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Treatment For Non Small Cell Lung Cancer In Distinct Patient Populations
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Book Synopsis Treatment for Non Small Cell Lung Cancer in Distinct Patient Populations by : Junji Uchino
Download or read book Treatment for Non Small Cell Lung Cancer in Distinct Patient Populations written by Junji Uchino and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Epidemiology of Lung Cancer by : Jonathan M. Samet
Download or read book Epidemiology of Lung Cancer written by Jonathan M. Samet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-03-08 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a historical perspective on the etiology of lung cancer, this comprehensive reference presents an in-depth analysis of the epidemiology of cancer of the lung-describing the current understanding of risk factors and the use of epidemiological data to design programs for the control of this leading cause of death worldwide.
Book Synopsis Second Line Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Aspects of Novel Promising Drugs by : Umberto Malapelle
Download or read book Second Line Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Aspects of Novel Promising Drugs written by Umberto Malapelle and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lung cancer still remains a challenging disease with a higher mortality rate in comparison to other cancers. The discovery of oncogene addicted tumours and targeted therapies responsive to these targets lead to a meaningful change in the prognosis of these diseases. Unfortunately, these newer therapeutic options are reserved to a minor part of lung cancer patients harbouring specific mutations. In the so called wild type population, the first line options bring the median overall survival to go beyond 1 year, and in the population receiving the maintenance therapy over 16 months. Given these results, more than 60% of patients may receive a second line therapy with further opportunities to improve the length and quality of life. For patients not harbouring targetable DNA mutations newer options will be available for second line therapeutic schemes and two major assets seem to be promising: immune modulation and anti-angiogenetic agents. In particular, anti PD1/PDL1 antibodies, VEGFR antibodies and TKIs, these latter combined with standard chemotherapy docetaxel advance the median overall survival of 12 months. These drugs have a different mechanism of action, various adverse events and their activity is different depending on the types of population. However, the biomarkers’ activity and efficacy prediction are not fully or totally understood. In addition, also for patients with DNA targetable mutations new drugs seems to be promising for the use in the second line therapeutic protocols. In particular, drugs selectively directed against ALK translocation and mutational events and EGFR T790M secondary mutations seems to be very promising. In this Research Topic we critically discuss the older therapies and the historical development of second line, putting in to perspective the new agents available in clinical practice. We discuss their importance from a clinical point of view, but also consider and exploit the complex molecular mechanisms responsible of their efficacy or of the subsequently observed resistance phenomena. In this perspective, the undercovering and characterization of novel predictive biomarkers by NGS technology, the characterization of novel actors in the signal transduction pathway modulating the response of the cells, the optimization of new diagnostic tool as the evaluation of liquid biopsy and the implementation of more suitable pre-clinical models are crucial aspects dissected too. Nivolumab, nintedanib and ramucirumab probably will give the opportunity to improve the efficacy outcomes for the treatment of wild type tumours in second line therapeutic schemes, but many aspects should be debated in order that these agents are made available to patients, planning ahead a therapeutic strategy, beginning from the first line therapy, to the subsequent ones in a logical and affordable manner. As well, for treatment of mutated tumours, mutated EGFR irreversible inhibitors such as rociletinib and AZD9291, and ALK targeting drugs ceritinib and alectinib will also play an important role in the immediate future. Probably the right way is to give all the available opportunities to patients, but challenges and pitfalls should be carefully debated, and by launching this Research Topic we tried to give some practical insights in this changing landscape.
