Freedom Libraries

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Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538115549
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom Libraries by : Mike Selby

Download or read book Freedom Libraries written by Mike Selby and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom Libraries: The Untold Story of Libraries for African-Americans in the South. As the Civil Rights Movement exploded across the United States, the media of the time was able to show the rest of the world images of horrific racial violence. And while some of the bravest people of the 20th century risked their lives for the right to simply order a cheeseburger, ride a bus, or use a clean water fountain, there was another virtually unheard of struggle—this one for the right to read. Although illegal, racial segregation was strictly enforced in a number of American states, and public libraries were not immune. Numerous libraries were desegregated on paper only: there would be no cards given to African-Americans, no books for them read, and no furniture for them to use. It was these exact conditions that helped create Freedom Libraries. Over eighty of these parallel libraries appeared in the Deep South, staffed by civil rights voter registration workers. While the grassroots nature of the libraries meant they varied in size and quality, all of them created the first encounter many African-Americans had with a library. Terror, bombings, and eventually murder would be visited on the Freedom Libraries—with people giving up their lives so others could read a library book. This book delves into how these libraries were the heart of the Civil Rights Movement, and the remarkable courage of the people who used them. They would forever change libraries and librarianship, even as they helped the greater movement change the society these libraries belonged to. Photographs of the libraries bring this little-known part of American history to life.

The Young Crusaders

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Publisher : Beacon Press
ISBN 13 : 080704007X
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Young Crusaders by : V. P. Franklin

Download or read book The Young Crusaders written by V. P. Franklin and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2021-02-23 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative history of the overlooked youth activists that spearheaded the largest protests of the Civil Rights Movement and set the blueprint for future generations of activists to follow. Some of the most iconic images of the Civil Rights Movement are those of young people engaged in social activism, such as children and teenagers in 1963 being attacked by police in Birmingham with dogs and water hoses. But their contributions have not been well documented or prioritized. The Young Crusaders is the first book dedicated to telling the story of the hundreds of thousands of children and teenagers who engaged in sit-ins, school strikes, boycotts, marches, and demonstrations in which Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and other national civil rights leaders played little or no part. It was these young activists who joined in the largest civil rights demonstration in US history: the system-wide school boycott in New York City on February 3, 1964, where over 360,000 elementary and secondary school students went on strike and thousands attended freedom schools. Later that month, tens of thousands of children and teenagers participated in the “Freedom Day” boycotts in Boston and Chicago, also demanding “quality integrated education.” Distinguished historian V. P. Franklin illustrates how their ingenuity made these and numerous other campaigns across the country successful in bringing about the end to legalized racial discrimination. It was these unheralded young people who set the blueprint for today’s youth activists and their campaigns to address poverty, joblessness, educational inequality, and racialized violence and discrimination. Understanding the role of children and teenagers transforms how we understand the Civil Rights Movement and the broader part young people have played in shepherding social and educational progress, and it serves as a model for the youth-led “reparatory justice” campaigns seen today mounted by Black Lives Matter, March for Our Lives, and the Sunrise Movement. Highlighting the voices of the young people themselves, Franklin offers a redefining narrative, complemented by arresting archival images. The Young Crusaders reveals a radical history that both challenges and expands our understanding of the Civil Rights Movement.

Untold Civil Rights Stories

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Untold Civil Rights Stories by : Stewart Kwoh

Download or read book Untold Civil Rights Stories written by Stewart Kwoh and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UNTOLD CIVIL RIGHTS STORIES is an educational textbook directed to U.S. high school students, high school teachers, and parents, about the role of contemporary Asian Americans in today's Civil Rights and social justice struggles, before and after 9/11.The book includes profiles of pioneering Korean, South Asian, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Thai, and other Asian Americans involved in social justice issue, labor organizing, anti-violence, and community organizing issues. Profiles of: Philip Vera Cruz, Lily Chin, Joseph Ileto's family, Beulah Ong Kwoh, K.W. Lee, Fred Korematsu, Faustino Peping Baclig, Amric Singh Rathour, and others. Contains teachers high school lesson plans based on the California curriculum teaching standards, a useful historical timeline, and hard-to-find photos of Asian American "unsung heroes"--both women and men, and a student's "call to action."

