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United States Africa Command Changing Security Dynamics And Perceptions Of United States Africa Policy
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Author :United States United States Government Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781523439355 Total Pages :44 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (393 download)
Book Synopsis Us Africa Command, Changing Security Dynamics, and Perceptions of U.S. Africa Policy by : United States United States Government
Download or read book Us Africa Command, Changing Security Dynamics, and Perceptions of U.S. Africa Policy written by United States United States Government and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-01-17 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will demonstrate that U.S. change agents in seeking transformation focused inwardly within the bureaucracy. They did not bother to consult with African leaders and made assumptions about African reactions to AFRICOM which demonstrated a lack of empathy. The authoritarian leadership style of Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld brought about an order that could not be refused including the unfortunate directive that AFRICOM headquarters should be placed on the African continent. The directive was rejected by most African leaders and media. A subsequent strategic communications campaign to repackage AFRICOM and sell it to African leaders failed because of already established suspicions. Only the reversal of the directive to place the command on the continent brought grudging acceptance, along with US offers of training exercises and other forms of security assistance. Change agents within a bureaucracy must be careful to consult with foreign actors in attempting to bring about transformation. While African reaction to AFRICOM was largely negative, there was variation in types of responses. Some leaders in sub-regions and states feared terrorist attacks against an AFRICOM base that would undermine their regimes. Others feared the possibility of regime change. Sub-regional powers objected to US military presence in their areas of hegemonic control. Ideology was important, with non-aligned states rejecting AFRICOM and more liberal and pro-Western states accepting it. A second conclusion is that African states are weak. Those states that do not align themselves with the United States feel threatened by it. The negative lessons of 2007 demonstrate that Africa Command and US diplomats should continue engaging with regional players in order to explain the purpose of the new command and react to feedback. Thanks to considerable US diplomacy in 2008, African perceptions of US security policy and strategy in Africa and of US Africa Command have shifted from largely negative to mostly positive.
Book Synopsis Us Africa Command, Changing Security Dynamics, and Perceptions of U.S. Africa Policy by : United States United States Government
Download or read book Us Africa Command, Changing Security Dynamics, and Perceptions of U.S. Africa Policy written by United States United States Government and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report will demonstrate that U.S. change agents in seeking transformation focused inwardly within the bureaucracy. They did not bother to consult with African leaders and made assumptions about African reactions to AFRICOM which demonstrated a lack of empathy. The authoritarian leadership style of Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld brought about an order that could not be refused including the unfortunate directive that AFRICOM headquarters should be placed on the African continent. The directive was rejected by most African leaders and media. A subsequent strategic communications campaign to repackage AFRICOM and sell it to African leaders failed because of already established suspicions. Only the reversal of the directive to place the command on the continent brought grudging acceptance, along with US offers of training exercises and other forms of security assistance. Change agents within a bureaucracy must be careful to consult with foreign actors in attempting to bring about transformation. While African reaction to AFRICOM was largely negative, there was variation in types of responses. Some leaders in sub-regions and states feared terrorist attacks against an AFRICOM base that would undermine their regimes. Others feared the possibility of regime change. Sub-regional powers objected to US military presence in their areas of hegemonic control. Ideology was important, with non-aligned states rejecting AFRICOM and more liberal and pro-Western states accepting it. A second conclusion is that African states are weak. Those states that do not align themselves with the United States feel threatened by it. The negative lessons of 2007 demonstrate that Africa Command and US diplomats should continue engaging with regional players in order to explain the purpose of the new command and react to feedback. Thanks to considerable US diplomacy in 2008, African perceptions of US security policy and strategy in Africa and of US Africa Command have shifted from largely negative to mostly positive.
