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Validation Of An Urban Parameterization In A Mesoscale Model
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Book Synopsis Urban Meteorology by : National Research Council
Download or read book Urban Meteorology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-13 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the United Nations, three out of five people will be living in cities worldwide by the year 2030. The United States continues to experience urbanization with its vast urban corridors on the east and west coasts. Although urban weather is driven by large synoptic and meso-scale features, weather events unique to the urban environment arise from the characteristics of the typical urban setting, such as large areas covered by buildings of a variety of heights; paved streets and parking areas; means to supply electricity, natural gas, water, and raw materials; and generation of waste heat and materials. Urban Meteorology: Forecasting, Monitoring, and Meeting Users' Needs is based largely on the information provided at a Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate community workshop. This book describes the needs for end user communities, focusing in particular on needs that are not being met by current urban-level forecasting and monitoring. Urban Meteorology also describes current and emerging meteorological forecasting and monitoring capabilities that have had and will likely have the most impact on urban areas, some of which are not being utilized by the relevant end user communities. Urban Meteorology explains that users of urban meteorological information need high-quality information available in a wide variety of formats that foster its use and within time constraints set by users' decision processes. By advancing the science and technology related to urban meteorology with input from key end user communities, urban meteorologists can better meet the needs of diverse end users. To continue the advancement within the field of urban meteorology, there are both short-term needs-which might be addressed with small investments but promise large, quick returns-as well as future challenges that could require significant efforts and investments.
Book Synopsis Urban Microclimate by : Evyatar Erell
Download or read book Urban Microclimate written by Evyatar Erell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quality of life of millions of people living in cities could be improved if the form of the city were to evolve in a manner appropriate to its climatic context. Climatically responsive urban design is vital to any notion of sustainability: it enables individual buildings to make use of renewable energy sources for passive heating and cooling, it enhances pedestrian comfort and activity in outdoor spaces, and it may even encourage city dwellers to moderate their dependence on private vehicles. Urban Microclimate bridges the gap between climatology research and applied urban design. It provides architects and urban design professionals with an understanding of how the structure of the built environment at all scales affects microclimatic conditions in the space between buildings, and analyzes the interaction between microclimate and each of the elements of the urban landscape. In the first two sections of the book, the extensive body of work on this subject by climatologists and geographers is presented in the language of architecture and planning professionals. The third section follows each step in the design process, and in part four a critical analysis of selected case study projects provides a demonstration of the complexity of applied urban design. Practitioners will find in this book a useful guide to consult, as they address these key environmental issues in their own work.
Book Synopsis Ecological Climatology by : Gordon B. Bonan
Download or read book Ecological Climatology written by Gordon B. Bonan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-18 with total page 1209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces an interdisciplinary framework to understand the interaction between terrestrial ecosystems and climate change. It reviews basic meteorological, hydrological and ecological concepts to examine the physical, chemical and biological processes by which terrestrial ecosystems affect and are affected by climate. The textbook is written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying ecology, environmental science, atmospheric science and geography. The central argument is that terrestrial ecosystems become important determinants of climate through their cycling of energy, water, chemical elements and trace gases. This coupling between climate and vegetation is explored at spatial scales from plant cells to global vegetation geography and at timescales of near instantaneous to millennia. The text also considers how human alterations to land become important for climate change. This restructured edition, with updated science and references, chapter summaries and review questions, and over 400 illustrations, including many in colour, serves as an essential student guide.
Book Synopsis Flow and Transport Processes with Complex Obstructions by : Yevgeny A. Gayev
Download or read book Flow and Transport Processes with Complex Obstructions written by Yevgeny A. Gayev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-06 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book that reviews problems in different fluid mechanics disciplines that led to the concept of canopy, or penetrable roughness. Despite their diversity, many flows may be theoretically united by means of introducing distributed sinks and/or sources of momentum and heat and mass. These and other flows in engineering and environmental situations over surfaces with many obstacles are reviewed in terms of general concepts of fluid mechanics.