The Promise and the Dream

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Publisher : Rosetta Books
ISBN 13 : 1948122251
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis The Promise and the Dream by : David Margolick

Download or read book The Promise and the Dream written by David Margolick and published by Rosetta Books. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A fascinating, elegiac account” of the bond between two of the Civil Rights Era’s most important leaders—from the journalist and author of Strange Fruit (Chicago Tribune). With vision and political savvy, Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy set the United States on a path toward fulfilling its promise of liberty and justice for all. In The Promise and the Dream, Margolick examines their unique bond, both in life and in their tragic assassinations, just sixty-two days apart in 1968. Through original interviews, oral histories, FBI files, and previously untapped contemporaneous accounts, Margolick offers a revealing portrait of these two men and the mutual assistance, awkwardness, antagonism, and admiration that existed between them. MLK and RFK cut distinct but converging paths toward lasting change. Even when they weren’t interacting directly, they monitored and learned from one another. Their joint story, a story each man took pains to hide during their lives, is not just gripping history but a window into the challenges we continue to face in America. Complemented by award-winning historian Douglas Brinkley’s foreword and more than eighty revealing photos by the foremost photojournalists of the period, The Promise and the Dream offers a compelling look at one of the most consequential but misunderstood relationships in our nation’s history.

Untold Tales, Unsung Heroes

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Publisher : Wayne State University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780814324653
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (246 download)

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Book Synopsis Untold Tales, Unsung Heroes by : Elaine Latzman Moon

Download or read book Untold Tales, Unsung Heroes written by Elaine Latzman Moon and published by Wayne State University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tales convey the individual and collective search for equality in education, housing, and employment; struggles against racism; participation in unions and the civil rights movement; and pain and loss that resulted from racial discrimination. By featuring the histories of blacks living in Detroit during the first six decades of the century, this unique oral history contributes immeasurably to our understanding of the development of the city. Arranged chronologically, the book is divided into decades representing significant periods of history in Detroit and in the nation. The period of 1918 to 1927 was marked by mass migration to Detroit, while the country was in the throes of the depression from 1928 to 1937. From 1938 to 1947, World War II and the 1943 race riot profoundly affected the lives of Detroiters. In the decade from 1948 to 1957 the beginnings of civil unrest became apparent.

The Gentle Giant of Dynamite Hill

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Publisher : HarperChristian + ORM
ISBN 13 : 0310336236
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gentle Giant of Dynamite Hill by : Helen Shores Lee

Download or read book The Gentle Giant of Dynamite Hill written by Helen Shores Lee and published by HarperChristian + ORM. This book was released on 2012-08-28 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are the firsthand accounts of sisters Helen and Barbara Shores growing up with their father, Arthur Shores, a prominent Civil Rights attorney, during the 60s in the Jim Crow south Birmingham district—a frequent target of the Ku Klux Klan. Between 1948 and 1963, some 50 unsolved Klan bombings happened in Smithfield where the Shores family lived, earning their neighborhood the nickname “Dynamite Hill.” Due to his work, Shores’ daughter, Barbara, barely survived a kidnapping attempt. Twice, in 1963, Klan members bombed their home, sending Theodora to the hospital with a brain concussion and killing Tasso, the family’s cocker spaniel. The family narrowly escaped a third bombing attempt on their home in the spring of 1965. The Gentle Giant of Dynamite Hill is an incredible story of a family’s unfair suffering, but also of the Shores’ overcoming. This family’s sacrificial commitment, courage, determination, and triumph inspire us today through this story and the selfless service, work, and lives of Helen Shores Lee and Barbara Sylvia Shores.

Lighting the Fires of Freedom

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Publisher : The New Press
ISBN 13 : 1620973367
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Lighting the Fires of Freedom by : Janet Dewart Bell

Download or read book Lighting the Fires of Freedom written by Janet Dewart Bell and published by The New Press. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recommended by The New York Times, The Washington Post, Book Riot and Autostraddle Nominated for a 2019 NAACP Image Award, a groundbreaking collection of profiles of African American women leaders in the twentieth-century fight for civil rights During the Civil Rights Movement, African American women did not stand on ceremony; they simply did the work that needed to be done. Yet despite their significant contributions at all levels of the movement, they remain mostly invisible to the larger public. Beyond Rosa Parks and Coretta Scott King, most Americans would be hard-pressed to name other leaders at the community, local, and national levels. In Lighting the Fires of Freedom Janet Dewart Bell shines a light on women's all-too-often overlooked achievements in the Movement. Through wide-ranging conversations with nine women, several now in their nineties with decades of untold stories, we hear what ignited and fueled their activism, as Bell vividly captures their inspiring voices. Lighting the Fires of Freedom offers these deeply personal and intimate accounts of extraordinary struggles for justice that resulted in profound social change, stories that are vital and relevant today. A vital document for understanding the Civil Rights Movement, Lighting the Fires of Freedom is an enduring testament to the vitality of women's leadership during one of the most dramatic periods of American history.