Book Synopsis United States Africa Command, Changing Security Dynamics, and Perceptions of United States Africa Policy by : Stephen F. Burgess
Download or read book United States Africa Command, Changing Security Dynamics, and Perceptions of United States Africa Policy written by Stephen F. Burgess and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report will demonstrate that U.S. change agents in seeking transformation focused inwardly within the bureaucracy. They did not bother to consult with African leaders and made assumptions about African reactions to AFRICOM which demonstrated a lack of empathy. The authoritarian leadership style of Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld brought about an 'order that could not be refused,' including the unfortunate directive that AFRICOM headquarters should be placed on the African continent. ... The negative lessons of 2007 demonstrate that Africa Command and US diplomats should continue engaging with regional players in order to explain the purpose of the new command and react to feedback. Thanks to considerable US diplomacy in 2008, African perceptions of US security policy and strategy in Africa and of US Africa Command have shifted from largely negative to mostly positive."--Overview.
Book Synopsis Africans' Perception of the United States' Post-9/11 Africa Policy and Africom by :
Download or read book Africans' Perception of the United States' Post-9/11 Africa Policy and Africom written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States' post-9/11 global strategy demonstrates an interest in Africa that contrasts with decades of relative indifference. The 2006 National Security Strategy has stated the United States' commitment to promote security, stability, democracy, and economic prosperity in the continent. Yet, beyond these idealist declarations of good intentions, some foreign policy experts consider that the turnaround in the United States' Africa policy stems from the rising value of the continent for tangible American economic and security interests. They hold the actual objectives of the United States to be to secure its access to energy sources, to counter global terrorism, and to contain the influence of China. In that regard, they see the creation of a dedicated combatant command, the United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), as the reflection of the dramatic evolution in the US policymakers' perceptions of US interests in Africa.' However, the deployment of that unprecedentedly vigorous strategy is facing the reluctance of significant segments of the African intellectual and political elite, due essentially to China's increasing influence, the push-back effect of the War on Terror, AFRICOM's weak security concept, and the continent's marked preference for collective security systems built around its regional organizations and the United Nations.
Book Synopsis Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa by : Lauren Ploch
Download or read book Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa written by Lauren Ploch and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Feb. 6, 2007, the Bush Admin. announced the creation of a new unified combatant command, U.S. Africa Command or AFRICOM, to promote U.S. national security objectives in Africa and its surrounding waters. Prior to AFRICOM¿s establishment, U.S. military involvement on the continent was divided among 3 commands: European Command, Central Command, and Pacific Command. The new command¿s area of responsibility includes all African countries except Egypt. Contents of this report: (1) Issues for Congress; (2) The DoD Proposal for a New Africa Command; (3) U.S. Strategic Interests in Africa; (4) U.S. Mil. Assistance and Security Cooperation in Africa: An Expanding Role; (5) Regional Perspectives; (6) Congressional Interest and Oversight Issues.
Book Synopsis Expanding US Military Command in Africa by : Tshepo Gwatiwa
Download or read book Expanding US Military Command in Africa written by Tshepo Gwatiwa and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-23 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the systematic expansion of the United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) across the continent of Africa. This book posits that AFRICOM expansion in Africa is part of a broader system of accumulation based on a government-business-media (GBM) complex. Applying the concept at both structural and descriptive levels, the GBM complex is a function of the synergy between the state’s quest for power, businesses’ need for expansion, and the informational and hegemonic functions of media actors. The United States’ GBM complex in Africa is supported—and in some locations spearheaded—by its military, with dispossessing effects on local actors. Drawing from African case studies, analytical accounts and empirical case studies, this book explores AFRICOM’s role within this broader strategy. The volume maps both the methods and the scope of this expansion, as well as local resistance to this process, and comprises perspectives from the five regions of Africa, key sub-regional organizations and voices from Africa’s regional hegemons. This book will be of much interest to students of security studies, strategic studies, African politics and International Relations.
Book Synopsis Managing Perceptions of United States Africa Command by : Harold L. Wilson
Download or read book Managing Perceptions of United States Africa Command written by Harold L. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As the Department of Defense (DOD) stands up its newest combatant command to concentrate attention on Africa, we must realize that our goal is not to win African hearts and minds and make them like us. It is about making them choose us from among their choices of potential partners and allies. How can the United States (US) manage the African states' perception of Africa Command (AFRICOM) as well as those of other powers involved in Africa so that America's interests can be best pursued? African nations have many suitors, including Russia and China. In order to successfully compete against these suitors, the US must build a credible case, based on truth and transparency, which makes a pro-American choice the logical outcome. In order for America to attain and sustain its credibility, Africans must perceive that America's goals are in their best interests as well."--Abstract from web site.
