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Author : Christian Belzil
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (164 download)
Download or read book Unemployment, Search and the Gender Wage Gap written by Christian Belzil and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christian Belzil
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Unemployment, Search and the Gender Wage Gap written by Christian Belzil and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christan Belzil
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 17 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (673 download)
Download or read book Unemployment, Search and the Gender Wage Gap: a Dtructure Model written by Christan Belzil and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Xuelin Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book An Endogenous Search Model and Its Applications written by Xuelin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existing literature on empirical job search models concentrates on studying the effects of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, and the primary interest has been in male displaced workers. It is usually assumed that displaced workers start to search for new jobs immediately after the separation, treating the labor force participation decision of the displaced workers as an exogenous issue. This thesis proposes a job search model where the participation decision of the displaced workers is made endogenous. The introduction of participation data enables us to identify more parameters and to avoid potential selection bias in the empirical work. The model is applied to study how the presence of young children affects the reservation wage and the escape rate from unemployment of female workers, and the gender wage gap between male and female workers. By its empirical work, the thesis tries to broaden the range of application of the job search theory. The empirical results of the thesis are based on a panel of young Canadians two suffered a permanent job displacement. It is found that the offer arrival rate is the primary channel through which child status may affect the reservation wage of female workers, while child care cost differentials between the states of employment and unemployment may play only a minor role. It is also found that the effects of child status on male workers are much smaller than that on female workers with respect to the reservation wage, the offer arrival rate and the escape rate from unemployment. This suggests that the presence of young children in a worker's family contributes an important part to the gender wage gap.
Author : Thomas Le Barbanchon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (118 download)
Download or read book Gender Differences in Job Search written by Thomas Le Barbanchon and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we relate gender differences in willingness to commute to the gender wage gap. Using unique administrative data on job search criteria, we first document that unemployed women have a lower reservation wage than comparable men and that the maximum commute they are willing to accept is smaller. We also find that they get lower wages and shorter commutes in their next job. We then identify indifference curves between wage and commute using the joint distributions of reservation job attributes and of accepted job bundles. Indifference curves are steeper for women, who value commute around 20% more than men. Through the lens of a job search model where commuting matters, we estimate that around 10% of the gender wage gap is accounted for by gender differences in the willingness to pay for a shorter commute. Finally, we use job application data to test the robustness of our results and to show that female workers do not receive less demand from far-away employers, confirming that most of the gender gap in commute is supply-side driven.
Author : Sarah Damaske
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691219311
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)
Download or read book The Tolls of Uncertainty written by Sarah Damaske and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-25 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An indispensable investigation into the American unemployment system and the ways gender and class affect the lives of those looking for work Through the intimate stories of those seeking work, The Tolls of Uncertainty offers a startling look at the nation’s unemployment system—who it helps, who it hurts, and what, if anything, we can do to make it fair. Drawing on interviews with one hundred men and women who have lost jobs across Pennsylvania, Sarah Damaske examines the ways unemployment shapes families, finances, health, and the job hunt. Damaske demonstrates that commonly held views of unemployment are either incomplete or just plain wrong. Shaped by a person’s gender and class, unemployment generates new inequalities that cast uncertainties on the search for work and on life chances beyond the world of work, threatening opportunity in America. Following in depth the lives of four individuals over the course of their unemployment experiences, Damaske offers insights into how the unemployed perceive their relationship to work. She reveals the high levels of blame that women who have lost jobs place on themselves, leading them to put their families’ needs above their own, sacrifice their health, and take on more tasks inside the home. This “guilt gap” illustrates how unemployment all too often exacerbates existing differences between men and women. Class privilege, too, gives some an advantage, while leaving others at the mercy of an underfunded unemployment system. Middle-class men are generally able to create the time and space to search for good work, but many others are bogged down by the challenges of poverty-level unemployment benefits and family pressures and fall further behind. Timely and engaging, The Tolls of Uncertainty posits that a new path must be taken if the nation’s unemployed are to find real relief.
