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Transportation Issues In The Delivery Of Gtl Products From Alaskan North Slope To Market
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Book Synopsis TRANSPORTATION ISSUES IN THE DELIVERY OF GTL PRODUCTS FROM ALASKAN NORTH SLOPE TO MARKET. by :
Download or read book TRANSPORTATION ISSUES IN THE DELIVERY OF GTL PRODUCTS FROM ALASKAN NORTH SLOPE TO MARKET. written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Alaskan North Slope (ANS) is one of the largest hydrocarbon reserves in the United States where Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) technology can be successfully implemented. The proven and recoverable reserves of conventional natural gas in the developed and undeveloped fields in the Alaskan North Slope (ANS) are estimated to be 38 trillion standard cubic feet (TCF) and estimates of additional undiscovered gas reserves in the Arctic field range from 64 TCF to 142 TCF. Because the domestic gas market in the continental United States is located thousands of miles from the ANS, transportation of the natural gas from the remote ANS to the market is the key issue in effective utilization of this valuable and abundant resource. The focus of this project is to study the operational challenges involved in transporting the gas in converted liquid (GTL) form through the existing Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). A three-year, comprehensive research program was undertaken by the Petroleum Development Laboratory, University of Alaska Fairbanks, under cooperative agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40016 to study the feasibility of transporting GTL products through TAPS. Cold restart of TAPS following an extended winter shutdown and solids deposition in the pipeline were identified as the main transportation issues in moving GTL products through the pipeline. The scope of work in the current project (Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-01NT41248) included preparation of fluid samples for the experiments to be conducted to augment the comprehensive research program.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Gas-to-liquid (GTL) Technology and Its Application to Transportation of Alaskan North Slope (ANS) Natural Gas as GTL Products by : Congbiao Liu
Download or read book Evaluation of Gas-to-liquid (GTL) Technology and Its Application to Transportation of Alaskan North Slope (ANS) Natural Gas as GTL Products written by Congbiao Liu and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Gas-To-Liquid (GTL) processes via Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis, options for Alaskan North Slope (ANS) gas utilization and transportation of GTL products are reviewed. GTL processes including synthesis gas production, F-T synthesis and upgrading of F-T products are evaluated and selected. Options for ANS gas utilization are compared. Range of product compositions for GTL processes are determined. Transportation modes of GTL products are identified and discussed. Various transportation issues and the GTL testing plan to address these issues are proposed. Properties of GTL products are predicted by using a commercial PVT simulator named WINPROP. The GTL option offers a promising choice for bringing ANS natural gas to market. As the cost of synthesis gas production decreases, GTL products can compete with crude oil refined products. The batch mode may be preferable to the blending mode for transportation of GTL products and crude oil"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis STUDY OF TRANSPORTATION OF GTL PRODUCTS FROM ALASKAN NORTH SLOPE (ANS) TO MARKETS. by :
Download or read book STUDY OF TRANSPORTATION OF GTL PRODUCTS FROM ALASKAN NORTH SLOPE (ANS) TO MARKETS. written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Alaskan North Slope is one of the largest hydrocarbon reserves in the US where Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) technology can be successfully implemented. The proven and recoverable reserves of conventional natural gas in the developed and undeveloped fields in the Alaskan North Slope (ANS) are estimated to be 38 trillion standard cubic feet (TCF) and estimates of additional undiscovered gas reserves in the Arctic field range from 64 TCF to 142 TCF. Transportation of the natural gas from the remote ANS is the key issue in effective utilization of this valuable and abundance resource. The throughput of oil through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) has been on decline and is expected to continue to decline in future. It is projected that by the year 2015, ANS crude oil production will decline to such a level that there will be a critical need for pumping additional liquid from GTL process to provide an adequate volume for economic operation of TAPS. The pumping of GTL products through TAPS will significantly increase its economic life. Transporting GTL products from the North Slope of Alaska down to the Marine terminal at Valdez is no doubt the great challenge facing the Gas to Liquids options of utilizing the abundant natural gas resource of the North Slope. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate and assess the economic feasibility of transporting GTL products through the TAPS. Material testing program for GTL and GTL/Crude oil blends was designed and implemented for measurement of physical properties of GTL products. The measurement and evaluation of the properties of these materials were necessary so as to access the feasibility of transporting such materials through TAPS under cold arctic conditions. Results of the tests indicated a trend of increasing yield strength with increasing wax content. GTL samples exhibited high gel strengths at temperatures as high as 20 F, which makes it difficult for cold restart following winter shutdowns. Simplified analytical models were developed to study the flow of GTL and GTL/crude oil blends through TAPS in both commingled and batch flow models. The economics of GTL transportations by either commingled or batching mode were evaluated. The choice of mode of transportation of GTL products through TAPS would depend on the expected purity of the product and a trade-off between loss in product value due to contamination and cost of keeping the product pure at the discharge terminal.
