis by Speeches of Bush and Obama on War and Terrorism by : Martin Lausten
Download or read book Language at War. A Critical Discourse Analysis by Speeches of Bush and Obama on War and Terrorism written by Martin Lausten and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: A+, , course: Discourse and Society, language: English, abstract: On the basis of Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis this work will examine the discourse in two speeches by George W. Bush and Barack Obama to determine in what way they legitimize the War on Terror. Although speeches on terrorism have been part of American politics for a long time, since 2001 as a result of the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York, they seem to have become more important, both with ex-President Bush and the current President Obama. On the morning of September 11, 2001 the world changed with the terrorist attacks and then the political discourse surrounding the event changed our understanding of the event even further. The world witnessed a great act of terrorism. In the weeks, months, and years to come Bush gave a series of speeches in which he focused on terrorism, leading up to the coinage of the "Axis of evil". However, in his first post 9/11 speech, Bush's discourse categorized the terrorist as "evil", and in his first speech to Congress post 9/11 we hear for the first time the phrase "War on Terror". This phrase has come to define the presidency of George Bush. It was inherited and further refined by President Obama and has now also to a degree come to define his presidency. In September 2014 Obama held a speech on ISIL and declared them a terrorist organisation with barbaric values. Though 13 years had passed and a democratic President had replaced a Republican President, these words sounds very similar to some of the words which Bush used in his speech.
Book Synopsis 9/11, the War on Terror, and the Sociology of Mass Media by : Nickie Michaud Wild
Download or read book 9/11, the War on Terror, and the Sociology of Mass Media written by Nickie Michaud Wild and published by . This book was released on 2018-03-26 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 9/11, the War on Terror, and the Sociology of Mass Media explores the cultural and political impact of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, with particular emphasis on the media's role in constructing meanings in the wake of the tragedy. The carefully selected readings within this anthology tell the story of how 9/11 was "created"--that is, how the story of the event was told, and how it was not told. In providing students with a comprehensive overview of the various narratives constructed in the aftermath of a defining moment in U.S. history, the book sheds light on how government and media can shape stories, and how those stories contribute to our social reality. The book begins with a selection of articles and chapters that offer students a thorough explanation of the attacks themselves, as well as the effects they had on politics and other official publics. The readings in Part 2 of the text explore society's reaction to 9/11 and the wars it produced, with emphasis on the response of popular culture. Part 3 provides an understanding of the social and historical reasons as to why the attacks happened, both from the perspective of U.S. foreign policy and the terrorists who enacted the attack. The anthology closes with a section that takes a look at the lasting effects of the attacks, exploring cultural impact and the changing landscape of terrorist threats. By encouraging students to rationally explore and ask questions about an event that many feel they've been unable to examine critically before, 9/11, the War on Terror, and the Sociology of Mass Media allows them to exercise their citizenship, nationally and globally. This anthology is well suited for intermediate courses in the sociology of mass media and mass communication, as well as courses in terrorism and cultural sociology. Nickie Michaud Wild is a visiting assistant professor/lecturer of sociology at Mount Holyoke College. She earned her master's and doctorate degrees in sociology from the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee and the University at Albany, State University of New York, respectively. Dr. Michaud Wild is a faculty fellow at the Yale Center for Cultural Sociology. She has published articles about political humor in the American Journal of Cultural Sociology and the Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, and is currently working on a writing project about how comedy has become an increasingly integral part of the United States' political discourse.
Book Synopsis Writing the War on Terrorism by : Richard Jackson
Download or read book Writing the War on Terrorism written by Richard Jackson and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2005-07-22 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the language of the war on terrorism and is essential reading for anyone wanting to understand how the Bush administration's approach to counter-terrorism became the dominant policy paradigm in American politics today.
Book Synopsis The Rhetoric of Terror by : Marc Redfield
Download or read book The Rhetoric of Terror written by Marc Redfield and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, did symbolic as well as literal damage. A trace of this cultural shock echoes in the American idiom 9/11: a bare name-date conveying both a trauma (the unspeakable happened then) and a claim on our knowledge. In the first of the two interlinked essays of this book, the author proposes the notion of virtual trauma to describe the cultural wound that this name-date both deflects and relays. Virtual trauma describes the shock of an event at once terribly real and utterly mediated. In consequence, a tormented self-reflexivity has tended to characterize representations of 9/11 in texts, discussions, and films, such as World Trade Center and United 93. In the second half of the book, the author examines the historical and philosophical infrastructure of the notion of war on terror. He argues that the declaration of war on terror is the exemplary postmodern sovereign speech act: it unleashes war as terror and terror as war, while remaining a crazed, even in a certain sense fictional performative utterance. Only a pseudosovereign--the executive officer of the world's superpower--could have declared this absolute, phantasmatic, yet terribly damaging war. Though politicized terror and absolute war have their roots in the French Revolution and the emergence of the modern nation-state, the author suggests that the idea of a war on terror relays the complex, spectral afterlife of sovereignty in an era of biopower, global capital, and telecommunication."--Publisher's abstract.
