Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Variation Of Driver Characteristics At Intersections full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Variation Of Driver Characteristics At Intersections ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Mathew J. Betz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Variation of Driver Characteristics at Intersections written by Mathew J. Betz and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Khaled M. Abdulghani
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Driver Characteristics and Their Relation to Traffic Conflict Occurrence written by Khaled M. Abdulghani and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Qiang Yang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (826 download)
Download or read book Studies of Driver Behaviors and Traffic Flow Characteristics at Roadway Intersections written by Qiang Yang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performances of intersections and driveway access points are crucial to a road network in terms of efficiency and safety. Driver behavior and traffic flow characteristics at these locations are relatively complex. To better understand these issues and potentially provide guidance to engineers in their designs, a series of studies were performed on the driver behavior and traffic characteristics at intersections and driveway access points based on field experiments or observations. First, a countdown timers study was performed in China about their influences on driver behavior. It was found that the presence of countdown timers may encourage yellow running behavior and late entry into intersections in China. Second, a phase gradient method was proposed for the general application purpose to the studies of driver behavior and traffic characteristics at signalized intersections. A case study on red-light cameras was performed at Knoxville, TN. Third, a study was performed to learn the legal issues and arguments about the usage of red-light cameras for the purpose of generating profits. A variety of engineering measures, mainly dealing with the setting of the traffic signal, which could be potentially used by municipalities or camera vendors to trap red-light runners and thus generating more revenues from the camera system are discussed. Finally, an experiment was conducted to simulate the right-turn issues, which impact the safety and operation efficiency at intersections or driveway access points. Two turn lane geometric parameters, angle-of-turn and tangent, and their influences on driver behavior and traffic flow characteristics were studied.
Author : United States. Federal Highway Administration. Offices of Research and Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Report No. FHWA-RD. written by United States. Federal Highway Administration. Offices of Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yohannes Bekele Weldegiorgis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (118 download)
Download or read book Modeling Driver Behavior at Signalized Intersections with Red Light Camera written by Yohannes Bekele Weldegiorgis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years many red light cameras have been installed at signalized intersections along urban arterials. The main reason behind installing cameras is to reduce red light running behavior in an effort to improve intersection safety. At red light camera equipped intersections, if a driver is aware of the presence of the cameras his/her driving behavior is bound to change. This behavioral change however, may be intentional or unintentional. The change in behavior will influence the utilization of yellow intervals resulting in an increased "dilemma zone" which in turn, will affect the capacity (or efficiency) of the intersection operation. Motorist behavior at an intersection equipped with red light camera is a major factor contributing to the safety and operation of the intersection. A motorists' decision whether to pass or stop at the intersection during the yellow signal interval depends on a number of factors, such as speed, geometric characteristics, driver's attitude, to name a few. The decision with respect to the yellow signal can result in red light running or rear end and side collisions. Motorists' behavior at red light camera intersections during exposure with a yellow signal may be seen as a binary decision in which case the two main decisions are either to come to a stop or cross the intersection. In this dissertation, a discrete choice model of the stopping probability is developed using vehicles' actual speed and location from the stop line when the motorist is exposed to the yellow signal. A binary choice model is developed using the probability of stopping to the yellow signal as a function of actual approach speed, distance from intersection, and presence of camera. The existence of the dilemma zone is estimated using dilemma zone plots developed from the probability of stopping vs. distance from stop line during the yellow interval. The dissertation also presents a new approach to calculate the change in capacity resulting from drivers stopping at the intersection during the yellow interval. Using field data from Baltimore, Maryland it is shown that the capacity of camera equipped intersections may be lower than that at intersections without cameras. -- Abstract.