Book Synopsis United States - Africa Security Relations by : Kelechi A. Kalu
Download or read book United States - Africa Security Relations written by Kelechi A. Kalu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: United States-Africa relations have experienced four major cycles. The first cycle was during the Cold War(1960-1990). During this period, the U.S. developed a one-sided relationship with various African states in which the latter served as "foot soldiers" for the U.S. in its competition with the Soviet Union for global domination. Among other things, the various client African states provided the U.S. with access to airfields, deep water ports and sites for the establishment of various intelligence gathering facilities. In addition, the U.S. used various groups like UNITA led by Jonas Savimbi in Angola to undermine and fight pro-Soviet regimes on the continent. The second cycle of the relationship covered the period 1991-1998. During this time, the U.S. scaled down its security activities in Africa. The major reason was that with the end of the Cold War Africa(with few exceptions like Egypt) was no longer a major front for the promotion of U.S. Security interests. The third cycle commenced in 1998 and ended in 2001. This period was characterized by the U.S.’ search for an approach to frame its security relations with Africa. In this vein, the U.S. undertook various military-security initiatives . The fourth cycle began after the 9/11 terrorist attacks against the American homeland. Since then, the U.S. has expanded the scope of its security relations with Africa, as reflected in the establishment of various initiatives and programs. At the core is the prosecution of the American "war on terror." Against this backdrop, this book examines some of the major dimensions of the U.S.’ security relations with Africa, including American security interests on the continent, the "war on terror," AFRICOM, and military cooperation. Using the book’s integrative theoretical framework, each of the chapters in the volume examines the various factors that shape the issue of focus.
Book Synopsis African Security and the African Command by : Terry F. Buss
Download or read book African Security and the African Command written by Terry F. Buss and published by Kumarian Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the end of the Cold War and a failed mission in Somalia, the US decided to wash its hands of major military operations in Africa. Within the past few years, however, strategic interests in the region have grown, based largely on the threat of international terrorist group activities there. In 2007, the Bush Administration created a new military presence in Africa, AFRICOM (United States Africa Command), professed to be based not on occupying military or fixed bases, but rather on capacity building for and collaboration with African security forces. Some see AFRICOM as the answer to an African security system crippled by a lack of resources, widespread politicization and institutional weakness. Others claim the program is nothing more than a characteristic attempt by the US to secure its own interests in the region without regard to the actual needs of Africans. A variety of viewpoints on the debate, both from the US and Africa, come together in this collection to examine the objectives and activities of AFRICOM. The result provides the reader with a well-rounded picture of longstanding security challenges in Africa and what might be done to address them. -- Back cover.