Book Synopsis Phase Behavior Analysis of Gas-to-liquid (GTL) Products for Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System by : Amit Prakash Sharma
Download or read book Phase Behavior Analysis of Gas-to-liquid (GTL) Products for Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System written by Amit Prakash Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The natural gas reserves on the North Slope of Alaska can be converted to a high premium liquid product using the Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) technology. The GTL product can be transported from the North Slope of Alaska to the southern port of Alaska through the Trans Alaska Pipeline system (TAPS). In this study, experimental work done in the laboratory to determine the phase behavior and fluid properties of the GTL products and their blends with North Slope crude oil has been presented. To transport the fluid, it becomes necessary to investigate the phase behavior of the fluid at pipeline conditions. Bubble point measurements were conducted to determine, in what phase the TAPS crude oil and GTL blends will exist when being transported through TAPS. Density and viscosity measurements were done to facilitate the fluid property modeling at elevated pressure conditions. The bubble point obtained using the DB Robinson's phase behavior apparatus were used for verifying the accuracy of the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) and the Peng-Robinson (PR) Equation of State (EOS) for predicting the phase behavior of GTL, TAPS crude and their blends. The results indicate that the GTL and GTL/crude oil blends will always exist as a single-phase liquid, hence two phase problems associated with transportation of the GTL can be ignored. The PR and the SRK equation of state can be used for modeling the phase behavior of the commingled fluid through TAPS. The Peng-Robinson equation of state and the Pederson principle of corresponding state have been used for modeling the density and viscosity of the GTL and GTL/crude oil blends"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation on the Transportation of Commingled Blends of Gas-to-liquid (GTL) Products and Alaskan Heavy Crude Oil Through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) by : Chidiebere G. C. Igbokwe
Download or read book Experimental Investigation on the Transportation of Commingled Blends of Gas-to-liquid (GTL) Products and Alaskan Heavy Crude Oil Through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) written by Chidiebere G. C. Igbokwe and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Heavy oil deposits in the West Sak and Ugnu formations are currently considered as potential resources to address the issue of declining oil production on Alaska's North Slope (ANS). Similarly, an estimated proven and recoverable ANS gas reserve of 38 trillion cubic feet (TCF) can be converted to high premium Gas-to-Liquid products which may be commingled with Alaskan heavy oil products. These commingled blends of GTL and Alaska heavy oil can be transported through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). The primary operational issues that could affect the transportation of these fluids through TAPS are: pump ability of the heavy oil, cold restart following a prolonged shut down, and solid deposition in the pipeline. Since TAPS was originally designed to carry light to medium, low viscosity crude oil, transporting heavy or viscous oil may cause problems with the overall hydraulics. In this study, ANS crude oil was distilled and the heavy fraction cuts (~18° API gravity) were commingled with ANS crude oil and GTL samples for evaluation. Density and viscosity results showed that addition of GTL significantly reduced heavy oil viscosity to present TAPS conditions. However, solid deposition was observed to be a potential problem"--Leaf iv.
