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Valuing Intangible Costs Of Violence
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Book Synopsis The Economic Cost of Violence Against Women and Girls by : Commonwealth Secretariat
Download or read book The Economic Cost of Violence Against Women and Girls written by Commonwealth Secretariat and published by Commonwealth Secretariat. This book was released on 2019-07-08 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A framework to assess the economic cost of violence against women and girls that captures linkages and secondary effects to assess the full impact of VAWG. Data gathered will be useful for reporting on SDG5 and SDG16, assess national statistical systems, and measure progress across all of the SDGs in a manner that is inclusive and fair.
Book Synopsis Applied Health Economics for Public Health Practice and Research by : Rhiannon Tudor Edwards
Download or read book Applied Health Economics for Public Health Practice and Research written by Rhiannon Tudor Edwards and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-14 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today's world of scare resources, determining the optimal allocation of funds to preventive health care interventions (PHIs) is a challenge. The upfront investments needed must be viewed as long term projects, the benefits of which we will experience in the future. The long term positive change to PHIs from economic investment can be seen across multiple sectors such as health care, education, employment and beyond. Applied Health Economics for Public Health Practice and Research is the fifth in the series of Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation. It presents new research on health economics methodology and application to the evaluation of public health interventions. Looking at traditional as well as novel methods of economic evaluation, the book covers the history of economics of public health and the economic rationale for government investment in prevention. In addition, it looks at principles of health economics, evidence synthesis, key methods of economic evaluation with accompanying case studies, and much more. Looking to the future, Applied Health Economics for Public Health Practice and Research presents priorities for research in the field of public health economics. It acknowledges the role played by natural environment in promoting better health, and the place of genetics, environment and socioeconomic status in determining population health. Ideal for health economists, public health researchers, local government workers, health care professionals, and those responsible for health policy development. Applied Health Economics for Public Health Practice and Research is an important contribution to the economic discussion of public health and resource allocation.
Author :Sam Brand Publisher :Economics and Resource Analysis Research Development and Sta ISBN 13 :9781840825725 Total Pages :88 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (257 download)
Book Synopsis The Economic and Social Costs of Crime by : Sam Brand
Download or read book The Economic and Social Costs of Crime written by Sam Brand and published by Economics and Resource Analysis Research Development and Sta. This book was released on 2000 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Handbook for Measuring the Costs and Quality of Access to Justice by : Martin Gramatikov
Download or read book A Handbook for Measuring the Costs and Quality of Access to Justice written by Martin Gramatikov and published by Maklu. This book was released on 2010 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook was developed by the Tilburg Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies of Civil Law and Conflict Resolution Systems (The Netherlands). It offers practical information on the use of a methodology for measuring the cost and quality of paths to justice, from the perspective of users. How do clients of justice systems like the way in which their needs and concerns are voiced? Do they feel they received sufficient information about the procedure? Do they think the outcome was fair and did it help to solve their problem? Do they think the procedure was a value for their money? How much time did they spend? This methodology provides answers to such questions so that citizens using the justice system can voice their needs and providers of justice services can improve their processes.
Book Synopsis Reforming Juvenile Justice by : National Research Council
Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.
Download or read book No Safe Haven written by Mary P. Koss and published by Amer Psychological Assn. This book was released on 1994-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "No Safe Haven" provides a comprehensive look at the pervasive nature of violence against women. It reviews current psychological research on the prevalence, causes, and effects of forms of violence against adult women and describes existing and recommended interventions, legal changes, and policy initiatives to address the problem. [The book] focuses on 3 common types of abuse against adult women: physical assault by male partners, sexual harassment in work and educational settings, and rape and other forms of sexual violence. The final section of the book highlights the common themes that emerge from these 3 types of violence and presents recommendations for effective intervention, treatment, and public policy initiatives.