She Stood for Freedom

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781629721774
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis She Stood for Freedom by : Loki Mulholland

Download or read book She Stood for Freedom written by Loki Mulholland and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biography of Joan Trumpauer Mulholland follows her from her childhood in 1950s Virginia through her high school and college years, when she joined the Civil Rights Movement, attending demonstrations and sit-ins. She also participated in the Freedom Rides of 1961 and was arrested and imprisoned. Her life has been spent standing up for human rights.

Righteous Troublemakers

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Publisher : Harlequin
ISBN 13 : 0369719123
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (697 download)

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Book Synopsis Righteous Troublemakers by : Al Sharpton

Download or read book Righteous Troublemakers written by Al Sharpton and published by Harlequin. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bestselling author Reverend Al Sharpton brings to light the stories of the unsung heroes of the Civil Rights movement, drawing on his unique perspective in the history of the fight for social justice in America “This is the time. We won’t stop until we change the whole system of justice.”—Rev. Al Sharpton While the world may know the major names of the Civil Rights movement, there are countless lesser-known heroes fighting the good fight to advance equal justice for all, heeding the call when no one else was listening, often risking their lives and livelihoods in the process. Righteous Troublemakers shines a light on everyday people called to do extraordinary things—like Pauli Murray, whose early work informed Thurgood Marshall’s legal argument for Brown v. Board of Education, Claudette Colvin, who refused to give up her seat on a segregated bus months before Rosa Parks did the same, and Gwen Carr, whose private pain in losing her son Eric Garner stoked her public activism against police brutality. Sharpton also illuminates the lives of more widely known individuals, revealing overlooked details, historical connections, and a perspective informed by years of working on the front line of the social justice movement, to provide a behind-the-scenes look at the wheels of justice and the individuals who have helped advance its cause.

The Untold Civil War

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Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 142620812X
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis The Untold Civil War by : James I. Robertson

Download or read book The Untold Civil War written by James I. Robertson and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2011 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 132 untold stories and 475 rare illustrations offer a completely new perspective on the Civil War.

Sweet Land of Liberty

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Publisher : Random House Trade Paperbacks
ISBN 13 : 0812970381
Total Pages : 738 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Sweet Land of Liberty by : Thomas J. Sugrue

Download or read book Sweet Land of Liberty written by Thomas J. Sugrue and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2009-10-13 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sweet Land of Liberty is Thomas J. Sugrue’s epic account of the abiding quest for racial equality in states from Illinois to New York, and of how the intense northern struggle differed from and was inspired by the fight down South. Sugrue’s panoramic view sweeps from the 1920s to the present–more than eighty of the most decisive years in American history. He uncovers the forgotten stories of battles to open up lunch counters, beaches, and movie theaters in the North; the untold history of struggles against Jim Crow schools in northern towns; the dramatic story of racial conflict in northern cities and suburbs; and the long and tangled histories of integration and black power. Filled with unforgettable characters and riveting incidents, and making use of information and accounts both public and private, such as the writings of obscure African American journalists and the records of civil rights and black power groups, Sweet Land of Liberty creates an indelible history.

Mighty Justice (Young Readers' Edition)

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Publisher : Roaring Brook Press
ISBN 13 : 1250229014
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Mighty Justice (Young Readers' Edition) by : Katie McCabe

Download or read book Mighty Justice (Young Readers' Edition) written by Katie McCabe and published by Roaring Brook Press. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A young reader’s adaptation of Mighty Justice: My Life in Civil Rights, the memoir of activist and trailblazer Dovey Johnson Roundtree, by Katie McCabe. Raised in Charlotte, North Carolina, at the height of Jim Crow, Dovey Johnson Roundtree felt the sting of inequality at an early age and made a point to speak up for justice. She was one of the first Black women to break the racial and gender barriers in the US Army; a fierce attorney in the segregated courtrooms of Washington, DC; and a minister in the AME church, where women had never before been ordained as clergy. In 1955, Roundtree won a landmark bus desegregation case that eventually helped end “separate but equal” and dismantle Jim Crow laws across the South. Developed with the full support of the Dovey Johnson Roundtree Educational Trust and adapted from her memoir, this book brings her inspiring, important story and voice to life. A Junior Library Guild Selection

America on Fire: The Untold History of Police Violence and Black Rebellion Since the 1960s

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Publisher : Liveright Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1631498916
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis America on Fire: The Untold History of Police Violence and Black Rebellion Since the 1960s by : Elizabeth Hinton