Book Synopsis Presidential Rhetoric on Terrorism under Bush, Obama and Trump by : Gabriel Rubin
Download or read book Presidential Rhetoric on Terrorism under Bush, Obama and Trump written by Gabriel Rubin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-21 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the analysis of eighteen years of presidential data, this book shows how Presidents Bush, Obama, and Trump have conducted and framed the war on terror since its inception in 2001. Examining all presidential speeches about terrorism from George W. Bush’s two terms as President, Barack Obama’s two terms as President, and Donald Trump’s first year as President, this book is the first to compare the three post-9/11 presidents in how they have dealt with the terror threat. Presidential Rhetoric on Terrorism under Bush, Obama, and Trump argues that when policies need to be “sold” to the public and Congress, presidents make their pertinent issues seem urgent through frequent speech-making and threat inflation. It further illustrates how after policies are sold, a new President’s reticence may signify quiet acceptance of the old regime’s approach. After examining the conduct of the war on terror to date, it concludes by posing policy suggestions for the future.
Book Synopsis The Ethics and Efficacy of the Global War on Terrorism by : C. Webel
Download or read book The Ethics and Efficacy of the Global War on Terrorism written by C. Webel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-11-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the reader with provocative articles that critically examine the morality of the war on terrorism as it has evolved over the past eight years, this book consists of articles that effectively address specific aspects of the war on terrorism that are missing or underrepresented in ethical discourse since 9/11
Download or read book The War on Terror written by Ninan Koshy and published by Leftword. This book was released on 2003 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, were used by the Bush administration to usher in a war without borders, a war against many enemies in many different parts of the world, a war without end. This is America's War on Terror. Yet this War on Terror is in reality an imperialist war that seeks to make the world secure for global economic and strategic interests of the United States. This war seeks to reorder the world through imperialist expansion. The military occupation of Iraq in March 2003 signals only a stage in this ongoing war. It signals also the application of the new doctrines that the Bush administration has championed. Ninan Koshy makes a meticulous scrutiny of official documents and statements, and shows how the military might of the US is actually used to buttress globalization, that is, the sway of multinational capital. He also demonstrates how military occupation is intrinsic to the expansion of the American empire. Koshy makes the point that the main theatre of the War on Terror is Asia, from West to North East, and includes Central, South and South East Asia. He also puts forward a sharp critique of the policy followed by New Delhi, which involves the calculated dismantling of the entire rationale of non-alignment and the edifice of an independent foreign policy, as well as the subjugation of India's national interests to US war plans. What we are witnessing today is the demise of the world order that emerged after the Second World War. A new world order is taking its place. This lucidly argued book explains the architecture and nature of this new world order.
Book Synopsis War of Words by : Sandra Silberstein
Download or read book War of Words written by Sandra Silberstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a media age, wars are waged not only with bombs and planes but also with video and sound bites. War of Words is an incisive report from the linguistic battlefields, probing the tales told about September 11th to show how Americans created consensus in the face of terror. Capturing the campaigns for America's hearts, minds, wallets and votes, Silberstein traces the key cultural conflicts that surfaced after the attacks and beyond: the attacks on critical intellectuals for their perceived 'blame America first' attitude the symbiotic relationship between terrorists and the media (mis)representations of Al Qaeda and the Taliban used to justify military action the commercialisation of September 11th news as 'entertainment' when covering tragic events. Now featuring a new chapter on the Second Anniversary and Beyond, including: the war in Iraq, the backlash against former 'heroes' and accusations of presidential mendacity. A perceptive and disturbing account, War of Words reveals the role of the media in manufacturing events and illuminates the shifting sands of American collective identity in the post September 11th world.
Book Synopsis If It Was Not For Terrorism by : Banu Baybars Hawks
Download or read book If It Was Not For Terrorism written by Banu Baybars Hawks and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07-12 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If It Was Not for Terrorism: Crisis, Compromise, and Elite Discourse in the Age of “War on Terror” aims to investigate questions regarding the hegemonic power that is exercised by elites (and mass media) through the discourse of “War on Terror.” The chapters in the volume provide case studies from a wide variety of geographies to debate questions regarding the construction of the meaning of “terrorism,” communication of collective identities and otherness, and media frames regarding the “War on Terror,” civil liberties, and government restrictions. In bringing this collection together, it was the editors’ intention to provide a venue for discussion of expressions and diverse concerns around the themes of media and terrorism from international and interdisciplinary perspectives. The edited volume is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on elite discourse about the definition of “terrorism” and discursive strategies involved in construction of “us” vs. “others.” The second part of the volume investigates issues related to media framing of the compromises that are deemed necessary for success in the “War on Terror.” At the same time, several chapters of this part also identify opportunities for resistance to hegemonic discourse.