Book Synopsis Reducing Underage Drinking by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Reducing Underage Drinking written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-26 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol use by young people is extremely dangerous - both to themselves and society at large. Underage alcohol use is associated with traffic fatalities, violence, unsafe sex, suicide, educational failure, and other problem behaviors that diminish the prospects of future success, as well as health risks â€" and the earlier teens start drinking, the greater the danger. Despite these serious concerns, the media continues to make drinking look attractive to youth, and it remains possible and even easy for teenagers to get access to alcohol. Why is this dangerous behavior so pervasive? What can be done to prevent it? What will work and who is responsible for making sure it happens? Reducing Underage Drinking addresses these questions and proposes a new way to combat underage alcohol use. It explores the ways in which may different individuals and groups contribute to the problem and how they can be enlisted to prevent it. Reducing Underage Drinking will serve as both a game plan and a call to arms for anyone with an investment in youth health and safety.
Book Synopsis The Costs of Crime and Justice by : Mark A. Cohen
Download or read book The Costs of Crime and Justice written by Mark A. Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-11 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive view of the financial and non-financial consequences of criminal behavior, crime prevention, and society’s response to crime. Crime costs are far-reaching, including medical costs, lost wages, property damage and pain, suffering, and reduced quality of life for victims and the public at large; police, courts, and prisons; and offenders and their families who may suffer consequences incidental to any punishment they receive for committing crime. The book provides a comprehensive economic framework and overview of the empirical methodologies used to estimate costs of crime. It provides an assessment of what is known and where the gaps in knowledge are in understanding the costs and consequences of crime. Individual chapters focus on victims, governments, as well as the public at large. Separate chapters detail the various methodologies used to estimate crime costs, while two chapters are devoted to policy analysis – both cost-effectiveness and benefit-cost analysis. The second edition is completely updated and expanded since the first edition in 2005. All cost estimates have also been updated. In addition, due to a significant increase in the number of studies on the cost of crime, new chapters focus on the costs to offenders and their families; white-collar and corporate crime; and the cost of crime estimates around the world. Understanding the costs of crime can lead to important insights and policy conclusions – both for criminal justice policy and other social ills that compete with crime for government funding. Thus, the target audience for this book includes criminologists and policy makers who are seeking to apply rigorous social science methods to assist in developing appropriate criminal justice policies. Note that the book is non-technical and does not assume the reader is conversant in economics or statistics.
Book Synopsis The Cost of Crime by : David A. Anderson
Download or read book The Cost of Crime written by David A. Anderson and published by Now Pub. This book was released on 2012-09 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cost of Crime provides estimates of the annual cost of crime in the United States. A better understanding of the repercussions of crime could guide the prioritization of law enforcement, education, and social programs that deter criminal activity. Traditional measures of criminal activity count crimes or estimate direct costs that typically include the costs of policing, corrections, criminal justice, and replacing stolen merchandise. This study estimates the burden of a broad set of crime's repercussions, both direct and indirect, to tell a more complete story. This study places less emphasis on imprecise counts of crimes than most previous measures of crime's burden. The comprehensive approach adopted here captures several types of cost shifting that can result from crime prevention efforts. The inclusion of private crime prevention expenditures in this study captures the potential for public expenditures to reduce total societal outlays for crime, with or without a decrease in the crime rate. The comprehensive scope of this study also accounts for regional shifts in crime. This study examines costs for the entire nation, which accounts for the possibility of losses in one region of the United States substituting for losses in another. For the purposes of this research, the cost of crime is defined to include all costs that would not exist in the absence of illegal behavior under current law. The benchmark in this study is perfect compliance with the law. The Cost of Crime speaks to the benefits of cooperation and ethical behavior. In the ideal state of voluntary legal compliance, there would be no need for expenditures on crime prevention, no costly repercussions of criminal acts, and no losses due to fear and distrust. We will not reach that ideal state, but with knowledge of the full cost of crime, we also know the benefit of eliminating a more realistic fraction of that cost. Valid questions remain regarding the inclusion of particular cost components in the calculation of crime's burden. The approach here is to sidestep unsolvable debates by providing itemized lists of crime-cost elements. This enables the reader to adopt customized formulations for the cost of crime.