Author : Sadia Sharmin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780438564725
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (647 download)
Download or read book Developing Safety Performance Functions for Wyoming Urban and Suburban Four-leg Signalized Intersections written by Sadia Sharmin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexity of traffic movements at signalized intersections is of a significant interest to transportation professionals due to a disproportional high amount of conflicts and crashes involving turning vehicles followed by through vehicles. Moreover, the wide variability in geometric and operational characteristics at signalized intersections may exacerbate this complexity. Intersection-related fatalities in Wyoming exhibited a sharp increase after 2012. Fatality rate in Wyoming exceeded the national rate by 12 percent in 2014 and 2015. In 2015, Wyoming’s urban intersections crashes constituted 50% of total urban crashes while that the proportion at the national level in the US was 32%. These issues could be addressed through successful engineering approaches which necessitate reliable methods to estimate intersection safety. Currently, Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) are used as the main tool to estimate traffic safety of different roadway elements including intersections. The Highway Safety Manual (HSM), published by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) in 2010 provides SPFs for intersections. The unique nature and distinct attributes of Wyoming also necessitates developing its own jurisdiction-specific SPFs. SPFs are needed to identify potential candidate locations for safety improvements and for implementation of various safety countermeasures. Therefore, the research in this thesis focuses on calibrating SPFs for four-leg signalized intersections in Wyoming. The thesis also utilizes advanced statistical techniques to address various issues in crash data at intersections. Crash data at four-leg signalized intersections were structured as pooled data averaged across time and panel data with respect to time. The key issues addressed in this study include: i) addressing overdispersion characteristics of crash data, ii) considering unobserved random effects of the intersections due to their heterogeneity, and iii) allowing the effects of the confounding factors on intersection crash trends over time. This study examined the effects of geometry, weather, traffic and driver characteristics on crash frequencies incorporating time trends and taking longer time frames into consideration. Standard crash models using longer time frames and aggregated data do not consider time-varying effects on crash frequency, and can introduce error due to unobserved heterogeneity. This study analyzed the findings among traditional Negative Binomial (NB) model (using pooled and panel data) which account for the overdispersion of data, Random Effect Negative Binomial (RENB) model using panel data that consider unobserved random effects of the sites due to their heterogeneity and Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) with Negative Binomial (NB) distribution. RENB model outperformed NB models by comparing the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) values and hence, RENB models were chosen to explain the effects of the confounding factors on the crash counts. A marginal model approach which is different from the random effect approach was attempted through applying GEE to the panel data. “Time” was included as an explanatory variable with linear and quadratic effects to investigate the crash trends across time. The interactions of variables with “time” were considered to determine the effect of fixed variables over time. GEE was also fitted using variables without incorporating “time”, however, GEE accounting for “time” performed better. Model assessment was performed using the quasi-likelihood information criterion (QIC). This method also showed that the GEE model with autoregression structure had the best model performance. Installing left-turn lanes at signalized intersections physically separates left-turning vehicles, hence can reduce the number of conflicts by removing slow or decelerating vehicles from through traffic resulting in safer operations. The safety effectiveness of left-turn lanes at four-leg signalized intersections was estimated with these approaches along with predicting and describing the confounding factors. The aforementioned objectives were attained by developing SPFs using 174 four-leg signalized intersections crash data of Wyoming from the years 2005 through 2014. Wyoming specific data, including traffic, weather and driver characteristics, were incorporated into the models along with site-specific geometric characteristics. The results of this study highlighted the advantages of predicting crash frequencies by crash type and severity. To examine the impact of weather on intersections crashes, three sets of SPFs were calibrated; winter, summer, and all year. The cross-sectional panel data analysis for evaluating the safety effectiveness of adding left-turn lanes at four-leg signalized intersections indicated a reduction of Fatal+Injury (F+I) and angle crashes by 21.6% and 30.8%, respectively. The calibrated models for the winter indicated a reduction of 19.4% and 38.8% for the aforementioned crashes, respectively for adding left-turn lanes. For the summer, crash reduction for these crashes for the same treatment were found 71% and 69%, respectively.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Intersection Negotiation Problems of Older Drivers: Background synthesis on age and intersection driving difficulties written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intersection Negotiation Problems of Older Drivers written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rene' Senyo Lord-Attivor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1030 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Modeling Gap Acceptance and Driver Behavior at Stopped Controlled Intersections (priority Intersections) written by Rene' Senyo Lord-Attivor and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Priority intersections are intersections controlled by a stop or yield sign. A vehicle at a priority intersection from a minor road makes a choice to either accept or reject an available gap when joining or crossing the main road. Various factors affect the driver's decision to accept or reject a gap at the priority intersection. The characteristics of the driver, vehicle and the intersection itself play major roles in the driver's behavior at the intersection. Factors such as the driver's age, gender, waiting time, intersection delay, and the vehicles' accelerating capability affect the decision to accept or reject a gap. The gap acceptance concept in developed countries (e.g., United States of America) has historically been studied and researched at signalized and unsignalized intersections. However, in developing countries little research has been conducted on this concept or on the driver's behavior, particularly Ghana. Yet traffic analysis software programs built to suit a developed country's condition are often used to analyze intersections in developing countries like Ghana. Ghanaian engineers have yet to develop a gap acceptance model suitable for unsignalized intersections. This research analyzes gaps and driver behavior at unsignalized intersections for both cross (4 leg) intersections and T-intersections for left, right and through moving vehicles from minor roads onto major roads; left turning vehicles from the major roads onto the minor roads are also analyzed. Critical gap values and the most common driver's variable is determined. The results of the critical gaps values found in this research are compared to that of the recommended values from the 2010 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). The results of the analysis showed critical gaps lower than that of the recommended values from the 2010 HCM. A comparison between the critical gaps determined in this research and the recommended 2010 HCM critical gaps showed lower delays when the critical gaps found in this research were modeled in aaSidra and the Highway Capacity Software (HCS). The Logistics Regression analysis showed that most drivers at priority intersections will accept gaps equal or greater than the critical gap determined in this research. The analysis also showed that pedestrian and hawking activities at intersections are not contributing factors to a driver's decision in accepting a gap. The driver's decision to accept or reject a gap varied between locations. Although the driver's decision to accept or reject a gap varied between locations, the most common factor (variable) that affected a driver's decision to accept or reject a gap was the time spent at the stop sign. -- Abstract.
