Wages Skills And Technology In The United States And Canada

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Wages, Skills, and Technology in the United States and Canada

Author : Kevin M. Murphy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Wages, Skills, and Technology in the United States and Canada by : Kevin M. Murphy

Download or read book Wages, Skills, and Technology in the United States and Canada written by Kevin M. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wages for more- and less-educated workers have followed strikingly different paths in the U.S. and Canada. During the 1980's and 1990's, the ratio of earnings of university graduates to high school graduates increased sharply in the U.S. but fell slightly in Canada. Katz and Murphy (1992) found that for the U.S. a simple supply-demand model fit the pattern of variation in the premium over time. We find that the same model and parameter estimates explain the variation between the U.S. and Canada. In both instances, the relative demand for more-educated labor shifts out at the same, consistent rate. Both over time and between countries, the variation in rate of growth of relative wages can be explained by variation in the relative supply of more-educated workers. Many economists suspect that technological change is causing the steady increases in the relative demand for more-educated labor. If so, these data provide independent evidence on the spatial and temporal variation in the pattern of technological change. Whatever is causing this increased demand for skill, the evidence from Canada suggest that increases in educational attainment and skills can reduce the rate at which relative wages diverge.

General Purpose Technologies and Economic Growth

Author : Elhanan Helpman
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262082631
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (826 download)

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Book Synopsis General Purpose Technologies and Economic Growth by : Elhanan Helpman

Download or read book General Purpose Technologies and Economic Growth written by Elhanan Helpman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, economists have considered the accumulation of conventional inputs such as labour and capital to be the primary force behind economic growth. In the late-1990s however, many economists place technological progress at the centre of the growth process. This shift is due to theoretical developments that allow researchers to link microeconomic outcomes.

The Review of Economic Performance and Social Progress

Author : Keith G. Banting
Publisher : IRPP
ISBN 13 : 9780886451905
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis The Review of Economic Performance and Social Progress by : Keith G. Banting

Download or read book The Review of Economic Performance and Social Progress written by Keith G. Banting and published by IRPP. This book was released on 2001 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this volume provide experts' views of specific dimensions of the economic & social developments in Canada during the 1990s. The chapters are organized into four sections dealing with basic concepts, the public view of economic & social trends, changes in key public policies, and outcomes in terms of the economic, social, & environmental record of the 1990s. Specific topics covered include the concept of social progress, defining & measuring social progress, monetary policy, the relationship between social capital & the economy, unemployment, deficit elimination, fiscal policy, trade liberalization, income security policy, income distribution, labour market outcomes, child well-being, and economic growth & environmental degradation.

Handbook of Labor Economics

Author : Orley Ashenfelter
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444534520
Total Pages : 1141 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Labor Economics by : Orley Ashenfelter

Download or read book Handbook of Labor Economics written by Orley Ashenfelter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-12-14 with total page 1141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the continually evolving field of labour economics.

The Employment Effects of Technological Change

Author : Jens Rubart
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540699554
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis The Employment Effects of Technological Change by : Jens Rubart

Download or read book The Employment Effects of Technological Change written by Jens Rubart and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-04 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The labor markets of important OECD countries show a similar picture: high wages and low unemployment for skilled workers and low wages but high unemployment for low-skilled workers. During the last 10 years this fact has been studied under the hypothesis of "skill-biased technological change" within the context of endogenous growth models. Recent research, however, has shown that the employment and wage differentials vary at business cycle frequencies.This book provides an empirical and theoretical examination of the short- and medium run impacts of technological advances on the employment and wages of workers which differ in their earned educational degree. Furthermore, by introducing labor market frictions and wage setting institutions the author shows the importance of such imperfections in order to replicate empirical facts. Due to the introduction of employment protection mechanisms and minimum wages the analysis accounts for key facts of continental European labor markets.

OECD Economic Surveys: Canada 1998

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264151311
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Economic Surveys: Canada 1998 by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys: Canada 1998 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-12-18 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1998 edition of OECD's periodic survey of Canada's economy examines recent economic developmens, policies and prospects. It also includes a special feature on the labour market in a knowledge-based economy.