Author :Geneva Declaration Secretariat Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :1316414647 Total Pages :197 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (164 download)
Book Synopsis Global Burden of Armed Violence 2015 by : Geneva Declaration Secretariat
Download or read book Global Burden of Armed Violence 2015 written by Geneva Declaration Secretariat and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2015 edition of the Global Burden of Armed Violence provides a wealth of data relevant to security and the post-2015 sustainable development framework. It estimates that 508,000 people died violently - in both conflict and non-conflict settings - every year in 2007–12, down from 526,000 in 2004–09. This trend is visible in non-conflict settings, where the proportion of women and girls is also slightly reduced, from 17 to 16 per cent. Yet, the number of direct conflict deaths is on the rise: from 55,000 to 70,000 per year over the same periods. Firearms are used in close to half of all homicides committed and in almost one-third of direct conflict deaths. Nearly USD 2 trillion in global homicide-related economic losses could have been saved if the homicide rate in 2000–10 had been reduced to the lowest practically attainable levels - between 2 and 3 deaths per 100,000 population.
Book Synopsis Economic Evaluation in Education by : Henry M. Levin
Download or read book Economic Evaluation in Education written by Henry M. Levin and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has seen increased attention to cost-effectiveness and benefit-cost analysis in education as administrators are being asked to accomplish more with the same or even fewer resources, philanthropists are keen to calculate their "return on investment" in social programs, and the general public is increasingly scrutinizing how resources are allocated to schools and colleges. Economic Evaluation in Education: Cost-Effectiveness and Benefit-Cost Analysis (titled Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Methods and Applications in its previous editions) is the only full-length book to provide readers with the step-by-step methods they need to plan and implement a benefit-cost analysis in education. Authors Henry M. Levin, Patrick J. McEwan, Clive Belfield, Alyshia Brooks Bowden, and Robert Shand examine a range of issues, including how to identify, measure, and distribute costs; how to measure effectiveness, utility, and benefits; and how to incorporate cost evaluations into the decision-making process. The updates to the Third Edition reflect the considerable methodological development in the evaluation literature, and the greater empiricism practiced by education researchers, to help readers learn to apply more advanced methods to their own analyses.
Book Synopsis Asset Recovery Handbook by : Jean-Pierre Brun
Download or read book Asset Recovery Handbook written by Jean-Pierre Brun and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries lose billions each year through bribery, misappropriation of funds, and other corrupt practices. Much of the proceeds of this corruption find 'safe haven' in the world's financial centers. These criminal flows are a drain on social services and economic development programs, contributing to the impoverishment of the world's poorest countries. Many developing countries have already sought to recover stolen assets. A number of successful high-profile cases with creative international cooperation has demonstrated that asset recovery is possible. However, it is highly complex, involving coordination and collaboration with domestic agencies and ministries in multiple jurisdictions, as well as the capacity to trace and secure assets and pursue various legal options—whether criminal confiscation, non-conviction based confiscation, civil actions, or other alternatives. This process can be overwhelming for even the most experienced practitioners. It is exceptionally difficult for those working in the context of failed states, widespread corruption, or limited resources. With this in mind, the Stolen Asset Recovery (StAR) Initiative has developed and updated this Asset Recovery Handbook: A Guide for Practitioners to assist those grappling with the strategic, organizational, investigative, and legal challenges of recovering stolen assets. A practitioner-led project, the Handbook provides common approaches to recovering stolen assets located in foreign jurisdictions, identifies the challenges that practitioners are likely to encounter, and introduces good practices. It includes examples of tools that can be used by practitioners, such as sample intelligence reports, applications for court orders, and mutual legal assistance requests. StAR—the Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative—is a partnership between the World Bank Group and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime that supports international efforts to end safe havens for corrupt funds. StAR works with developing countries and financial centers to prevent the laundering of the proceeds of corruption and to facilitate more systematic and timely return of stolen assets.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Quantitative Criminology by : Alex R. Piquero
Download or read book Handbook of Quantitative Criminology written by Alex R. Piquero and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative criminology has certainly come a long way since I was ?rst introduced to a largely qualitative criminology some 40 years ago, when I was recruited to lead a task force on science and technology for the President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice. At that time, criminology was a very limited activity, depending almost exclusively on the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) initiated by the FBI in 1929 for measurement of crime based on victim reports to the police and on police arrests. A ty- cal mode of analysis was simple bivariate correlation. Marvin Wolfgang and colleagues were makingan importantadvancebytrackinglongitudinaldata onarrestsin Philadelphia,an in- vation that was widely appreciated. And the ?eld was very small: I remember attending my ?rst meeting of the American Society of Criminology in about 1968 in an anteroom at New York University; there were about 25–30 people in attendance, mostly sociologists with a few lawyers thrown in. That Society today has over 3,000 members, mostly now drawn from criminology which has established its own clear identity, but augmented by a wide variety of disciplines that include statisticians, economists, demographers, and even a few engineers. This Handbook provides a remarkable testimony to the growth of that ?eld. Following the maxim that “if you can’t measure it, you can’t understand it,” we have seen the early dissatisfaction with the UCR replaced by a wide variety of new approaches to measuring crime victimization and offending.
