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Triple Oxygen Isotopes
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Book Synopsis Triple Oxygen Isotopes by : Huiming Bao
Download or read book Triple Oxygen Isotopes written by Huiming Bao and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-29 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 'detective' power of stable isotopes for processes that occurred in the past, and for elucidating mechanisms at the molecular level, has impressed researchers over the past 100 years, since the time when isotopes of elements were first discovered. While most are interested in the normalized abundance ratios of two isotopes of an element, further power was unleashed when researchers investigated the relationship of three or more isotopes of the same element, e.g. 16O, 17O, and 18O for oxygen. This Element focuses on the history of discovery of triple isotope effects, the conceptual framework behind these effects, and major lines of development in the past few years of triple oxygen isotope research.
Book Synopsis Triple Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry by : Ilya N. Bindeman
Download or read book Triple Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry written by Ilya N. Bindeman and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-02-22 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 86 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry concentrates on understanding the variations among ratios of the three isotopes of oxygen, with primary emphasis on terrestrial systems. Triple oxygen isotope variations may be related to large, mass-independent fractionation effects such observed in the Earth atmosphere or may be small and related to minute variations due to purely mass-dependent processes. Recent advancements in analytical resolution now allow for the identification of processes and distinct reservoirs that were formerly hidden in the paradigm of a "single terrestrial fractionation line". New, high-resolution measurements are accompanied by advances in theoretical calculations that dovetail with empirical calibrations and applications throughout this volume. 14 chapters span a wide range of subjects: from ab-initio theoretical approaches to observation of triple oxygen isotope variations in the Earth litho-, hydro- and atmosphere.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotope Geochemistry by : John W. Valley
Download or read book Stable Isotope Geochemistry written by John W. Valley and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 43 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry follows the 1986 Reviews in Mineralogy (Vol. 16) in approach but reflects significant changes in the field of Stable Isotope Geochemistry. In terms of new technology, new sub-disciplines, and numbers of researchers, the field has changed more in the past decade than in any other since that of its birth. Unlike the 1986 volume, which was restricted to high temperature fields, this book covers a wider range of disciplines. However, it would not be possible to fit a comprehensive review into a single volume. Our goal is to provide state-of-the-art reviews in chosen subjects that have emerged or advanced greatly since 1986. This volume was prepared for Short Course on Stable Isotope Geochemistry presented November 2-4, 2001 in conjunction with the annual meetings of the Geological Society of America in Boston, Massachusetts.
Book Synopsis Triple Oxygen Isotope Study on the Earth-Moon System by : Meike Fischer
Download or read book Triple Oxygen Isotope Study on the Earth-Moon System written by Meike Fischer and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oxygen in the Solar System by : Glenn J. MacPherson
Download or read book Oxygen in the Solar System written by Glenn J. MacPherson and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 68 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry reviews Oxygen in the Solar System, an element that is so critically important in so many ways to planetary science. The book is based on three open workshops: Oxygen in the Terrestrial Planets, held in Santa Fe, NM July 20-23, 2004; Oxygen in Asteroids and Meteorites, held in Flagstaff, AZ June 2-3, 2005; and Oxygen in Earliest Solar System Materials and Processes (and including the outer planets and comets), held in Gatlinburg, TN September 19-22, 2005. As a consequence of the cross-cutting approach, the final book spans a wide range of fields relating to oxygen, from the stellar nucleosynthesis of oxygen, to its occurrence in the interstellar medium, to the oxidation and isotopic record preserved in 4.56 Ga grains formed at the Solar System's birth, to its abundance and speciation in planets large and small, to its role in the petrologic and physical evolution of the terrestrial planets. Contents: Introduction Oxygen isotopes in the early Solar System - A historical perspective Abundance, notation, and fractionation of light stable isotopes Nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution of oxygen Oxygen in the interstellar medium Oxygen in the Sun Redox conditions in the solar nebula: observational, experimental, and theoretical constraints Oxygen isotopes of chondritic components Mass-independent oxygen isotope variation in the solar nebula Oxygen and other volatiles in the giant planets and their satellites Oxygen in comets and interplanetary dust particles Oxygen and asteroids Oxygen isotopes in asteroidal materials Oxygen isotopic composition and chemical correlations in meteorites and the terrestrial planets Record of low-temperature alteration in asteroids The oxygen cycle of the terrestrial planets: insights into the processing and history of oxygen in surface environments Redox conditions on small bodies, the Moon and Mars Terrestrial oxygen isotope variations and their implications for planetary lithospheres Basalts as probes of planetary interior redox state Rheological consequences of redox state
Book Synopsis Triple Oxygen Isotopes of Cherts : Implications for the Δ18O and Temperatures of Early Oceans by : Sukanya Sengupta