Handbook of the Economics of Education

Author : Eric A Hanushek
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080465668
Total Pages : 853 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of the Economics of Education by : Eric A Hanushek

Download or read book Handbook of the Economics of Education written by Eric A Hanushek and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-11-13 with total page 853 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbooks in Economics series continues to provide the various branches of economics with handbooks which are definitive reference sources, suitable for use by professional researchers, advanced graduate students, or by those seeking a teaching supplement. With contributions from leading researchers, each Handbook presents an accurate, self-contained survey of the current state of the topic under examination. These surveys summarize the most recent discussions in journals, and elucidate new developments. Although original material is also included, the main aim of this series is the provision of comprehensive and accessible surveys. *Every volume contains contributions from leading researchers *Each Handbook presents an accurate, self-contained survey of a particular topic *The series provides comprehensive and accessible surveys

Dimensions of Inequality in Canada

Author : David A. Green
Publisher : UBC Press
ISBN 13 : 0774840579
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (748 download)

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Book Synopsis Dimensions of Inequality in Canada by : David A. Green

Download or read book Dimensions of Inequality in Canada written by David A. Green and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is Canada becoming a more polarized society? Or is it a kind-hearted nation that takes care of its disadvantaged? This volume closely examines these differing views through a careful analysis of the causes, trends, and dimensions of inequality to provide an overall assessment of the state of inequality in Canada. Contributors include economists, sociologists, philosophers, and political scientists, and the discussion ranges from frameworks for thinking about inequality, to original analyses using Canadian data, to assessments of significant policy issues, methodologies, and research directions. What emerges is the most detailed picture of inequality in Canada to date and, disturbingly, one that shows signs of us becoming a less just society. An invaluable source of information for policy makers, researchers, and students from a broad variety of disciplines, Dimensions of Inequality in Canada will also appeal to readers interested or involved in public debates over inequality.

The Changing Distribution of Earnings in OECD Countries

Author : A B Atkinson
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191538558
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Changing Distribution of Earnings in OECD Countries by : A B Atkinson

Download or read book The Changing Distribution of Earnings in OECD Countries written by A B Atkinson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-05-01 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about how much people earn and why the distribution of earnings has been changing over time. The gap between the top and bottom in the United States has widened significantly since 1980. Why has this happened? Is it due to new technologies? What is the role of globalisation? Are there historical precedents? The book begins with the "race" between technology and education, and shows that continuing technical progress does not necessarily imply a continuing rise in dispersion. It then examines the experience of 20 OECD countries over the twentieth century, material presented in the form of 20 country case studies. The book breaks new ground in assembling data on the distribution of individual earnings covering much of the twentieth century and drawing on a variety of under-exploited sources. The findings overturn a number of widely-held beliefs. It is not the earnings of the low paid that have been most affected by the recent changes; widening is largely due to what is happening at the top. The recent rise in earnings dispersion is not unprecedented, but should be seen as part of a longer-run history of successive compression and expansion of earnings differences.

The Review of Economic Performance and Social Progress 2002

Author : Institute for Research on Public Policy
Publisher : IRPP
ISBN 13 : 9780886451981
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis The Review of Economic Performance and Social Progress 2002 by : Institute for Research on Public Policy

Download or read book The Review of Economic Performance and Social Progress 2002 written by Institute for Research on Public Policy and published by IRPP. This book was released on 2002 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topics covered include productivity concepts and trends, government fiscal balances and environmental sustainability, social determination of productivity, demographics, human capital and social diversity, social policy, inequality and productivity.

Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition

Author : France St-Hilaire
Publisher : IRPP
ISBN 13 : 9780886451868
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition by : France St-Hilaire

Download or read book Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition written by France St-Hilaire and published by IRPP. This book was released on 2000 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After two decades of rapid technological and structural change and an overall record of poor economic performance, Canadians need to take stock of the ongoing transformation of the labour market and its implications for public policy. The fundamental changes to the nature of work itself suggest that labour and social policies established decades ago may no longer be adequate or appropriate. Moreover, the continuing perception of increased instability and worsening employment outcomes, and the growing concern over increased earnings inequality and labour market polarisation, have raised serious questions about the role of government not only in addressing the consequences of economic adjustment but also in facilitating or, worse, hampering this process. In Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition leading labour market specialists examine specific areas of public policy that have generated considerable attention and debate in recent years. They provide new evidence on issues of utmost concern to the well-being of Canadians and a solid assessment of the challenges and avenues for policy reform.