Book Synopsis Local Nonsurgical Therapies for Stage I and Symptomatic Obstructive Non-small-cell Lung Cancer by : Thomas Ratko
Download or read book Local Nonsurgical Therapies for Stage I and Symptomatic Obstructive Non-small-cell Lung Cancer written by Thomas Ratko and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OBJECTIVES: We prepared this report on the comparative effectiveness and harms of lung-directed nonsurgical therapies for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in three distinct patient populations: (1) patients with stage I NSCLC who are not surgical candidates (Key Question 1), (2) patients with stage I NSCLC who are deemed operable but decline surgery (Key Question 2), and (3) patients with endoluminal NSCLC causing obstruction (Key Question 3). For stage I NSCLC, the local nonsurgical interventions could include conformal radiotherapy modalities and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). For patients with airway obstruction due to an endoluminal NSCLC, local nonsurgical interventions could include those for the stage I setting, as well as conventional wide-field radiotherapy, brachytherapy, laser and mechanical debridement, endoluminal stents, cryoablation, and photodynamic therapy. Surgical resection of any type is not considered as a comparator for any of the Key Questions. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE(r), Embase(r), and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry were searched from January 1, 1995, to July 25, 2012. A search of the gray literature included databases with regulatory information, clinical trial registries, abstracts and conference papers, and information from manufacturers. REVIEW METHODS: We sought studies reporting overall survival, cancer-specific survival, local control, symptom relief, adverse events, and quality of life among our populations of interest. Data were abstracted for each Key Question by a team of reviewers, with independent data verification. Study quality and the risk of bias of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were assessed using the United States Preventive Services Task Force criteria. The quality and risk of bias of single-arm studies were assessed using the Carey and Boden criteria. The strength of the body of evidence was assessed according to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Methods Guide. RESULTS: In our searches, we identified 4,648 unique titles and screened 1,178 in full text. Of the latter, 55 met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-five studies were relevant to Key Question 1, considering medically inoperable patients with stage I NSCLC; 6 were relevant to Key Question 2, considering medically operable patients with stage I NSCLC who decline surgery; and 17 were relevant to Key Question 3, considering patients with inoperable endoluminal NSCLC causing symptoms of obstruction. Three studies addressed both Key Questions 1 and 2. All studies relevant to Key Questions 1 and 2 were single-arm design, prospective (n=15), retrospective (n=21), or not specified (n=2). Among 17 papers included for Key Question 3, 5 were RCTs, 1 was a nonrandomized comparative study, and 11 were single-arm studies. Because comparative study evidence on RFA and debridement and stenting was unavailable for Key Question 3, we included evidence from two single-arm studies involving stents and one on RFA. All RCTs were of poor quality. Only one comparison was available per study, with no two studies examining the same set of interventions. Outcomes of therapy for all Key Questions included overall survival, adverse effects, and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence on localized nonsurgical therapies for patients with stage I NSCLC who are not surgical candidates or who decline surgery consists only of single-arm studies, with no direct comparisons among interventions. The best evidence for NSCLC patients with endoluminal obstruction consists of poor-quality single RCTs for each comparison; we did not identify evidence that permitted us to draw conclusions based on indirect comparisons. Overall, evidence is insufficient to permit conclusions on the comparative effectiveness of local nonsurgical therapies for inoperable or operable patients with stage I NSCLC or inoperable NSCLC patients with endoluminal tumor causing pulmonary symptoms.
Book Synopsis Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer by : Philip T. Cagle
Download or read book Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer written by Philip T. Cagle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As with other books in the Molecular Pathology Library Series, Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer bridges the gap between the molecular specialist and the clinical practitioner, including the surgical pathologist who now has a key role in decisions regarding molecular targeted therapy for lung cancer. Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer provides the latest information and current insights into the molecular basis for lung cancer, including precursor and preinvasive lesions, molecular diagnosis, molecular targeted therapy, molecular prognosis, molecular radiology and related fields for lung cancer generally and for the specific cell types. As many fundamental concepts about lung cancer have undergone revision in only the past few years, this book will likely be the first to comprehensively cover the new molecular pathology of lung cancer. It provides a foundation in this field for pathologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, thoracic surgeons, thoracic radiologists and their trainees, physician assistants, and nursing staff.
Download or read book Lung Cancer written by Anne C. Chiang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lung cancer has seen a paradigm shift in disease treatment over the past few years, with major changes in the therapeutic drugs now available as well as in the overall management approach. For targeted and immunotherapeutic approaches, understanding the biology of acquired resistance is a key strategy that has yielded productive advances in the subsequent treatment. Future advances also include incorporating biomarker data obtained from solid and liquid biopsies, as well as combination of immunotherapy with radiotherapy and in special populations such patients with CNS involvement.