Book Synopsis Radiation Heat Transfer by : Ephraim M. Sparrow
Download or read book Radiation Heat Transfer written by Ephraim M. Sparrow and published by Hemisphere Pub. This book was released on 1978 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Meteorological and Air Quality Models for Urban Areas by : Alexander Baklanov
Download or read book Meteorological and Air Quality Models for Urban Areas written by Alexander Baklanov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-26 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book for the first time gives an overall view of the current situation in urbanization of meteorological and air quality models around the world. It discusses and makes recommendations on the best practice and strategy for urbanization of different types of meteorological and air quality models. Based on the selected presentations given at the COST728 workshop, the contributions are arranged in four parts: urban morphology and databases; parameterizations of urban canopy; strategy for urbanization of different types of models; and evaluation and city case studies / field studies. The chapters treat either dynamic (on wind and turbulent) and thermal effects (on temperature and energy in general). The final chapter of this volume summarizes the discussion and conclusions from the four main topics and provides recommendations and future requirements. This monograph is oriented towards numerical weather prediction and air quality modelling communities.
Book Synopsis Fifth International Conference on Urban Climate by :
Download or read book Fifth International Conference on Urban Climate written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Urban Climates written by T. R. Oke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Climates is the first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates. The book begins with an outline of what constitutes an urban ecosystem. It develops a comprehensive terminology for the subject using scale and surface classification as key constructs. It explains the physical principles governing the creation of distinct urban climates, such as airflow around buildings, the heat island, precipitation modification and air pollution, and it then illustrates how this knowledge can be applied to moderate the undesirable consequences of urban development and help create more sustainable and resilient cities. With urban climate science now a fully-fledged field, this timely book fulfills the need to bring together the disparate parts of climate research on cities into a coherent framework. It is an ideal resource for students and researchers in fields such as climatology, urban hydrology, air quality, environmental engineering and urban design.
Book Synopsis Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling by : Roger A. Pielke
Download or read book Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling written by Roger A. Pielke and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To effectively utilize mesoscale dynamical simulations of the atmosphere, it is necessary to have an understanding the basic physical and mathematical foundations of the models and to have an appreciation of how a particular atmospheric system works. Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling provides such an overview of mesoscale numerical modeling. Starting with fundamental concepts, this text can be used to evaluate the scientific basis of any simulation model that has been or will be developed. Basic material is provided for the beginner as well as more in-depth treatment for the specialist. This text is useful to both the practitioner and the researcher of the mesoscale phenomena.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1092 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (18 download)
Book Synopsis Department of Housing and Urban Development--independent Agencies Appropriations for 1985: Council on Environmental Quality by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies
Download or read book Department of Housing and Urban Development--independent Agencies Appropriations for 1985: Council on Environmental Quality written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geocomputation and Urban Planning by : Beniamino Murgante
Download or read book Geocomputation and Urban Planning written by Beniamino Murgante and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-26 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sixteen years ago, Franklin estimated that about 80% of data contain geo-referenced information. To date, the availability of geographic data and information is growing, together with the capacity of users to operate with IT tools and instruments. Spatial data infrastructures are growing and allow a wide number of users to rely on them. This growth has not been fully coupled to an increase of knowledge to support spatial decisions. Spatial analytical techniques, geographical analysis and modelling methods are therefore required to analyse data and to facilitate the decision process at all levels. Old geographical issues can find an answer thanks to new methods and instruments, while new issues are developing, challenging researchers towards new solutions. This volume aims to contribute to the development of new techniques and methods to improve the process of knowledge acquisition. The Geocomputational expression is related to the development and the application of new theories, methods and tools in order to provide better solutions to complex geographical problems. The geocomputational analysis discussed in this volume, could be classified according to three main domains of applications; the first one related to spatial decision support system and to spatial uncertainty, the second connected to artificial intelligence, the third based on all spatial statistics techniques.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1878 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (42 download)