What Do Unions Do?

Author : Thomas S. Barrows
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351299476
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis What Do Unions Do? by : Thomas S. Barrows

Download or read book What Do Unions Do? written by Thomas S. Barrows and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the best-known and most-quoted books ever written on labor unions is What Do Unions Do? by Richard Freeman and James Medoff. Published in 1984, the book proved to be a landmark because it provided the most comprehensive and statistically sophisticated empirical portrait of the economic and socio-political effects of unions, and a provocative conclusion that unions are on balance beneficial for the economy and society.The present volume represents a twentieth-anniversary retrospective and evaluation of What Do Unions Do? The objectives are threefold: to evaluate and critique the theory, evidence, and conclusions of Freeman and Medoff; to provide a comprehensive update of the theoretical and empirical literature on unions since the publication of their book; and to offer a balanced assessment and critique of the effects of unions on the economy and society. Toward this end, internationally recognized representatives of labor and management cover the gamut of subjects related to unions.Topics covered include the economic theory of unions; the history of economic thought on unions; the effect of unions on wages, benefits, capital investment, productivity, income inequality, dispute resolution, and job satisfaction; the performance of unions in an international perspective; the reasons for the decline of unions; and the future of unions. The volume concludes with a chapter by Richard Freeman in which he assesses the arguments and evidence presented in the other chapters and presents his evaluation of how What Do Unions Do? stands up in the light of twenty years of additional experience and research. This highly readable volume is a state-of-the-art survey by internationally recognized experts on the effects and future of labor unions. It will be the benchmark for years to come.

What Do Unions Do?

Author : Thomas S. Barrows
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351299468
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis What Do Unions Do? by : Thomas S. Barrows

Download or read book What Do Unions Do? written by Thomas S. Barrows and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the best-known and most-quoted books ever written on labor unions is What Do Unions Do? by Richard Freeman and James Medoff. Published in 1984, the book proved to be a landmark because it provided the most comprehensive and statistically sophisticated empirical portrait of the economic and socio-political effects of unions, and a provocative conclusion that unions are on balance beneficial for the economy and society.The present volume represents a twentieth-anniversary retrospective and evaluation of What Do Unions Do? The objectives are threefold: to evaluate and critique the theory, evidence, and conclusions of Freeman and Medoff; to provide a comprehensive update of the theoretical and empirical literature on unions since the publication of their book; and to offer a balanced assessment and critique of the effects of unions on the economy and society. Toward this end, internationally recognized representatives of labor and management cover the gamut of subjects related to unions.Topics covered include the economic theory of unions; the history of economic thought on unions; the effect of unions on wages, benefits, capital investment, productivity, income inequality, dispute resolution, and job satisfaction; the performance of unions in an international perspective; the reasons for the decline of unions; and the future of unions. The volume concludes with a chapter by Richard Freeman in which he assesses the arguments and evidence presented in the other chapters and presents his evaluation of how What Do Unions Do? stands up in the light of twenty years of additional experience and research. This highly readable volume is a state-of-the-art survey by internationally recognized experts on the effects and future of labor unions. It will be the benchmark for years to come.

Canada and the Global Economy

Author : John N.H. Britton
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773563563
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

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Book Synopsis Canada and the Global Economy by : John N.H. Britton