Download or read book Lung Cancer: written by David J. Stewart and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defining the Lung Cancer Problem 1 Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world. It kills almost as many Americans as cancers of the breast, prostate, colon, rectum, pancreas, and 2 kidney combined, and accounts for 28.6% of all US cancer deaths. With an increase in the 5-year relative survival rate from 13% to only 16% in the more than 2 30 years from 1974 to the present, it will take us another 840 years to eradicate lung cancer deaths if we do not improve the current rate of progress. As discussed in this text, lung cancer prevention has received substantial att- tion. The decrease in smoking in recent decades has helped, but smoking is not the only problem. Lung cancer in people who have never smoked is currently the 5th 3 leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Several factors contribute to the lethality of lung cancer, including the rapidity of tumor growth, advanced stage at diagnosis (due to nonspecificity of early sy- toms and the uncertain efficacy of screening), early development of metastases, and resistance to therapy. Several chapters in this book discuss new molecular targets that may be potentially exploitable in the future, as well as discussing our track record to date in exploiting them.
Book Synopsis Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy by : Simon S. Lo
Download or read book Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy written by Simon S. Lo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-28 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as an important innovative treatment for various primary and metastatic cancers. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the physical/technological, biological, and clinical aspects of SBRT. It will serve as a detailed resource for this rapidly developing treatment modality. The organ sites covered include lung, liver, spine, pancreas, prostate, adrenal, head and neck, and female reproductive tract. Retrospective studies and prospective clinical trials on SBRT for various organ sites from around the world are examined, and toxicities and normal tissue constraints are discussed. This book features unique insights from world-renowned experts in SBRT from North America, Asia, and Europe. It will be necessary reading for radiation oncologists, radiation oncology residents and fellows, medical physicists, medical physics residents, medical oncologists, surgical oncologists, and cancer scientists.
Book Synopsis Fast Facts: Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer by : Mary O'Brien
Download or read book Fast Facts: Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer written by Mary O'Brien and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2022-02-28 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite an overall decrease in tobacco use, lung cancer (80–85% of which is non-small-cell lung cancer [NSCLC]) is still the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women worldwide. Annual low-dose CT screening of high-risk individuals has the potential to detect early-stage tumors, which can usually be successfully treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and, in some cases, targeted therapy. However, most patients with NSCLC still present with advanced or metastatic disease. For these patients, initial therapy is guided by the tumor’s molecular characteristics and patient’s performance status. Targeted therapies have significantly improved clinical outcomes and, for some patients with no targetable genetic alterations, immunotherapy has demonstrated significant overall survival benefit. This insightful guide is designed to bring you up to speed with the latest developments and is important reading for all health professionals and medical trainees working in this fast-moving field. Table of Contents: • Prevention and screening • Diagnosis and staging • Surgery • Radiotherapy • Systemic therapy in non-metastatic NSCLC • Systemic therapy in advanced-stage/metastatic disease without a molecular driver • Personalized treatment in advanced NSCLC • Oligometastatic disease and brain metastases
Book Synopsis Thoracic Malignancies by : Steven E. Schild, MD
Download or read book Thoracic Malignancies written by Steven E. Schild, MD and published by Demos Medical Publishing. This book was released on 2010-03-08 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoracic Malignancies: Thoracic Malignancies is the first title in Radiation Medicine Rounds. These tumors take more lives than any others and they are among the most preventable of tumors. Thus it is crucial for the practitioner to be up-to-date on the latest insights regarding their management. Thoracic Malignancies addresses the multi-disciplinary nature of the care of these tumors. There is representation from radiation oncology, medical oncology, and surgery ensuring a well-rounded summarization of current practice. Included are chapters on lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and thymomas providing coverage of the vast majority of thoracic tumors. The multi-disciplinary nature of the articles provides readers with an up-to-date summary and a well-rounded review regarding these tumors and their care. Expert authors provide reviews and assessments of the most recent data and its implications for current clinical practice, along with insights into emerging new trends of importance for the near future. About the Series Radiation Medicine Rounds is an invited review publication providing a thorough analysis of new scientific, technologic, and clinical