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Triticeae Iii
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Book Synopsis Triticeae III by : Abdullah A. Jaradat
Download or read book Triticeae III written by Abdullah A. Jaradat and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, based on the 3rd International Symposium in Aleppo, Syria, which is jointly sponsored by IPGRI, ICARDA and the International Triticeae Consortium, includes papers on such topics as genetic resources and genetic diversity in cereals including wheat, barley, rye and forage grasses.
Book Synopsis Biosystematics of Triticeae by : Chi Yen
Download or read book Biosystematics of Triticeae written by Chi Yen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-13 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book review and rearrange the research data of Triticeae published over hundreds of years, applying a modern scientific approach. Triticeae is an important tribe in the grass family (Peaceae). It includes the major cereal crops, such as wheat, barley and rye, in addition to many valuable forage crops found in different genera, such as Elymus, Agropyron, Pasthyrostachys, and Leymus. The knowledge of appropriate Triticeae taxonomy and biosystematics will serve as genetic breeding of wheat, barley, rye and forage grass. The authors attempted to remain the truth and remove the false for deriving a more natural biosystematics of Triticeae. This book covers taxonomy, cytogenetics, and molecular phylogeny. It summarizes the biosystematics of Triticeae with comprehensive and updated data. This book is divided into five volumes (Volumes 1- 5), and includes 30 genera, 2 subgenera, 464 species, 9 subspecies, and 186 varieties in Triticeae. Volume 5 introduces nine perennial genera in Triticeae: Campeiostachys, Elymus, Pascopyrum, Lophopyrum, Trichopyrum, Hordelymus, Festucopsis, Peridictyon, and Psammopyrum. Elymus (StH), Campeiostachys (StYH), Lophopyrum (E), and Trichopyrum (ESt)are polymorphic genus. They show similar morphological characters, and it is difficult to distinguish them based merely on morphological variation. Pascopyrum (StHNsXm), Hordelymus (XoXr), Festucopsis (L), Peridictyon (Xp), and Psammopyrum (EL) are small genera, mostly monotypic genera. This book can serve as highly qualified, valuable, and convenient handbooks for audiences who are interested in Triticeae. This book also includes many illustrations, in addition to the description, to help the audience understand, morphological features of the concerned taxa, which makes the explanation more precise and obvious. It is a useful tool to understand the relationship among species in Triticeae.
Book Synopsis Biosystematics of Triticeae by : Chi Yen
Download or read book Biosystematics of Triticeae written by Chi Yen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the natural classification and biosystematics of Triticeae, and presents the most significant findings of comprehensive studies on the Triticeae, an important tribe in the grass family (Poaceae) that includes major crops such as wheat, barley, rye and triticale, as well as various forage crops found in different genera. The five-volume Chinese version of Biosystematics of Triticeae was published in 1998, 2004, 2006, 2011, and 2013, and included the 30 genera, 2 subgenera, 464 species, 9 subspecies, and 186 varieties of Triticeae identified to date. This completely revised English edition features up-to-date international research and the latest advances in the field. The book is divided into five volumes, covering a wide range of disciplines from traditional taxonomy and cytogenetics, to molecular phylogeny. Volume I, Triticum-Aegilops complex focuses on the taxonomy and generic relationships of Triticum and Aegilops, discussing the origin of common wheat as a crop. Volume II highlights the taxonomy and systematics of Secale, Tritiosecale, Pseudosecale, Eremopyrum, Henrardia, Taeniantherum, Heteranthelium, Crithopsis, and Hordeum. Volume III describes perennial genera and species including Kengyilia, Douglasdeweya, Agropyron, Australopyrum, and Anthosachne. Volume IV addresses perennial genera and species including Stenostachys, Psathyrostachys, Leymus, Pseudoroegneria, and Roegeneria. Volume V presents perennial genera and species such as Campeiostachys, Elymus,Pascopyrum, Lophopyrum, Trichopyrum, Hordelymus, Festucopsis, Peridictyon, and Psammopyrum.