Download or read book Canada and the Global Economy written by John N.H. Britton and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 1996-05-01 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors explore four central themes: the locational impacts of the openness of the Canadian economy, Canada's relatively simple economic geography in terms of regional variations in resources and urban development, the problems of keeping pace with rapid advances in technology, and the role of government in maintaining a national market and assisting economic development. They outline the essential elements of Canada's contemporary economic geography, highlight the origins and spatial imprint of change in the Canadian economy, and provide an assessment of Canada's participation in significant international patterns of economic change. Canada and the Global Economy is concerned not only with the economic size and location of consumption and production but also with institutional changes and shifts in employment, the sectoral composition of economic activity, and the organizational structure and locational behaviour of particular industries and firms. Special attention is given to the technological development of both established industries and new service and manufacturing activities. A timely addition to the field, it provides a geographic perspective on significant changes in jobs and types of work that result from the transformation of economic activities. Contributors: Trevor J. Barnes (UBC), John N.H. Britton (Toronto), James B. Cannon (Queen's), William J. Coffey (Montréal), J. Tait Davis (York), Geoffrey Dobilas (Toronto), William C. Found (York), Meric S. Gertler (Toronto), James M. Gilmour (consultant, Ottawa), Roger Hayter (Simon Fraser), John Holmes (Queen's), Anthony C. Lea (Compusearch, Toronto), Ian MacLachlan (Lethbridge), Alan D. MacPherson (SUNY at Buffalo), Glen B. Norcliffe (York), D. Michael Ray (formerly Carleton), Tod Rutherford (Waterloo), R. Keith Semple (Saskatchewan), James W. Simmons (Toronto), William Smith (Auckland), Guy P.F. Steed (formerly Science Council of Canada), Iain Wallace (Carleton), and Nigel Waters (Calgary).

Small Differences That Matter

Author : David Card
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226092895
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Small Differences That Matter by : David Card

Download or read book Small Differences That Matter written by David Card and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the first in a new series by the National Bureau of Economic Research that compares labor markets in different countries, examines social and labor market policies in Canada and the United States during the 1980s. It shows that subtle differences in unemployment compensation, unionization, immigration policies, and income maintenance programs have significantly affected economic outcomes in the two countries. For example: -Canada's social safety net, more generous than the American one, produced markedly lower poverty rates in the 1980s. -Canada saw a smaller increase in earnings inequality than the United States did, in part because of the strength of Canadian unions, which have twice the participation that U.S. unions do. -Canada's unemployment figures were much higher than those in the United States, not because the Canadian economy failed to create jobs but because a higher percentage of nonworking time was reported as unemployment. These disparities have become noteworthy as policy makers cite the experiences of the other country to support or oppose particular initiatives.

Inequality and the Labor Market

Author : Sharon Block
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815738811
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality and the Labor Market by : Sharon Block

Download or read book Inequality and the Labor Market written by Sharon Block and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring a new agenda to improve outcomes for American workers As the United States continues to struggle with the impact of the devastating COVID-19 recession, policymakers have an opportunity to redress the competition problems in our labor markets. Making the right policy choices, however, requires a deep understanding of long-term, multidimensional problems. That will be solved only by looking to the failures and unrealized opportunities in anti-trust and labor law. For decades, competition in the U.S. labor market has declined, with the result that American workers have experienced slow wage growth and diminishing job quality. While sluggish productivity growth, rising globalization, and declining union representation are traditionally cited as factors for this historic imbalance in economic power, weak competition in the labor market is increasingly being recognized as a factor as well. This book by noted experts frames the legal and economic consequences of this imbalance and presents a series of urgently needed reforms of both labor and anti-trust laws to improve outcomes for American workers. These include higher wages, safer workplaces, increased ability to report labor violations, greater mobility, more opportunities for workers to build power, and overall better labor protections. Inequality in the Labor Market will interest anyone who cares about building a progressive economic agenda or who has a marked interest in labor policy. It also will appeal to anyone hoping to influence or anticipate the much-needed progressive agenda for the United States. The book's unusual scope provides prescriptions that, as Nobel Laureate Joseph Stiglitz notes in the introduction, map a path for rebalancing power, not just in our economy but in our democracy.

Global Labour in Distress, Volume II

Author : Pedro Goulart
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030892654
Total Pages : 711 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Labour in Distress, Volume II by : Pedro Goulart

Download or read book Global Labour in Distress, Volume II written by Pedro Goulart and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, the second of two volumes, explores the transformations to the labour market observed since the offi cial end of the Cold War in 1991. This period is defi ned by the retreat of the state and a move towards more market-based economies, followed by a State comeback with the Great Recession. These bumpy decades for labour and changing labour policies are analysed thematically. The second volume focuses on labour earnings and inequality, underemployment, (in)decent work, and labour market policies. This book aims to examine how labour institutions, both in developed and developing countries, have responded to the challenges faced over the last 30 years. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in labour economics, political economy, and development economics.