Download or read book Triple Oxygen Isotopes of Cherts : Implications for the Δ18O and Temperatures of Early Oceans written by Sukanya Sengupta and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Calcium Isotopes by : Elizabeth M. Griffith
Download or read book Calcium Isotopes written by Elizabeth M. Griffith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-21 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precise measurements of the calcium (Ca) isotopes have provided constraints on Ca cycling at global and local scales, and quantified rates of carbonate diagenesis in marine sedimentary systems. Key to applying Ca isotopes as a geochemical tracer of Ca cycling, carbonate (bio)mineralization, and diagenesis is an understanding of the impact of multiple factors potentially impacting Ca isotopes in the rock record. These factors include variations in stable isotopic fractionation factors, the influence of local-scale Ca cycling on Ca isotopic gradients in carbonate settings, carbonate dissolution and reprecipitation, and the relationship between the Ca isotopic composition of seawater and mineral phases that record the secular evolution of seawater chemistry.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology by : Allan S. Gilbert
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology written by Allan S. Gilbert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geoarchaeology is the archaeological subfield that focuses on archaeological information retrieval and problem solving utilizing the methods of geological investigation. Archaeological recovery and analysis are already geoarchaeological in the most fundamental sense because buried remains are contained within and removed from an essentially geological context. Yet geoarchaeological research goes beyond this simple relationship and attempts to build collaborative links between specialists in archaeology and the earth sciences to produce new knowledge about past human behavior using the technical information and methods of the geosciences. The principal goals of geoarchaeology lie in understanding the relationships between humans and their environment. These goals include (1) how cultures adjust to their ecosystem through time, (2) what earth science factors were related to the evolutionary emergence of humankind, and (3) which methodological tools involving analysis of sediments and landforms, documentation and explanation of change in buried materials, and measurement of time will allow access to new aspects of the past. This encyclopedia defines terms, introduces problems, describes techniques, and discusses theory and strategy, all in a format designed to make specialized details accessible to the public as well as practitioners. It covers subjects in environmental archaeology, dating, materials analysis, and paleoecology, all of which represent different sources of specialist knowledge that must be shared in order to reconstruct, analyze, and explain the record of the human past. It will not specifically cover sites, civilizations, and ancient cultures, etc., that are better described in other encyclopedias of world archaeology. The Editor Allan S. Gilbert is Professor of Anthropology at Fordham University in the Bronx, New York. He holds a B.A. from Rutgers University, and his M.A., M.Phil., and Ph.D. were earned at Columbia University. His areas of research interest include the Near East (late prehistory and early historic periods) as well as the Middle Atlantic region of the U.S. (historical archaeology). His specializations are in archaeozoology of the Near East and geoarchaeology, especially mineralogy and compositional analysis of pottery and building materials. Publications have covered a range of subjects, including ancient pastoralism, faunal quantification, skeletal microanatomy, brick geochemistry, and two co-edited volumes on the marine geology and geoarchaeology of the Black Sea basin.
Book Synopsis Development of a Technique for Triple Oxygen Isotope Analysis in Water by : Maximillian Troche
Download or read book Development of a Technique for Triple Oxygen Isotope Analysis in Water written by Maximillian Troche and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vanadium Isotopes by : Sune G. Nielsen
Download or read book Vanadium Isotopes written by Sune G. Nielsen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-31 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vanadium isotope ratios (51V/50V) have potential to provide information about changes in past ocean oxygen contents. In particular, V isotopes may find utility in tracing variations at non-zero oxygen concentrations because the redox couple that controls V elemental and isotopic abundances in seawater (vanadate-vanadyl) appears to operate around 10M O2. This characteristic sets V isotopes apart from many other metal isotope redox proxies that require more reducing conditions to register significant changes in their isotope budgets. The oxygen abundance sensitivity range of V isotopes suggests that this paleoproxy could be particularly useful in tracing marine oxygenation changes throughout the Phanerozoic and potentially beyond.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Paleoecology by : Warren D. Allmon
Download or read book Evolutionary Paleoecology written by Warren D. Allmon and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most important questions we can ask about life is -Does ecology matter?- Most biologists and paleontologists are trained to answer -yes, - but the exact mechanisms by which ecology matters in the context of patterns that play out over millions of years have never been entirely clear. This book examines these mechanisms and looks at how ancient environments affected evolution, focusing on long-term macroevolutionary changes as seen in the fossil record. Evolutionary paleoecology is not a new discipline. Beginning with Darwin, researchers have attempted to understand how the environment has affected evolutionary history. But as we learn more about these patterns, the search for a new synthetic view of the evolutionary process that integrates species evolution, ecology, and mass extinctions becomes ever more pressing. The present volume is a benchmark sampler of active research in this ever more active field.