Author : Stuart R. Perkins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Traffic Conflict Characteristics written by Stuart R. Perkins and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Intersection Negotiation Problems of Older Drivers written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael Kyte
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781500204365
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (43 download)
Download or read book Operation, Analysis, and Design of Signalized Intersections written by Michael Kyte and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-07-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before they begin their university studies, most students have experience with traffic signals, as drivers, pedestrians and bicycle riders. One of the tasks of the introductory course in transportation engineering is to portray the traffic signal control system in a way that connects with these experiences. The challenge is to reveal the system in a simple enough way to allow the student "in the door," but to include enough complexity so that this process of learning about signalized intersections is both challenging and rewarding. We have approached the process of developing this module with the following guidelines: * Focusing on the automobile user and pretimed signal operation allows the student to learn about fundamental principles of a signalized intersection, while laying the foundation for future courses that address other users (pedestrians, bicycle riders, public transit operators) and more advanced traffic control schemes such as actuated control, coordinated signal systems, and adaptive control. * Queuing models are presented as a way of learning about the fundamentals of traffic flow at a signalized intersection. A graphical approach is taken so that students can see how flow profile diagrams, cumulative vehicle diagrams, and queue accumulation polygons are powerful representations of the operation and performance of a signalized intersection. * Only those equations that students can apply with some degree of understanding are presented. For example, the uniform delay equation is developed and used as a means of representing intersection performance. However, the second and third terms of the Highway Capacity Manual delay equation are not included, as students will have no basis for understanding the foundation of these terms. * Learning objectives are clearly stated at the beginning of each section so that the student knows what is to come. At the end of each section, the learning objectives are reiterated along with a set of concepts that students should understand once they complete the work in the section. * Over 70 figures are included in the module. We believe that graphically illustrating basic concepts is an important way for students to learn, particularly for queuing model concepts and the development of the change and clearance timing intervals. * Over 50 computational problems and two field exercises are provided to give students the chance to test their understanding of the material. The sequence in which concepts are presented in this module, and the way in which more complex ideas build on the more fundamental ones, was based on our study of student learning in the introductory course. The development of each concept leads to an element in the culminating activity: the design and evaluation of a signal timing plan in section 9. For example, to complete step 1 of the design process, the student must learn about the sequencing and control of movements, presented in section 3 of this module. But to determine split times, step 6 of the design process, four concepts must be learned including flow (section 2), sequencing and control of movements (section 3), sufficiency of capacity (section 6), and cycle length and splits (section 8). Depending on the pace desired by the instructor, this material can be covered in 9 to 12 class periods.
Author : ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers)
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118762304
Total Pages : 688 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)
Download or read book Traffic Engineering Handbook written by ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get a complete look into modern traffic engineering solutions Traffic Engineering Handbook, Seventh Edition is a newly revised text that builds upon the reputation as the go-to source of essential traffic engineering solutions that this book has maintained for the past 70 years. The updated content reflects changes in key industry standards, and shines a spotlight on the needs of all users, the design of context-sensitive roadways, and the development of more sustainable transportation solutions. Additionally, this resource features a new organizational structure that promotes a more functionally-driven, multimodal approach to planning, designing, and implementing transportation solutions. A branch of civil engineering, traffic engineering concerns the safe and efficient movement of people and goods along roadways. Traffic flow, road geometry, sidewalks, crosswalks, cycle facilities, shared lane markings, traffic signs, traffic lights, and more—all of these elements must be considered when designing public and private sector transportation solutions. Explore the fundamental concepts of traffic engineering as they relate to operation, design, and management Access updated content that reflects changes in key industry-leading resources, such as the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), AASSHTO Policy on Geometric Design, Highway Safety Manual (HSM), and Americans with Disabilities Act Understand the current state of the traffic engineering field Leverage revised information that homes in on the key topics most relevant to traffic engineering in today's world, such as context-sensitive roadways and sustainable transportation solutions Traffic Engineering Handbook, Seventh Edition is an essential text for public and private sector transportation practitioners, transportation decision makers, public officials, and even upper-level undergraduate and graduate students who are studying transportation engineering.
Author : Winnie Daamen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482228718
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)
Download or read book Traffic Simulation and Data written by Winnie Daamen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A single source of information for researchers and professionals, Traffic Simulation and Data: Validation Methods and Applications offers a complete overview of traffic data collection, state estimation, calibration and validation for traffic modelling and simulation. It derives from the Multitude Project-a European Cost Action project that incorpo
Author : Hugh W. McGee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Highway Design and Operations Standards Affected by Driver Characteristics. Volume II: Final Technical Report written by Hugh W. McGee and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hugh W. McGee
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309258596
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Guidelines for Timing Yellow and All-red Intervals at Signalized Intersections written by Hugh W. McGee and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2012 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 731: Guidelines for Timing Yellow and All-Red Intervals at Signalized Intersections offers guidance for yellow change and all-red clearance intervals at signalized intersections. The guidelines provide a framework that can be easily applied by state and local transportation agencies.
Download or read book Pamphlets on Corporate and Church Involvement in South Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