Book Synopsis Oxford Textbook of Violence Prevention by : Peter D. Donnelly
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Violence Prevention written by Peter D. Donnelly and published by Oxford Textbooks in Public Hea. This book was released on 2015 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Oxford Textbook Violence Prevention' brings together an international team of experts to provide an extensive global account of the global mortality and morbidity burden caused by violence through examining the causes of violence, and what can be done to prevent and reduce violence.
Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of Theoretical Criminology by :
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Theoretical Criminology written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 1049 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Theoretical Criminology in zwei Bänden ist zweifelsohne das aktuellste Referenzwerk der theoretischen Kriminologie. Fachlich geprüfte Beiträge internationaler Experten machen den Leser mit wegweisenden Theorien, Konzepten und Schlüsselfiguren vertraut. Das Nachschlagewerk präsentiert klassische und zeitgenössische Themen zu den wichtigen Straftatbeständen, Zusammenhängen, fachspezifische (Soziologie, Biologie und Psychologie) und fachübergreifende Erklärungen zu Kriminalität, Kriminalitätsrate und Fragestellungen aus der Rechtssoziologie.
Book Synopsis Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Environment Recent Developments by : OECD
Download or read book Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Environment Recent Developments written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-30 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth assessment of the most recent conceptual and methodological developments in cost-benefit analysis and the environment.
Book Synopsis Mental Health Economics by : Denise Razzouk
Download or read book Mental Health Economics written by Denise Razzouk and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-26 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this work is to provide a book with high quality content that becomes a reference and support for graduate course (Mental Health, Public Health and Epidemiology) and for research in the domain of health economics applied to mental health. Also this book might be useful for policymakers on formulating mental health policies. Key messages of this book are based on: a) mental illness represent a huge cost for society and for health care; b) health economics applied to mental health could help in the optimization of resource allocation for mental health care and for better decision making in terms of balancing costs and benefits; c) interventions and treatment should be also chosen in general medical practice and in public decision-policy according to cost-effectiveness, burden of disease and equity principles; d) quality of care is related with better outcomes, higher quality of life for clients, and with lower costs for society and health system (best value for money); e) it is possible to decrease the burden of mental disorders with cost-effective treatments. The book is divided in four main topics: 1. Introduction to Health Economics applied to Mental Health – this section is an overview of basic principles, concepts and methods used in Economics and Health Economics to enable students to make critical appraisal of Health Economics texts and also to design research studies in this topic. 2. Health Economics applied to the evaluation of quality and costs of Mental Health Services – this section presents results of Brazilian studies on the costs of mental health care (hospital, outpatient care, residential care, informal care), methods on the measurement of costs and it discusses issues related with public policies decisions and quality of mental health car in the low and middle income countries context. There is also an overview of quality indicators of mental health care and instruments to evaluate mental health services and costs.3. Health Economics applied to evaluate treatment of mental disorders - This section presents a review of cost-effectiveness of pharmacological treatments and other interventions applied for treating the most burdensome mental disorders such as depressive and anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, psychosis, alcohol and drug disorders, dementia, and hyper attention deficit disorders. 4. Health Economics, burden and indirect costs of mental disorders - This section highlights the social and economic burden caused by mental illness under societal perspective focusing on stigma, unemployment, indirect costs in the workplace (absenteeism and presenteeism), the relationship between poverty and mental disorders, global health and social determinants of mental health and on the costs of mental disorders (depression, anxiety, psychosis, alcohol and drug disorders). We present some instruments to measure indirect costs of mental disorders.