Download or read book America on Fire: The Untold History of Police Violence and Black Rebellion Since the 1960s written by Elizabeth Hinton and published by Liveright Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Not since Angela Davis’s 2003 book, Are Prisons Obsolete?, has a scholar so persuasively challenged our conventional understanding of the criminal legal system.” —Ronald S. Sullivan, Jr., Washington Post From one of our top historians, a groundbreaking story of policing and “riots” that shatters our understanding of the post–civil rights era. What began in spring 2020 as local protests in response to the killing of George Floyd by Minneapolis police quickly exploded into a massive nationwide movement. Millions of mostly young people defiantly flooded into the nation’s streets, demanding an end to police brutality and to the broader, systemic repression of Black people and other people of color. To many observers, the protests appeared to be without precedent in their scale and persistence. Yet, as the acclaimed historian Elizabeth Hinton demonstrates in America on Fire, the events of 2020 had clear precursors—and any attempt to understand our current crisis requires a reckoning with the recent past. Even in the aftermath of Donald Trump, many Americans consider the decades since the civil rights movement in the mid-1960s as a story of progress toward greater inclusiveness and equality. Hinton’s sweeping narrative uncovers an altogether different history, taking us on a troubling journey from Detroit in 1967 and Miami in 1980 to Los Angeles in 1992 and beyond to chart the persistence of structural racism and one of its primary consequences, the so-called urban riot. Hinton offers a critical corrective: the word riot was nothing less than a racist trope applied to events that can only be properly understood as rebellions—explosions of collective resistance to an unequal and violent order. As she suggests, if rebellion and the conditions that precipitated it never disappeared, the optimistic story of a post–Jim Crow United States no longer holds. Black rebellion, America on Fire powerfully illustrates, was born in response to poverty and exclusion, but most immediately in reaction to police violence. In 1968, President Lyndon Johnson launched the “War on Crime,” sending militarized police forces into impoverished Black neighborhoods. Facing increasing surveillance and brutality, residents threw rocks and Molotov cocktails at officers, plundered local businesses, and vandalized exploitative institutions. Hinton draws on exclusive sources to uncover a previously hidden geography of violence in smaller American cities, from York, Pennsylvania, to Cairo, Illinois, to Stockton, California. The central lesson from these eruptions—that police violence invariably leads to community violence—continues to escape policymakers, who respond by further criminalizing entire groups instead of addressing underlying socioeconomic causes. The results are the hugely expanded policing and prison regimes that shape the lives of so many Americans today. Presenting a new framework for understanding our nation’s enduring strife, America on Fire is also a warning: rebellions will surely continue unless police are no longer called on to manage the consequences of dismal conditions beyond their control, and until an oppressive system is finally remade on the principles of justice and equality.

Civil Rights in Black and Brown

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Author :
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1477323791
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (773 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil Rights in Black and Brown by : Max Krochmal

Download or read book Civil Rights in Black and Brown written by Max Krochmal and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not one but two civil rights movements flourished in mid-twentieth century Texas, and they did so in intimate conversation with one another. Far from the gaze of the national media, African American and Mexican American activists combated the twin caste systems of Jim Crow and Juan Crow. These insurgents worked chiefly within their own racial groups, yet they also looked to each other for guidance and, at times, came together in solidarity. The movements sought more than integration and access: they demanded power and justice. Civil Rights in Black and Brown draws on more than 500 oral history interviews newly collected across Texas, from the Panhandle to the Piney Woods and everywhere in between. The testimonies speak in detail to the structure of racism in small towns and huge metropolises—both the everyday grind of segregation and the haunting acts of racial violence that upheld Texas’s state-sanctioned systems of white supremacy. Through their memories of resistance and revolution, the activists reveal previously undocumented struggles for equity, as well as the links Black and Chicanx organizers forged in their efforts to achieve self-determination.

The Black Cabinet

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Publisher : Atlantic Monthly Press
ISBN 13 : 0802146929
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis The Black Cabinet by : Jill Watts