Book Synopsis Obama's Foreign Policy by : Michelle Bentley
Download or read book Obama's Foreign Policy written by Michelle Bentley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume is an innovative analysis of President Barack Obama’s foreign policy, security and counter-terrorism policy, specifically within the context of ending the now infamous War on Terror. The book adopts a comparative approach, analysing change and continuity in US foreign policy during Obama’s first term in office vis-à-vis the foreign policy of the War on Terror, initiated by George W. Bush following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Despite being heralded as an agent of change, since his election in 2008 Obama has faced criticism that his foreign policy is effectively the same as what went before and that the War on Terror is still alive and well. Far from delivering wholesale change, Obama has been accused of replicating and even reinforcing the approach, language and policies that many anticipated he would reject. With contributions from a range of US foreign policy experts, this volume analyses the extent to which these criticisms of continuity are correct, identifying how the failure to end the War on Terror is manifest and explaining the reasons that have made enacting change in foreign policy so difficult. In addressing these issues, contributions to this volume will discuss continuity and change from a range of perspectives in International Relations and Foreign Policy Analysis. This work will be of great interest to students and scholars of US foreign policy, security studies and American politics.
Book Synopsis The "War on Terror" Narrative by : Adam Hodges
Download or read book The "War on Terror" Narrative written by Adam Hodges and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-04-15 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The War on Terror Narrative provides a longitudinal and holistic study of the formation, circulation, and contestation of the Bush administration's narrative about the "war on terror."
Book Synopsis Discourse Analysis and Media Attitudes by : Paul Baker
Download or read book Discourse Analysis and Media Attitudes written by Paul Baker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the British press prejudiced against Muslims? In what ways can prejudice be explicit or subtle? This book uses a detailed analysis of over 140 million words of newspaper articles on Muslims and Islam, combining corpus linguistics and discourse analysis methods to produce an objective picture of media attitudes. The authors analyse representations around frequently cited topics such as Muslim women who wear the veil and 'hate preachers'. The analysis is self-reflexive and multidisciplinary, incorporating research on journalistic practices, readership patterns and attitude surveys to answer questions which include: what do journalists mean when they use phrases like 'devout Muslim' and how did the 9/11 and 7/7 attacks affect press reporting? This is a stimulating and unique book for those working in fields of discourse analysis and corpus linguistics, while clear explanations of linguistic terminology make it valuable to those in the fields of politics, media studies, journalism and Islamic studies.
Book Synopsis 9/11 and the War on Terror by : David Holloway
Download or read book 9/11 and the War on Terror written by David Holloway and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-19 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This interdisciplinary study of how 9/11 and the 'war on terror' were represented during the Bush era, shows how culture often functioned as a vital resource, for citizens attempting to make sense of momentous historical events that frequently seemed beyond their influence or control.Illustrated throughout, the book discusses representation of 9/11 and the war on terror in Hollywood film, the 9/11 novel, mass media, visual art and photography, political discourse, and revisionist historical accounts of American 'empire,' between the September 11 attacks and the Congressional midterm elections in 2006. As well as prompting an international security crisis, and a crisis in international governance and law, David Holloway suggests the culture of the time also points to a 'crisis' unfolding in the institutions and processes of republican democracy in the United States. His book offers a cultural and ideological history of the period.
Book Synopsis Narratives of the War on Terror by : Michael C. Frank
Download or read book Narratives of the War on Terror written by Michael C. Frank and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenging the predominantly Euro-American approaches to the field, this volume brings together essays on a wide array of literary, filmic and journalistic responses to the decade-long wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Shifting the focus from so-called 9/11 literature to narratives of the war on terror, and from the transatlantic world to Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan, the Afghan-Pak border region, South Waziristan, Al-Andalus and Kenya, the book captures the multiple transnational reverberations of the discourses on terrorism, counter-terrorism and insurgency. These include, but are not restricted to, the realignment of geopolitical power relations; the formation of new terrorist networks (ISIS) and regional alliances (Iraq/Syria); the growing number of terrorist incidents in the West; the changing discourses on security and technologies of warfare; and the leveraging of fundamental constitutional principles. The essays featured in this volume draw upon, and critically engage with, the conceptual trajectories within American literary debates, postcolonial discourse and transatlantic literary criticism. Collectively, they move away from the trauma-centrism and residual US-centrism of early literary responses to 9/11 and the criticism thereon, while responding to postcolonial theory’s call for a historical foregrounding of terrorism, insurgency and armed violence in the colonial-imperial power nexus. This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Journal of English Studies.