Book Synopsis Department of Housing and Urban Development--independent Agencies Appropriations for 1985 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies
Download or read book Department of Housing and Urban Development--independent Agencies Appropriations for 1985 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1878 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Urban Climate by : Helmut E. Landsberg
Download or read book The Urban Climate written by Helmut E. Landsberg and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1981-08-28 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Urban Climate aims to summarize analytical studies directed toward physical understanding of the rural-urban differences in the atmospheric boundary layer. Attempts to quantify conditions have met with some success. There is certainly a clear understanding of the physical relations that create the climatic differences of urbanized areas. Although some of the earlier classical studies are cited here, the emphasis is on the work done during the last decade and a half. This volume comprises 11 chapters, beginning with an introductory chapter discussing the literature surrounding the topic, its historical development, and the problem of local climate modification. The second chapter presents an assessment of the urban atmosphere on a synoptic and local scale, and examines the observational procedures involved. The following chapters then go on to discuss urban air composition; urban energy fluxes; the urban heat island; the urban wind field; models of urban temperature and wind fields; moisture, clouds, and hydrometeors; urban hydrology; special aspects of urban climate; and finally, urban planning. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of meteorology, urban planning, and urban climatology.
Book Synopsis Local Climate Zone Application in Sustainable Urban Development by : Ran Wang
Download or read book Local Climate Zone Application in Sustainable Urban Development written by Ran Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling by : Roger A. Pielke
Download or read book Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling written by Roger A. Pielke and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition provides an update of the field of mesoscale atmospheric modeling. The topic of mesoscale modeling is developed from basic concepts in atmospheric physics. New numerical and analytical tools are introduced. Problem sets are provided to test the comprehension of the material introduced in the text.
Book Synopsis Urban Wind Environment by : Chao Yuan
Download or read book Urban Wind Environment written by Chao Yuan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-23 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the context of urbanization and compact urban living, conventional experience-based planning and design often cannot adequately address the serious environmental issues, such as thermal comfort and air quality. The ultimate goal of this book is to facilitate a paradigm shift from the conventional experience-based ways to a more scientific, evidence-based process of decision making in both urban planning and architectural design stage. This book introduces novel yet practical modelling and mapping methods, and provides scientific understandings of the urban typologies and wind environment from the urban to building scale through real examples and case studies. The tools provided in this book aid a systematic implementation of environmental information from urban planning to building design by making wind information more accessible to both urban planners and architects, and significantly increasing the impact of urban climate information on the practical urban planning and design. This book is a useful reference book to architectural postgraduates, design practitioners and planners, urban climate researchers, as well as policy makers for developing future livable and sustainable cities.
Book Synopsis Geospatial Analysis and Modelling of Urban Structure and Dynamics by : Bin Jiang
Download or read book Geospatial Analysis and Modelling of Urban Structure and Dynamics written by Bin Jiang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Coming of Age: Geospatial Analysis and Modelling in the Early Twenty First Century Forty years ago when spatial analysis first emerged as a distinct theme within geography’s quantitative revolution, the focus was largely on consistent methods for measuring spatial correlation. The concept of spatial au- correlation took pride of place, mirroring concerns in time-series analysis about similar kinds of dependence known to distort the standard probability theory used to derive appropriate statistics. Early applications of spatial correlation tended to reflect geographical patterns expressed as points. The perspective taken on such analytical thinking was founded on induction, the search for pattern in data with a view to suggesting appropriate hypotheses which could subsequently be tested. In parallel but using very different techniques came the development of a more deductive style of analysis based on modelling and thence simulation. Here the focus was on translating prior theory into forms for generating testable predictions whose outcomes could be compared with observations about some system or phenomenon of interest. In the intervening years, spatial analysis has broadened to embrace both inductive and deductive approaches, often combining both in different mixes for the variety of problems to which it is now applied.