Author : Mihails Hazans
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Unemployment and the Earnings Structure in Latvia written by Mihails Hazans and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Latvia has recorded sustained GDP and productivity growth since 1997. Yet unemployment rates, despite gradual decrease, have remained high. Hazans explores the mysteries of unemployment in Latvia. He analyzes labor flows between employment, unemployment, and nonparticipation and finds the following results: * The type of education and the region of residence appear to be the most important determinants of success in finding jobs by the unemployed. * The unemployed from ethnic minorities have lower chances to find a job within a year, other things equal, while the difference between genders is not significant. However, neither ethnicity nor gender seems to matter as far as the transition from employment to unemployment is concerned. * Regional disparities in job destruction seem to be less sizable than disparities in job creation. * The analysis of job search methods by the unemployed indicates that two target groups of state employment policy (young unemployed and long-term unemployed) appear to make relatively little use of the public employment service. The author also looks at the impact of education, age, gender, ethnicity, and regional factors on individual earnings. The relative position of youth and women in Latvian labor market, compared with prime?age men, is less unfavorable than in many other countries. Yet the gender wage gap has increased recently, and the same is true for regional disparities. Beneficiaries of the so-called "new" education system have a relatively high market value, especially with graduates from universities and general secondary schools. Finally, returns to experience seem to be nonexistent for many adult workers without higher education. This paper--a product of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Division, Europe and Central Asia Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to understand labor market dynamics"--Abstract.
Author : Melissa Higgins
Publisher : ABDO
ISBN 13 : 1680797476
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (87 download)
Download or read book The Gender Wage Gap written by Melissa Higgins and published by ABDO. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gender Wage Gap covers the history of women's wages, the differences between men's and women's wages that still exist, and today's efforts to close the gap. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Essential Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.
Author : Anna Thoursie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789176040676
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (46 download)
Download or read book Studies on Unemployment Duration and on the Gender Wage Gap written by Anna Thoursie and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pedro Gomes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (117 download)
Download or read book You're the One that i Want! written by Pedro Gomes and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most countries, the public sector hires disproportionally more women than men. We document gender differences in employment, transition probabilities, hours, and wages in the public and private sector using microdata for the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Spain. We then build a search and matching model where men and women decide if to participate and if to enter private or public sector labor markets. We calibrate our model separately to the four countries. Running counterfactual experiments, we quantify whether the selection of women into the public sector is driven by: (i) lower gender wage gaps and thus relatively higher wages for women in the public sector, (ii) possibilities of better conciliation of work and family life for public sector workers, (iii) greater job security in the public compared to the private sector, or (iv) intrinsic preferences for public sector occupations. We find that, quantitatively, women's higher public sector wage premia and their preferences for working in the public sector explain most of the selection. We calculate the monetary value of public sector job security and work-life balance premia, for both men and women, and we estimate how higher public sector wages and employment affect male and female unemployment, inactivity rates, and wages differently.
Author : Arijit Mukherjee
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781626184237
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (842 download)
Download or read book Wages and Employment written by Arijit Mukherjee and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is little doubt that significant income inequality persists across as well as within countries, and that wage differential exists between male and female workers across the industries and within establishments. The differences in earnings not only affect the well-being of the current generation but also have major long-term impacts on health, education and skill formation of future generations. Although an important goal of a country is to improve the well-being of their workers, the ways to achieve this goal may differ. This book presents recent research on labor economics, addressing issues such as gender wage gap, regional wage disparity, inter-and intra-industry wage inequality, the wage effects of immigration and the effects of wage negotiations in organizations. There are three parts in this book. Part A contains five chapters addressing the issue of gender wage gap. Part B also contains five chapters on regional studies to show the effects on wage, skill formation and the correlation between public and private sector employments. Part C focuses on wage negotiations in organizations. The book provides several important insights into many contemporary labor market issues.