advances in all areas of radiation medicine. There is an emphasis throughout on multidisciplinary approaches to the specialty, as well as on quality and outcomes analysis. Published three times a year Radiation Medicine Rounds provides authoritative, thorough assessments of a wide range of Ïhot topicsÓ and emerging new data for the entire specialty of radiation medicine. Features of Radiation Medicine Rounds include: Editorial board of nationally recognized experts across the spectrum of radiation medicine In-depth, up-to-date expert reviews and analysis of major new developments in all areas of Radiation Medicine Issues edited by an authority in specific subject area Focuses on major topics in Radiation Medicine with in-depth articles covering advances in radiation science radiation medicine technology, radiation medicine practice, and assessment of recent quality and outcomes studies Emphasizes multidisciplinary approaches to research and practice
Author :Anne-Marie Baird Publisher :Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN 13 :3318072494 Total Pages :39 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (18 download)
Book Synopsis Fast Facts for Patients: Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with KRAS Mutation by : Anne-Marie Baird
Download or read book Fast Facts for Patients: Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with KRAS Mutation written by Anne-Marie Baird and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of two main types of lung cancer. Some lung cancers spread to other parts of the body before they are diagnosed. A cancer that has spread is called ‘metastatic’. New lung cancer treatments are being developed that directly target the gene mutations that control how cancers grow and spread. The most important gene mutations in cancer are called ‘driver mutations’. In NSCLC, this includes KRAS mutations, which can be used as targets for treatment. There are new treatments designed for lung cancers with a KRAS mutation that are already available. And more are being developed. Treatments in development are tested in clinical trials. There are several different phases of clinical trials that people with cancer can take part in. This booklet aims to help patients with NSCLC understand their options so that they can talk to their doctors, nurses, and medical team about their cancer and its treatment. Table of Contents: • What is non-small cell lung cancer? • How can lung cancer develop? • What is metastatic NSCLC? • More about genes and cancer • Oncogenes and cancer • Driver mutations and biomarkers • How your doctor knows your cancer is KRAS-positive • More about KRAS • What does having a KRAS-positive cancer mean for me? • Talking to your doctor about your treatment • About clinical trials and research • Finding further information and support
Book Synopsis Treatment of Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by : Paul G. Shekelle
Download or read book Treatment of Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer written by Paul G. Shekelle and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women in the United States, and male Veterans seeking care at VA hospitals have a much higher age-specific incidence of lung cancer than males in the general population. The personal and economic significance of lung cancer has led to a vast research endeavor to try and identify new and more effective treatments. Most patients with lung cancer are diagnosed when the cancer is already advanced (stage IIIB or IV), and they are no longer candidates for surgical resection. Small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are different diseases in terms of treatment. Until recently, all therapies for advanced NSCLC were based on their cytotoxic properties. In the last few years, several novel agents aimed at specific molecular targets have been developed. This review was requested to evaluate the current evidence on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of treatments for advanced lung cancer.
Book Synopsis Histological Typing of Lung and Pleural Tumours by : W.D. Travis
Download or read book Histological Typing of Lung and Pleural Tumours written by W.D. Travis and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: with contributions by Pathologists from 14 Countries
Book Synopsis Targeted Therapies for Lung Cancer by : Ravi Salgia
Download or read book Targeted Therapies for Lung Cancer written by Ravi Salgia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contextualizes translational research and provides an up to date progress report on therapies that are currently being targeted in lung cancer. It is now well established that there is tremendous heterogeneity among cancer cells both at the inter- and intra-tumoral level. Further, a growing body of work highlights the importance of targeted therapies and personalized medicine in treating cancer patients. In contrast to conventional therapies that are typically administered to the average patient regardless of the patient’s genotype, targeted therapies are tailored to patients with specific traits. Nonetheless, such genetic changes can be disease-specific and/or target specific; thus, the book addresses these issues manifested in the somatically acquired genetic changes of the targeted gene. Each chapter is written by a leading medical oncologist who specializes in thoracic oncology and is devoted to a particular target in a specific indication. Contributors provide an in-depth review of the literature covering the mechanisms underlying signaling, potential cross talk between the target and downstream signaling, and potential emergence of drug resistance.