Book Synopsis Genetics and Genomics of the Triticeae by : Catherine Feuillet
Download or read book Genetics and Genomics of the Triticeae written by Catherine Feuillet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-10 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sequencing of the model plant genomes such as those of A. thaliana and rice has revolutionized our understanding of plant biology but it has yet to translate into the improvement of major crop species such as maize, wheat, or barley. Moreover, the comparative genomic studies in cereals that have been performed in the past decade have revealed the limits of conservation between rice and the other cereal genomes. This has necessitated the development of genomic resources and programs for maize, sorghum, wheat, and barley to serve as the foundation for future genome sequencing and the acceleration of genomic based improvement of these critically important crops. Cereals constitute over 50% of total crop production worldwide (http://www.fao.org/) and cereal seeds are one of the most important renewable resources for food, feed, and industrial raw materials. Crop species of the Triticeae tribe that comprise wheat, barley, and rye are essential components of human and domestic animal nutrition. With 17% of all crop area, wheat is the staple food for 40% of the world’s population, while barley ranks fifth in the world production. Their domestication in the Fertile Crescent 10,000 years ago ushered in the beginning of agriculture and signified an important breakthrough in the advancement of civilization. Rye is second after wheat among grains most commonly used in the production of bread and is also very important for mixed animal feeds. It can be cultivated in poor soils and climates that are generally not suitable for other cereals. Extensive genetics and cytogenetics studies performed in the Triticeae species over the last 50 years have led to the characterization of their chromosomal composition and origins and have supported intensive work to create new genetic resources. Cytogenetic studies in wheat have allowed the identification and characterization of the different homoeologous genomes and have demonstrated the utility of studying wheat genome evolution as a model for the analysis of polyploidization, a major force in the evolution of the eukaryotic genomes. Barley with its diploid genome shows high collinearity with the other Triticeae genomes and therefore serves as a good template for supporting genomic analyses in the wheat and rye genomes. The knowledge gained from genetic studies in the Triticeae has also been used to produce Triticale, the first human made hybrid crop that results from a cross between wheat and rye and combines the nutrition quality and productivity of wheat with the ruggedness of rye. Despite the economic importance of the Triticeae species and the need for accelerated crop improvement based on genomics studies, the size (1.7 Gb for the bread wheat genome, i.e., 5x the human genome and 40 times the rice genome), high repeat content (>80%), and complexity (polyploidy in wheat) of their genomes often have been considered too challenging for efficient molecular analysis and genetic improvement in these species. Consequently, Triticeae genomics has lagged behind the genomic advances of other cereal crops for many years. Recently, however, the situation has changed dramatically and robust genomic programs can be established in the Triticeae as a result of the convergence of several technology developments that have led to new, more efficient scientific capabilities and resources such as whole-genome and chromosome-specific BAC libraries, extensive EST collections, transformation systems, wild germplasm and mutant collections, as well as DNA chips. Currently, the Triticeae genomics "toolbox" is comprised of: - 9 publicly available BAC libraries from diploid (5), tetraploid (1) and hexaploid (3) wheat; 3 publicly available BAC libraries from barley and one BAC library from rye; - 3 wheat chromosome specific BAC libraries; - DNA chips including commercially available first generation chips from AFFYMETRIX containing 55’000 wheat and 22,000 barley genes; - A large number of wheat and barley genetic maps that are saturated by a significant number of markers; - The largest plant EST collection with 870’000 wheat ESTs, 440’000 barley ESTs and about 10’000 rye ESTs; - Established protocols for stable transformation by biolistic and agrobacterium as well as a transient expression system using VIGS in wheat and barley; and - Large collections of well characterized cultivated and wild genetic resources. International consortia, such as the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI), have advanced synergies in the Triticeae genetics community in the development of additional mapping populations and markers that have led to a dramatic improvement in the resolution of the genetic maps and the amount of molecular markers in the three species resulting in the accelerated utilization of molecular markers in selection programs. Together, with the development of the genomic resources, the isolation of the first genes of agronomic interest by map-based cloning has been enabled and has proven the feasibility of forging the link between genotype and phenotype in the Triticeae species. Moreover, the first analyses of BAC sequences from wheat and barley have allowed preliminary characterizations of their genome organization and composition as well as the first inter- and intra-specific comparative genomic studies. These later have revealed important evolutionary mechanisms (e.g. unequal crossing over, illegitimate recombination) that have shaped the wheat and barley genomes during their evolution. These breakthroughs have demonstrated the feasibility of developing efficient genomic studies in the Triticeae and have led to the recent establishment of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) (http//:www.wheatgenome.org) and the International Barley Sequencing Consortium (www.isbc.org) that aim to sequence, respectively, the hexaploid wheat and barley genomes to accelerate gene discovery and crop improvement in the next decade. Large projects aiming at the establishment of the physical maps as well as a better characterization of their composition and organization through large scale random sequencing projects have been initiated already. Concurrently, a number of projects have been launched to develop high throughput functional genomics in wheat and barley. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics analyses of traits of agronomic importance, such as quality, disease resistance, drought, and salt tolerance, are underway in both species. Combined with the development of physical maps, efficient gene isolation will be enabled and improved sequencing technologies and reduced sequencing costs will permit ultimately genome sequencing and access to the entire wheat and barley gene regulatory elements repertoire. Because rye is closely related to wheat and barley in Triticeae evolution, the latest developments in wheat and barley genomics will be of great use for developing rye genomics and for providing tools for rye improvement. Finally, a new model for temperate grasses has emerged in the past year with the development of the genetics and genomics (including a 8x whole genome shotgun sequencing project) of Brachypodium, a member of the Poeae family that is more closely related to the Triticeae than rice and can provide valuable information for supporting Triticeae genomics in the near future. These recent breakthroughs have yet to be reviewed in a single source of literature and current handbooks on wheat, barley, or rye are dedicated mainly to progress in genetics. In "Genetics and Genomics of the Triticeae", we will aim to comprehensively review the recent progress in the development of structural and functional genomics tools in the Triticeae species and review the understanding of wheat, barley, and rye biology that has resulted from these new resources as well as to illuminate how this new found knowledge can be applied for the improvement of these essential species. The book will be the seventh volume in the ambitious series of books, Plant Genetics and Genomics (Richard A. Jorgensen, series editor) that will attempt to bring the field up-to-date on the genetics and genomics of important crop plants and genetic models. It is our hope that the publication will be a useful and timely tool for researchers and students alike working with the Triticeae.
Book Synopsis Prospects for Saline Agriculture by : R. Ahmad
Download or read book Prospects for Saline Agriculture written by R. Ahmad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Saline land is a resource capable of significant production. Recent advances in research in breeding for salt tolerance in wheat, biotechnology in rice, and selection and rehabilitation of salt-tolerant plants are of economic importance in arid/saline conditions. This book gives some practical approaches for saline agriculture and afforestation, and describes examples of cultivating salt-tolerant/halophytic plants for commercial interest on salt-affected land or with highly salinized water in Australia, China, Central Asia, Egypt, Pakistan, and Russia. It also explores the possibilities of arid/saline agriculture and afforestation in UAE.
Download or read book Wheat written by Y. P. S. Bajaj and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat, which is the second most important cereal crop in the world, is being grown in a wide range of climates over an area of about 228 945 thou sand ha with a production of about 535 842 MT in the world. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ) accounts for 80% of the wheat consumption, howe ver, it is attacked by a large number of pests and pathogens; rusts and smuts cause enormous damage to the crop and reduce the yield drastically in some areas. The major breeding objectives for wheat include grain yield, earliness, resistance to lodging and diseases, spikelet fertility, cold tolerance, leaf duration and net assimilation rate, fertilizer utilization, coleoptile length, nutritional value, organoleptic qualities, and the improvement of charac ters such as color and milling yield. The breeding of wheat by traditional methods has been practiced for centuries, however, it has only now come to a stage where these methods are insufficient to make any further breakthrough or to cope with the world's demand. Although numerous varieties are released every year around the world, they do not last long, and long-term objectives cannot be realized unless more genetic variability is generated. Moreover, the intro duction of exotic genetic stocks and their cultivation over large areas results in the depletion and loss of the native germplasm pool.
Book Synopsis Salinity and Water Stress by : M. Ashraf
Download or read book Salinity and Water Stress written by M. Ashraf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-26 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salinity and water stress limit crop productivity worldwide and generate substantial economic losses each year, yet innovative research on crop and natural resource management can reveal cost-effective ways in which farmers can increase both their productivity and their income. Presenting recent research findings on salt stress, water stress and stress-adapted plants, this book offers insights into new strategies for increasing the efficiency of crops under stressful environments. The strategies are based on conventional breeding and advanced molecular techniques used by plant physiologists, and are discussed using specific case studies to illustrate their potential. The book emphasizes the effects of environmental factors on specific stages of plant development, and discusses the role of plant growth regulators, nutrients, osmoprotectants and antioxidants in counteracting their adverse affects. Synthesising updated information on mechansisms of stress tolerance at cell, tissue and whole-plant level, this book provides a useful reference text for post graduate students and researchers involved in the fields of stress physiology and plant physiology in general, with additional readership amongst researchers in horticulture, agronomy, crop science, conservation, environmental management and ecological restoration.