Author : Steven H. Sandell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Job Search by Unemployed Women written by Steven H. Sandell and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mihails Hazans
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)
Download or read book Unemployment and the Earnings Structure in Latvia written by Mihails Hazans and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latvia has recorded sustained GDP and productivity growth since 1997. Yet unemployment rates, despite gradual decrease, have remained high. The paper explores the mysteries of unemployment in Latvia. It analyzes labor flows between employment, unemployment, and nonparticipation and finds the following results: The type of education and the region of residence appear to be the most important determinants of success in finding jobs by the unemployed. The unemployed from ethnic minorities have lower chances to find a job within a year, other things equal, while the difference between genders is not significant. However, neither ethnicity nor gender seems to matter as far as the transition from employment to unemployment is concerned. Regional disparities in job destruction seem to be less sizable than disparities in job creation. The analysis of job search methods by the unemployed indicates that two target groups of state employment policy (young unemployed and long-term unemployed) appear to make relatively little use of the public employment service. The author also looks at the impact of education, age, gender, ethnicity, and regional factors on individual earnings. The relative position of youth and women in Latvian labor market, compared with prime age men, is less unfavorable than in many other countries. Yet the gender wage gap has increased recently, and the same is true for regional disparities. Beneficiaries of the so-called new education system have a relatively high market value, especially with graduates from universities and general secondary schools. Finally, returns to experience seem to be nonexistent for many adult workers without higher education.
Author : Joyce P. Jacobsen
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631207276
Total Pages : 515 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (72 download)
Download or read book The Economics of Gender written by Joyce P. Jacobsen and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1998 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic agents can be male or female; they interact in families and households as well as in firms and markets. Yet it is only recently that economists have begun to take the implications of these facts into account in their theory, research, and policy analysis. Informed debate in economics, in other academic fields in which gender is of concern, and in society at large depends on an understanding of the economic issues underlying such questions as "why do women earn less than men" and "why, throughout the world, have men and women tended to work in separate spheres?" "The Economics of Gender, " Second Edition offers a comprehensive, balanced, and up-to-date introduction to the new work on the differences between women's and men's economic opportunities, activities, and rewards. Although Jacobsen's primary focus is on contemporary US patterns, she devotes four chapters to cross-societal comparisons. She also takes a close look at the evolution of contemporary patterns over time and the impact on them of race, ethnicity, and class. Throughout, she discusses the pros and cons of various policies, including "comparable worth" and welfare programs. Many real-life examples and anecdotes enliven the text. Appendices provide additional help for readers who have not had a course in economics and further detail for the economically sophisticated. Clear, readable, and provocative, the Second Edition of "The Economics of Gender" will continue to be welcomed as a primary text for the growing number of courses on gender economics. It remains a valuable supplement to courses in labor economics, economic policy, and women's studies. Finally, academics and policymakers in a wide range of fields will appreciate the book as a crucial reference.
Author : Peter F. Orazem
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Male-female Differences in Labor Market Outcomes During the Early Transition to Market written by Peter F. Orazem and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Frederic L. Pryor
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521794398
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (943 download)
Download or read book Who's Not Working and Why written by Frederic L. Pryor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a radically different view of the operations of the labor market, in this 1999 book Professors Pryor and Schaffer explain the growing inequality in wages and how those with the least education are being squeezed out of the labor market. Why have wages in those jobs requiring extra-high cognitive skills risen while all other wages have stagnated or fallen? And why are more university graduates taking high-school jobs? The authors of this volume present data revealing that jobs which require a high educational level are increasing more slowly than those with somewhat lower requirements. However such jobs are increasing faster than those requiring still less formal education. Professors Pryor and Schaffer also show how women are replacing men in jobs which require higher levels of education and, moreover, how those with high cognitive skills are replacing those with lower cognitive skills.
Author : Patricia Cortés
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Gender Differences in Job Search and the Earnings Gap written by Patricia Cortés and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates gender differences in the job search process, both in the field and lab. First, we collect rich information on initial job offers and acceptances from undergraduates of Boston University's Questrom School of Business. We document two novel empirical facts: (1) there is a clear gender difference in the timing of job offer acceptance, with women accepting jobs substantially earlier than men, and (2) there is a clear gender earnings gap in accepted offers, which narrows in favor of women over the course of the job search period. To rationalize these patterns, we develop a job search model that incorporates gender differences in risk aversion and over-optimism about prospective offers. We validate the model's assumptions and predictions using the survey data, and present empirical evidence that the job search patterns in the field can be partly explained by the greater risk aversion displayed by women and the higher levels of over-optimism displayed by men. Next, we replicate the findings from the field in a specially-designed laboratory experiment that features sequential job search, and provide direct evidence on the purported mechanisms. Our findings highlight the importance of risk preferences and beliefs for gender differences in job-finding behavior, and consequently, early-career wage gaps among the highly-skilled.
