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Virginias Program To Combat Drug Related Dui 1988 1989
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Book Synopsis Virginia's Program to Combat Drug-related DUI, 1988-1989 by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Virginia's Program to Combat Drug-related DUI, 1988-1989 written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, a revision to Virginia law gave police officers the authority to require an individual suspected of driving under the influence (DUI) of drugs to submit a blood sample to be tested for drug content. Concurrent with the implementation of the revised law, Virginia initiated a pilot Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) Program, which concentrates on training police officers to detect the signs of impairment consistent with seven broad categories of drugs. This study is an evaluation of the impact of the revised law and the DRT program on arrests and convictions for drug-related DUI in 1988 and 1989. The researcher concludes that both the revised law and the DRT program have been effective in increasing the number of arrests and convictions for drug related DUI. However, even when drugs were detected in a suspect's blood sample, generally less than 70% of the cases resulted in a DUI conviction. When neither drugs nor alcohol was detected in the blood sample, less than 25% of the cases resulted in a DUl conviction. The researcher recommends that possible legislative changes be studied to determine if there are ways to increase the probability of conviction in cases of drug-related DUI.
Book Synopsis Removing the "high" from the Highways by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Removing the "high" from the Highways written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, a revision to Virginia law gave police officers the authority to require an individual suspected of drug-related driving under the influence (DUI) to submit a blood sample to be tested for drugs. Concurrent with the implementation of the revised law, Virginia initiated a pilot Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) Program, which concentrates on training police officers to detect the signs of impairment consistent with seven broad categories of drugs. This study evaluated the impact of the revised law and the DRT program on arrests and convictions for drug-related Dill between 1988 and 1990. Additionally, this study investigated whether there was a spillover effect on alcohol-related arrests and convictions and on alcohol-related injury and fatality rates. Drug-related DUI arrests increased in 1988 but declined somewhat in 1989 and 1990; however, the DUI conviction rate for drug-related cases remained relatively stable. Generally, if a drug was detected, there was a 40% to 70% DUI conviction rate depending on the type of drug(s) detected. If no drug was detected, the DUI conviction rate was less than 25%. Although the revised law encouraged officers to make more arrests for drug-related DUI, there is no evidence that it functioned to reduce fatalities and injuries. Further, even though the DRT program helped to increase arrests for drug-related DUI, DRT cases were no more likely than non-DRT cases to result in a conviction. However, there is some evidence that the DRT program had a positive influence on the arrest rate for alcohol-related DUI. Several recommendations are made for revitalizing both the DRT program and the statewide emphasis on drug-related DUI.
Book Synopsis Legislative Approaches to Increasing Virginia's Conviction Rate for Drug-related DUI by : Robyne R. Lau
Download or read book Legislative Approaches to Increasing Virginia's Conviction Rate for Drug-related DUI written by Robyne R. Lau and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, a revision of Virginia's law concerning drug-related driving under the influence (DUI) enabled police officers to require a person suspected of driving under the influence of drugs to submit a blood sample to be tested for drug content. However, some judges have been reluctant to pass down a DUI conviction in the absence of an established presumptive or per se concentration of a drug in the blood that indicates impairment. In fact, because of the complex chemical nature of most drugs and their varying effects on individuals, establishing a scientific link between a particular concentration of drugs in the blood and impairment is not possible, at least at this time. This study investigated if there were ways to amend VIrginia's laws to facilitate drug-related DUI convictions in the event of a finding of drugs in a suspect's blood. The researchers formulated three options for legislative amendments: two for criminalizing internal possession of drugs regardless of whether a person is driving, thus opening the way for a plea bargain to a reduced charge of drug-related DUI, and one for criminalizing the operation of a motor vehicle with a nonprescribed drug in the blood. An internal possession offense does not seem to be a feasible option for Virginia at this time. However, the researchers recommend that serious, but cautious, consideration be given to proposing that VIrginia's current DUI offense be revised to remove the requirement of showing impairment and permit a positive blood test for a nonprescribed drug to be sufficient evidence for conviction.
Book Synopsis Removing the "High" from the Highways: the Impact of Virginia's Efforts to Combat Drug-related DUI. Final Report by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Removing the "High" from the Highways: the Impact of Virginia's Efforts to Combat Drug-related DUI. Final Report written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Searching the Law - The States by : Francis R Doyle
Download or read book Searching the Law - The States written by Francis R Doyle and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-11-14 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alcohol, Drugs, and Driving written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transportation Research Record written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Virginia State Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Highway Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Status Report on Virginia's Program to Combat Drug-impaired Driving by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Status Report on Virginia's Program to Combat Drug-impaired Driving written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, police officers in the Commonwealth of Virginia were given the statutory authority to require that drivers suspected of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) submit a blood sample to be tested for drug content. Although there are no quantitative measures to relate drug or drug metabolite concentration with impairment (i.e., as with blood alcohol concentration), the result of a drug screen test may be able to corroborate an officer's testimony that a suspect showed signs of impairment. Efforts to change the law began in the 1984 Session of the Virginia General Assembly with the acceptance of House Joint Resolution No. 10, which initiated a study to improve the enforcement of Virginia's law against drug-impaired driving. Many of the recommendations of the study were included in the bill passed in the 1987 Session of the General Assembly. A major difference between the resulting Virginia law and those of other states is that in Virginia, blood, not urine, is the fluid to be screened for drug content. In conjunction with the revised law, federal, state, and local officials have been working to establish pilot Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) programs in the Charlottesville, Henrico County, and Virginia Beach Police Departments and in the Virginia Department of State Police. The DRTs are officers who are specially trained to detect symptoms of impaired driving and to classify the type or types of drugs a suspect may have used. Between the DRTs and the other police officers across the Commonwealth, more than an average of 50 DUID blood samples per month were sent to the Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services for analysis between April and November 1988. Evidence of marijuana and PCP use were found in almost half of the blood samples, and cocaine was found in 9.2 percent of the samples. In only 7.1 percent of the cases, neither drugs nor alcohol was detected. A major problem facing the program is that the average time between the receipt of a blood sample by Consolidated Laboratory Services and the completion of its analysis is approximately 50 days. In order to reduce turnaround time, the lab has hired additional personnel and purchased additional equipment; however, in order to prevent the dismissal of a case, it is recommended that officers set trial dates 90 days from the date of arrest to ensure that the laboratory will have sufficient time to complete the analysis.