Book Synopsis Chromosome Structure and Function by : Rudi Appels
Download or read book Chromosome Structure and Function written by Rudi Appels and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Historical Perspective on the Study of Chromosome Structure and Function R. Appels Division of Plant Industry CSIRO P.O. Box 1600 A.C.T. AUSTRALIA "Modern physical science gives us no model to explain the re duplication of the gene-string in each cell generation, or to ex plain the production of effective quantities of specific enzymes or other agents by specific genes. The precise pairing and inter change of segments by homologous gene-strings at meiosis also suggest novel physical properties of this form of matter". Stadler (1954) The very strong influence of reductionism in the history of understanding chromosome structure and function is evident in the above quotation from Stadler's 1954 paper, "The gene". Earlyob servations on the constancy of the cytological appearance of chromo somes and their regular behaviour in cell division led to specula tion on their biological importance. As genetics became more refined in the early decades of the 20th century the genes-on-a string model of chromosomes developed and greater emphasis was placed on the further dissection of these structures. As a result, in the 1980's the reductionist approach is reaching a crest as extensive regions of the genetic material are being sequenced.
Book Synopsis Mitigating Environmental Stresses for Agricultural Sustainability in Egypt by : Hassan Awaad
Download or read book Mitigating Environmental Stresses for Agricultural Sustainability in Egypt written by Hassan Awaad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the soil and environmental resources and how to utilize them under Egyptian conditions to achieve tolerance to environmental abiotic stresses, i.e., drought, heat, salt, pollutants, and biotic stresses such as disease resistance. Further, it explores ways to increase productivity, improve the quality of field crops, and reduce the food gap. The application of modern technologies is an essential mechanism for improving crops' productivity through laser, seed technology, mycorrhiza, and biotechnology to enhance the yield of genotypes in sustainable farming systems. Therefore, this book discusses fundamental ways to increase productivity under various environmental circumstances. The book reflects the enormous potential held by horizontal expansion in the newly reclaimed lands in Egypt. Tapping that potential depends on developing crops that are highly tolerant to environmental stresses and mitigating the impacts of climate changes around the world to help Egypt and countries with similar weather and water deficits achieve the 2030 sustainability agenda for agriculture. Given its profundity and scope, the book offers a valuable asset for stakeholders, policy planners, decision-makers, researchers, and scientists in Egypt and worldwide.
Download or read book Advances in Agronomy written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-01-08 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Agronomy continues to be recognized as a leading reference and a first-rate source for the latest research in agronomy. As always, the subjects covered are varied and exemplary of the myriad of subject matter dealt with by this long-running serial. Six volumes are published yearly which ensures that authors' contributions are disseminated to the readership in a timely manner. - Timely and state-of-the-art reviews - Distinguished, well recognized authors - A venerable and iconic review series - Timely publication of submitted reviews
Book Synopsis The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America by : Andrew Smith
Download or read book The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America written by Andrew Smith and published by . This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 2556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Home cooks and gourmets, chefs and restaurateurs, epicures, and simple food lovers of all stripes will delight in this smorgasbord of the history and culture of food and drink. Professor of Culinary History Andrew Smith and nearly 200 authors bring together in 770 entries the scholarship on wide-ranging topics from airline and funeral food to fad diets and fast food; drinks like lemonade, Kool-Aid, and Tang; foodstuffs like Jell-O, Twinkies, and Spam; and Dagwood, hoagie, and Sloppy Joe sandwiches.
Book Synopsis Rice Genetics III by : Gurdev S. Khush
Download or read book Rice Genetics III written by Gurdev S. Khush and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1996 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plenary session papers; I: Varietal differentiation and evolution; II: Genetics of morphological and physiological traits; III: Genetics of disease resistance; IV: Cytogenetics; V: Tissue and cell culture; VI: Molecular mapping of genes; VII: Map-based gene cloning; VIII: Molecular genetics of cytoplasmic male sterility; IX: Transformation; X: Gene isolation, characterization, and expression; XI: Genetic diversity in pathogen populations; XII: Rice research priorities.