Download or read book The Black Cabinet written by Jill Watts and published by Atlantic Monthly Press. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth history exploring the evolution, impact, and ultimate demise of what was known in the 1930s and ‘40s as FDR’s Black Cabinet. In 1932 in the midst of the Great Depression, Franklin Delano Roosevelt won the presidency with the help of key African American defectors from the Republican Party. At the time, most African Americans lived in poverty, denied citizenship rights and terrorized by white violence. As the New Deal began, a “black Brain Trust” joined the administration and began documenting and addressing the economic hardship and systemic inequalities African Americans faced. They became known as the Black Cabinet, but the environment they faced was reluctant, often hostile, to change. “Will the New Deal be a square deal for the Negro?” The black press wondered. The Black Cabinet set out to devise solutions to the widespread exclusion of black people from its programs, whether by inventing tools to measure discrimination or by calling attention to the administration’s failures. Led by Mary McLeod Bethune, an educator and friend of Eleanor Roosevelt, they were instrumental to Roosevelt’s continued success with black voters. Operating mostly behind the scenes, they helped push Roosevelt to sign an executive order that outlawed discrimination in the defense industry. They saw victories?jobs and collective agriculture programs that lifted many from poverty?and defeats?the bulldozing of black neighborhoods to build public housing reserved only for whites; Roosevelt’s refusal to get behind federal anti-lynching legislation. The Black Cabinet never won official recognition from the president, and with his death, it disappeared from view. But it had changed history. Eventually, one of its members would go on to be the first African American Cabinet secretary; another, the first African American federal judge and mentor to Thurgood Marshall. Masterfully researched and dramatically told, The Black Cabinet brings to life a forgotten generation of leaders who fought post-Reconstruction racial apartheid and whose work served as a bridge that Civil Rights activists traveled to achieve the victories of the 1950s and ’60s. Praise for The Black Cabinet “A dramatic piece of nonfiction that recovers the history of a generation of leaders that helped create the environment for the civil rights battles in decades that followed Roosevelt’s death.” —Library Journal “Fascinating . . . revealing the hidden figures of a ‘brain trust’ that lobbied, hectored and strong-armed President Franklin Roosevelt to cut African Americans in on the New Deal. . . . Meticulously researched and elegantly written, The Black Cabinet is sprawling and epic, and Watts deftly re-creates whole scenes from archival material.” —Minneapolis Star Tribune

The Desegregation of Public Libraries in the Jim Crow South

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Author :
Publisher : LSU Press
ISBN 13 : 0807168696
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Desegregation of Public Libraries in the Jim Crow South by : Shirley A. Wiegand

Download or read book The Desegregation of Public Libraries in the Jim Crow South written by Shirley A. Wiegand and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2018-04-14 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Desegregation of Public Libraries in the Jim Crow South, Wayne A. and Shirley A. Wiegand tell the comprehensive story of the integration of southern public libraries. As in other efforts to integrate civic institutions in the 1950s and 1960s, the determination of local activists won the battle against segregation in libraries. In particular, the willingness of young black community members to take part in organized protests and direct actions ensured that local libraries would become genuinely free to all citizens. The Wiegands trace the struggle for equal access to the years before the Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board of Education decision, when black activists in the South focused their efforts on equalizing accommodations, rather than on the more daunting—and dangerous—task of undoing segregation. After the ruling, momentum for vigorously pursuing equality grew, and black organizations shifted to more direct challenges to the system, including public library sit-ins and lawsuits against library systems. Although local groups often took direction from larger civil rights organizations, the energy, courage, and determination of younger black community members ensured the eventual desegregation of Jim Crow public libraries. The Wiegands examine the library desegregation movement in several southern cities and states, revealing the ways that individual communities negotiated—mostly peacefully, sometimes violently—the integration of local public libraries. This study adds a new chapter to the history of civil rights activism in the mid-twentieth century and celebrates the resolve of community activists as it weaves the account of racial discrimination in public libraries through the national narrative of the civil rights movement.

On Account of Race

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Author :
Publisher : Catapult
ISBN 13 : 1640093923
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis On Account of Race by : Lawrence Goldstone

Download or read book On Account of Race written by Lawrence Goldstone and published by Catapult. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Lillian Smith Book Award An award–winning constitutional law historian examines case–based evidence of the court's longstanding racial bias (often under the guise of "states rights") to reveal how that prejudice has allowed the court to solidify its position as arguably the most powerful branch of the federal government. One promise of democracy is the right of every citizen to vote. And yet, from our founding, strong political forces were determined to limit that right. The Supreme Court, Alexander Hamilton wrote, would protect the weak against this very sort of tyranny. Still, as On Account of Race forcefully demonstrates, through the better part of American history the Court has instead been a protector of white rule. And complex threats against the right to vote persist even today. Beginning in 1876, the Supreme Court systematically dismantled both the equal protection guarantees of the Fourteenth Amendment and what seemed to be the right to vote in the Fifteenth. And so a half million African Americans across the South who had risked their lives and property to be allowed to cast ballots were stricken from voting rolls by white supremacists. This vacuum allowed for the rise of Jim Crow. None of this was done in the shadows—those determined to wrest the vote from black Americans could not have been more boastful in either intent or execution. On Account of Race tells the story of an American tragedy, the only occasion in United States history in which a group of citizens who had been granted the right to vote then had it stripped away. It is a warning that the right to vote is fragile and must be carefully guarded and actively preserved lest American democracy perish.