Book Synopsis The Establishment and Implications of the United States Africa Command by : Berouk Mesfin
Download or read book The Establishment and Implications of the United States Africa Command written by Berouk Mesfin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Africa Command and the Militarization of U.S. Foreign Policy by : Dennis R. Penn
Download or read book Africa Command and the Militarization of U.S. Foreign Policy written by Dennis R. Penn and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis United States Africa Command by : United States. Africa Command
Download or read book United States Africa Command written by United States. Africa Command and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :56 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Exploring the U.S. Africa Command and a New Strategic Relationship with Africa by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs
Download or read book Exploring the U.S. Africa Command and a New Strategic Relationship with Africa written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Africa Command by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services
Download or read book Africa Command written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis US Strategy in Africa by : David J Francis
Download or read book US Strategy in Africa written by David J Francis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-02-25 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book outlines the construction, interpretations and understanding of US strategy towards Africa in the early twenty-first century. No single issue or event in the recent decades in Africa has provoked so much controversy and unified hostility and opposition as the announcement by former President George W. Bush of the establishment of the United Stated Africa Command – AFRICOM. The intensity and sheer scale of the unprecedented unity of opposition to AFRICOM across Africa surprised many experts and lead them to ask why such a hostile reaction occurred. This book explores the conception of AFRICOM and the subsequent reaction in two ways. Firstly, the contributors critically engage with the creation and global imperatives for the establishment of AFRICOM and present an analytical outline of African security in relation to and within the context of the history of US foreign and security policy approaches to Africa. Secondly, the book has original chapter contributions by some of the key actors involved in the development and implementation of the AFRICOM project including Theresa Whelan, the former US Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs. This is not only an attempt to contribute to the academic and policy-relevant debates based on the views of those who are intimately involved in the design and implementation of the AFRICOM project but also to show, in their own words, that ‘America has no clandestine agenda for Africa’. This book will be of interest to students of US foreign policy/national security, strategic studies, international security and African politics. David J. Francis is Chair of African Peace & Conflict Studies in the Department of Peace Studies at the University of Bradford.
Book Synopsis U.S. Africa Command: Value Added by :
Download or read book U.S. Africa Command: Value Added written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While working and living in Africa during my service as foreign policy advisor to U.S. European Command (USEUCOM), I have gained a hands-on appreciation for how the U.S. military employs geographic combatant commands (GCCs). Contrary to the views of Ambassador Edward Marks, I am convinced these commands are more relevant in the post-9/11 environment than ever before. The manner in which they perform their roles has shifted in response to the new realities of the 21st century and the National Security Strategy, just as the roles of all U.S. Government agencies have shifted. In particular, this shift is reflected in National Security Presidential Directive 44 (which requires broader interagency integration during post conflict stabilization and reconstruction operations) and in subsequent trends toward interagency approaches for addressing other complex security challenges. However, because of the visibility of the Department of Defense (DOD) and geographic commands in recent years, there has been a tendency to overstate the intentions of some Defense Department initiatives. Ambassador Marks' article effectively asserts that the motives behind the establishment of U.S. Africa Command (USAFRICOM) extend well beyond that of being simply a DOD reorganization. The truth is that no such ulterior motives ever existed. This command was created to address shortfalls in DOD abilities to support African efforts to build partner security capacity, efforts that were previously divided among three GCCs. Its unique organizational structure and designated focus areas were designed with the needs of Africans in mind, such that this new command will not only continue previous efforts, but also add value to them.
Book Synopsis U.S. Security Cooperation with Africa by : Robert J. Griffiths
Download or read book U.S. Security Cooperation with Africa written by Robert J. Griffiths and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Africa’s strategic importance has increased over the past decade and a half, United States security cooperation with the continent has expanded. The most visible dimension of this increased engagement was the establishment of the U.S. Military Command for Africa (AFRICOM). Some critics are skeptical of AFRICOM’s purpose and see the militarization of U.S. Africa policy while others question its effectiveness. Recognizing the link between development and security, AFRICOM represents a departure from the traditional organization of military commands because of its holistic approach and the involvement of the Department of State as well as other U.S. government stakeholders. Nevertheless, AFRICOM’s effort to combine security and development faces formidable conceptual and operational challenges in trying to ensure both American and African security interests. The human security perspective’s emphasis on issues that go beyond traditional state-centered security to include protecting individuals from threats of hunger, disease, crime, environmental degradation, and political repression as well as focusing on social and economic justice is an important component of security policy. At the same time, the threat of violent extremism heavily influences U.S. security cooperation with Africa. In this examination of the context of U.S.-African security relations, Robert J. Griffiths outlines the nature of the African state, traces the contours of African conflict, surveys the post-independence history of U.S. involvement on the continent, and discusses policy organization and implementation and the impact of U.S. experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan on the U.S.-Africa security relationship. Africa’s continuing geostrategic significance, the influence of China and other emerging markets in the region, and America’s other global engagements, especially in light of U.S. fiscal realities, demonstrate the complexity of U.S.-African security cooperation.