Book Synopsis Rice Genetics Iii (In 2 Parts) - Proceedings Of The Third International Rice Genetics Symposium by : Tess Rola
Download or read book Rice Genetics Iii (In 2 Parts) - Proceedings Of The Third International Rice Genetics Symposium written by Tess Rola and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008-04-03 with total page 1031 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rice Genetics Collection of past symposia and other selected literature contains nearly 4,400 pages of searchable information on rice genetics and cytogenetics published by the IRRI and its partners since 1964. In addition to the five genetics symposia held at 5-year intervals since 1985, the collection contains classic publications that kicked off significant reporting on these subjects in the early 1960s. This collection is a comprehensive and historical documentation on the subject of rice genetics, spanning 45 years of research and scholarly work.Held in 1995 and published the following year, Rice Genetics III contains 138 chapters from various contributors on topics dealing with rice genetic research, including varietal differentiation and evolution; genetics of morphological and physiological traits and disease resistance; cytogenetics; tissue and cell culture; molecular mapping of genes; map-based gene cloning; molecular genetics of cytoplasmic male sterility; transformation; gene isolation, characterization, and expression; genetic diversity in pathogen populations; and rice research priorities.
Book Synopsis Biosystematic Investigations of Asiatic Wheatgrasses, Elymus L. (Triticeae: Poaceae) by : Bao-Rong Lu
Download or read book Biosystematic Investigations of Asiatic Wheatgrasses, Elymus L. (Triticeae: Poaceae) written by Bao-Rong Lu and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wheat Evolution and Domestication by : Moshe Feldman
Download or read book Wheat Evolution and Domestication written by Moshe Feldman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book covers a century of research on wheat genetics and evolution, starting with the discovery in 1918 of the accurate number of chromosomes in wheat. We re-evaluate classical studies that are pillars of the current knowledge considering recent genomic data in the wheat group comprising 31 species from the genera Amblyopyrum, Aegilops, Triticum, and other more distant relatives. For these species, we describe morphology, ecogeographical distribution, phylogeny as well as cytogenetic and genomic features. For crops, we also address evolution under human selection, namely pre-domestication cultivation and domestication. We re-examine the genetic and archeological evidence of where, when, and how domestication occurred. We discuss unique aspects of genome evolution and maintenance under polyploidization, in natural and synthetic allopolyploids of the wheat group. Finally, we propose some thoughts on the future prospects of wheat improvement. As such, it can be of great interest to wheat researchers and breeders as well as to plant scientists and students interested in plant genetics, evolution, domestication, and polyploidy.
Book Synopsis Polyploidy and Hybridization for Crop Improvement by : Annaliese S. Mason
Download or read book Polyploidy and Hybridization for Crop Improvement written by Annaliese S. Mason and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many of our current agricultural crops are natural or agricultural hybrids (between two or more species), or polyploids (containing more than one genome or set of chromosomes). These include potato, oats, cotton, oilseed rape, wheat, strawberries, kiwifruit, banana, seedless watermelon, triticale and many others. Polyploidy and hybridization can also be used for crop improvement: for example, to introgress disease resistance from wild species into crops, to produce seedless fruits for human consumption, or even to create entirely new crop types. Some crop genera have hundreds of years of interspecific hybridization and ploidy manipulation behind them, while in other genera use of these evolutionary processes for crop improvement is still at the theoretical stage. This book brings together stories and examples by expert researchers and breeders working in diverse crop genera, and details how polyploidy and hybridization processes have shaped our current crops, how these processes have been utilized for crop improvement in the past, and how polyploidy and interspecific hybridization can be used for crop improvement in the future.
Book Synopsis Plants and People by : Alexandre Chevalier
Download or read book Plants and People written by Alexandre Chevalier and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2014-04-30 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first monograph in the EARTH series, The dynamics of non-industrial agriculture: 8,000 years of resilience and innovation, approaches the great variety of agricultural practices in human terms. It focuses on the relationship between plants and people, the complexity of agricultural processes and their organisation within particular communities and societies. Collaborative European research among archaeologists, archaeobotanists, ethnographers, historians and agronomists using a broad analytical scale of investigation seeks to establish new common ground for integrating different approaches. By means of interdisciplinary examples, this book showcases the relationship between people and plants across wide ranging and diverse spatial and temporal milieus, including crop diversity, the use of wild foodstuffs, social context, status and choices of food plants.