Book Synopsis Lung Cancer PART II, An Issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine by : M. Patricia Rivera
Download or read book Lung Cancer PART II, An Issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine written by M. Patricia Rivera and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-06-04 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine, guest-edited by Dr. M. Patricia Rivera, is the second of two issues focused on Lung Cancer. Topics discussed in this issue include but are not limited to: Lung Cancer TNM Staging: The 8th Edition; New Surgical Approaches in the Treatment of NSCLC; Alternatives to Surgery for Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Stereotactic Radiotherapy; Alternatives to Surgery for Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Thermal Ablation; Advances in the Treatment of Stage III NSCLC; Advances in Treatment of NSCLC: Targeted Therapy; Advances in the Treatment of NSCLC: Immunotherapy; Treatment of Oligometastatic Disease in NSCLC; Management of Malignant Pleural Effusions; Advances in the Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer; Palliative Care and the Role of the Primary Care Physician in Lung Cancer Care; Pulmonary Complications of Immunotherapy; and Pulmonary Complications of Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy.
Book Synopsis Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer by : Frank C. Detterbeck
Download or read book Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer written by Frank C. Detterbeck and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2001 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Access comprehensive, multidisciplinary guidance on the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer! This new resource addresses the full range of clinical issues in diagnosis, staging, and treatment, as well as the latest scientific data and evidence-based guidelines. A user-friendlyorganization provides quick reference to data summaries, as well as more comprehensive and detailed information for readers who wish to explore topics in depth. Features contributions by authors from many different disciplines, to ensure a balanced approach. Addresses the clinical issues seen in practice, with the inclusion of basic science research topics that are likely to be put into clinical practice soon. Integrates evidence-based medicine throughout. Assesses the strength of all available dataenabling readers to weigh different arguments and make decisions based on medical issues, values, and the availability and efficacy of interventionsusing a data rating system. Addresses difficult, but clinically relevant issues for which limited data is available. Enables readers to quickly reference findings and data in data summary statements and summary tables.
Book Synopsis The Value of Performance-based Risk Sharing Arrangements in the United States by : Harry Lee
Download or read book The Value of Performance-based Risk Sharing Arrangements in the United States written by Harry Lee and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the health and financial implications of implementing a PBRSA along with lower patient cost sharing for two distinct PBRSAs in a case study of first-line pembrolizumab (PEMB) therapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. METHODS: We evaluated two distinct PBRSAs based on surrogate endpoints from the pivotal KEYNOTE-024 trial for a hypothetical treated population of 50 patients. The first PBRSA is an example of a conditional treatment continuation (CTC-PBRSA) arrangement in which a 25% rebate or manufacturer (MFTR) risk share of PEMB costs is applied to all in patients the first four months and subsequently dropped for patients who achieve or maintain an objective response. The second PBRSA is an outcome guarantee arrangement (OG-PBRSA), where the payer is reimbursed based on the duration of progression free survival realized by each patient relative to an outcome target of ten months. To evaluate the potential health and cost implications of these PBRSAs along with lower patient cost sharing we developed a partitioned survival model composed of three health states: PFS, disease progression, and death. Parametric survival curves were fit using published survival data from pivotal clinical trials and survival was extrapolated for a lifetime time horizon using one-week increments. Model parameters such as survival, drug utilization rates, adverse event rates, utilities, and costs were derived from clinical trials and other published sources. The analysis was performed from a third-party payer perspective. RESULTS: In our hypothetical treated population of 50 patients, three additional patients were treated with PEMB under our PBRSAs at an additional drug cost of approximately $600,000, excluding drug rebates, compared to the base case. The payer received drug rebate amounts of $460,000 under the CTC-PBRSA and $113,000 under the OG-PBRSA. Average lifetime QALYs were 1.64 for the base case and 1.67 for both of our PBRSAs, which produced an incremental cost per QALY of $85,000 and $321,000 for the CTC-PBRSA and OG-PBRSA compared to traditional reimbursement practices, respectively. From our sensitivity analysis, the initial cost of implementing a pilot PBRSA was found to be the most influential parameter for both of our PBRSAs. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our decision model showed the CTC-PBRSA was more cost-effective than the OG-PBRSA with similar MFTR risk sharing of drug costs relative to the base case. Our findings suggest the barriers to the use of PBRSAs in the US health care environment are not insurmountable, and their use along with lower patient cost sharing may lead to cost savings and improved health outcomes. However, the generalizability of our results is limited to the specific terms of our PBRSAs, which reaffirms the need to carefully structure and implement PBRSAs based on the needs and demographics of the patient population of interest.