Book Synopsis Searching the Law, the States: MI-WY by : Francis R. Doyle
Download or read book Searching the Law, the States: MI-WY written by Francis R. Doyle and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Traffic Safety written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The magazine for promoting safer roadways.
Book Synopsis Monthly Checklist of State Publications by : Library of Congress. Exchange and Gift Division
Download or read book Monthly Checklist of State Publications written by Library of Congress. Exchange and Gift Division and published by . This book was released on 1992-08 with total page 1116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June and Dec. issues contain listings of periodicals.
Book Synopsis Drugs in American Society [3 volumes] by : Nancy E. Marion
Download or read book Drugs in American Society [3 volumes] written by Nancy E. Marion and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2014-12-16 with total page 1232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing more than 450 entries, this easy-to-read encyclopedia provides concise information about the history of and recent trends in drug use and drug abuse in the United States—a societal problem with an estimated cost of $559 billion a year. Despite decades of effort and billions of dollars spent to combat the problem, illicit drug use in the United States is still rampant and shows no sign of abating. Covering illegal drugs ranging from marijuana and LSD to cocaine and crystal meth, this authoritative reference work examines patterns of drug use in American history, as well as drug control and interdiction efforts from the nineteenth century to the present. This encyclopedia provides a multidisciplinary perspective on the various aspects of the American drug problem, including the drugs themselves, the actions taken in attempts to curb or stop the drug trade, the efforts at intervention and treatment of those individuals affected by drug use, and the cultural and economic effects of drug use in the United States. More than 450 entries descriptively analyze and summarize key terms, trends, concepts, and people that are vital to the study of drugs and drug abuse, providing readers of all ages and backgrounds with invaluable information on domestic and international drug trafficking and use. The set provides special coverage of shifting societal and legislative perspectives on marijuana, as evidenced by Colorado and Washington legalizing marijuana with the 2012 elections.
Book Synopsis Code of Virginia, 1950 by : Virginia
Download or read book Code of Virginia, 1950 written by Virginia and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Traffic Law Enforcement by : Dominic Zaal
Download or read book Traffic Law Enforcement written by Dominic Zaal and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study was undertaken to review the recent Australian and international literature relating to traffic law enforcement. The specific areas examined included alcohol, speed, seat belts and signalised intersections. The review documents the types of traffic enforcement methods and the range of options available to policing authorities to increase the overall efficiency (in terms of cost and human resources) and effectiveness of enforcement operations. The review examines many of the issues related to traffic law enforcement including the deterrence mechanism, the effectiveness of legislation and the type of legal sanctions administered to traffic offenders. The need to use enforcement in conjunction with educational and environmental/engineering strategies is also stressed. The need for publicity to support enforcement operations, police training and education programs is also documented. The review concludes with a series of recommendations regarding the most promising options available to authorities to improve the effectiveness of traffic law enforcement operations.
Book Synopsis Preventing Drunk Driving by : Elsie Shore
Download or read book Preventing Drunk Driving written by Elsie Shore and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preventing Drunk Driving shows what is being done today, in research and practice, to reduce impaired driving and the fatalities and injuries it produces and to curtail the spread of this tragic social epidemic. In this informative book, you’ll discover how current research and prevention programs are increasing the success of designated driver programs. You’ll also find out how communities, friends, and experts are making drinkers aware of their levels of intoxication and discouraging them from driving to keep the roads safer. You’ll see when intervention works, when it doesn’t, and how you can be most effective as a citizen in the fight against impaired driving deaths along your own stretch of the world’s highways and city streets. In Preventing Drunk Driving, you’ll get up-to-date data on how researchers are identifying the most dangerous drunk driving recidivists. Also, you’ll see how increased study and research have led to theoretical models of intervention, assessments of the usefulness of vehicle interlock programs, and the use of mapping to target offenders most at risk. Most importantly, you’ll learn: the results of experiments designed to test methods of increasing designated driving how census-tract mapping can target communities prone to DWI offenses the benefits and limitations of vehicle-interlock devices for the prevention of recidivism how interveners may improve their chances of stopping an impaired person from getting behind the wheel ways that blood alcohol concentration (BAC) feedback stations can reduce DUI incidents“Give me the keys.” “Friends don’t let friends drive drunk.” These are all sayings we’ve heard--but what are the scientific facts about impaired driving and its prevention in our local communities and neighborhoods? Preventing Drunk Driving analyzes the societal ill of driving under the influence of alcohol and its related death toll from a wide variety of angles.
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