Book Synopsis Earth's Earliest Biosphere by : J. William Schopf
Download or read book Earth's Earliest Biosphere written by J. William Schopf and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Description for this book, Earth's Earliest Biosphere: Its Origin and Evolution, will be forthcoming.
Book Synopsis Data of Geochemistry by : Irving Friedman
Download or read book Data of Geochemistry written by Irving Friedman and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isoptope separation factors for the stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and sulfur are plotted as a function of temperature, in degrees Celsius.
Book Synopsis Triple Oxygen Isotopes and Oxygen/argon Ratio Measurements to Enhance Coastal and Open Ocean Production/respiration Comparisons by : Johanna Gloel
Download or read book Triple Oxygen Isotopes and Oxygen/argon Ratio Measurements to Enhance Coastal and Open Ocean Production/respiration Comparisons written by Johanna Gloel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accurate measurement of marine plankton production is required to constrain the global carbon balance. Traditional methods rely on bottle incubations, which are thought to underestimate plankton production. This study presents in situ measurements of gross oxygen production (G) derived from triple oxygen isotope analysis and of net community oxygen production (N) derived from O2/Ar ratios at station L4, which is part of the Western English Channel Observatory (WECO) and a latitudinal transect through the subtropical gyres in the Atlantic Ocean in October/November 2010. G and N were determined at weekly intervals between September 2009 and September 2010 at station L4. Annual N was positive (net autotrophic) at (0.88±0.24) mol m-2 a-1 O2. The triple oxygen isotope method overestimated G during winter months due to entrainment of waters from below the mixed layer. N of (3.8 ± 3.1) mmol m-2 a-1 O2 in the North Atlantic Gyre (NAG) and (2.9 ± 2.4) mmol m-2 a-1 O2 in the South Atlantic Gyre (SAG) show both gyres to be net autotrophic at the time of sampling. G values of (169±106) mmol m-2 a-1 O2 in the NAG and (250±130) mmol m-2 a-1 O2 in the SAG were higher than published results. Diapycnal mixing was found to contribute about 20% to apparent mixed layer N in both gyres and to G in the NAG. In order to achieve these results, a gas extraction line was built and tested. A method to halt biological activity in triple oxygen isotope and discrete O2/Ar samples was assessed. Benzalkonium chloride was found to be a less toxic alternative to mercuric chloride on short time scales of three days. Our results of N agree with previous in situ productivity measurements in these regions and highlight the importance of including physical effects in the estimates of G.
Book Synopsis Isotopes in Palaeoenvironmental Research by : Melanie J. Leng
Download or read book Isotopes in Palaeoenvironmental Research written by Melanie J. Leng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-09 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough reference shows how stable isotopes can be applied to understanding the palaeoenvironment, with chapters on the interpretation of isotopes in water, tree rings, bones and teeth, lake sediments, speleothems and marine sediments. The book offers detailed advice on calibration, including a multi-proxy approach, using isotope signals from different materials or combined with other palaeoenvironmental techniques, to enhance the reliability of readings.
Book Synopsis Triple Oxygen Isotope Systematics in Evaporating Surface Water and Vapour of the Lower Atmosphere by : Jakub Surma
Download or read book Triple Oxygen Isotope Systematics in Evaporating Surface Water and Vapour of the Lower Atmosphere written by Jakub Surma and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of the Triple Oxygen Isotope Anomaly in Stratospheric CO2 Through Crossed Molecular Beam Experiments by : Mark John Perri
Download or read book Investigation of the Triple Oxygen Isotope Anomaly in Stratospheric CO2 Through Crossed Molecular Beam Experiments written by Mark John Perri and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