Book Synopsis Economic Evaluation of Gas to Liquids (GTL) Product Transportation Through the Trans Alaska Pipeline Systems (TAPS) by : Nkemakonam Ejiofor
Download or read book Economic Evaluation of Gas to Liquids (GTL) Product Transportation Through the Trans Alaska Pipeline Systems (TAPS) written by Nkemakonam Ejiofor and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Alaska North Slope is a potential candidate for the Gas to Liquid (GTL) technology. With over 38 Tcf of natural gas reserves stranded on the Alaska North Slope, the GTL technology is considered as a possible method of harnessing the abundant resources. GTL fuels are environmentally friendly (sulfur free) with better ignition and burning properties than conventional petroleum products from crude oil. Evaluating the options of transporting GTL products through the existing Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) together with crude oil either as a blend of crude oil and GTL (commingled) or as alternate slugs of each product (batching) is the main focus of this study. Economic evaluation using Rate of Return analysis to identify the most favorable mode of transportation of the GTL products was performed. Batching, using the modem tracking and sensor techniques was found to be the most economic method yielding the highest return on investment"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Economic Evaluation of Gas to Liquids (GTL), Crude Oil Commingled Product Transportation Through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) by : Adejoke Motunrayo Ibironke
Download or read book Economic Evaluation of Gas to Liquids (GTL), Crude Oil Commingled Product Transportation Through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) written by Adejoke Motunrayo Ibironke and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Alaska North Slope is a potential candidate for the Gas to Liquid (GTL) technology. With over 38 TCF of natural gas reserves stranded on the Alaska North Slope, the GTL technology is considered as a possible method of harnessing the abundant resources. GTL fuels are environmentally friendly (sulfur free) with better ignition and burning properties than conventional petroleum products from crude oil. Economic evaluation using Rate of Return analysis and the Net Present Value (NPV) to identify the most favorable commingled mode for the transportation of the GTL products was performed. The Crystal Ball software was also used to run sensitivity analysis by using the probabilistic approach to give a clear view of the various scenarios on the project economics. Evaluating the options of transporting GTL products as a blend (Commingled) with the Alaska North Slope Crude Oil through the existing Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) is the main focus of this study"--Leaf iv.
Book Synopsis Operational Challenges in Gas-To-Liquid (GTL) Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). by : Santanu Khataniar
Download or read book Operational Challenges in Gas-To-Liquid (GTL) Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS). written by Santanu Khataniar and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil production from Alaskan North Slope oil fields has steadily declined. In the near future, ANS crude oil production will decline to such a level (200,000 to 400,000 bbl/day) that maintaining economic operation of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) will require pumping alternative products through the system. Heavy oil deposits in the West Sak and Ugnu formations are a potential resource, although transporting these products involves addressing important sedimentation issues. One possibility is the use of Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) technology. Estimated recoverable gas reserves of 38 trillion cubic feet (TCF) on the North Slope of Alaska can be converted to liquid with GTL technology and combined with the heavy oils for a product suitable for pipeline transport. Issues that could affect transport of this such products through TAPS include pumpability of GTL and crude oil blends, cold restart of the pipeline following a prolonged winter shutdown, and solids deposition inside the pipeline. This study examined several key fluid properties of GTL, crude oil and four selected blends under TAPS operating conditions. Key measurements included Reid Vapor Pressure, density and viscosity, PVT properties, and solids deposition. Results showed that gel strength is not a significant factor for the ratios of GTL-crude oil blend mixtures (1:1; 1:2; 1:3; 1:4) tested under TAPS cold re-start conditions at temperatures above - 20 F, although Bingham fluid flow characteristics exhibited by the blends at low temperatures indicate high pumping power requirements following prolonged shutdown. Solids deposition is a major concern for all studied blends. For the commingled flow profile studied, decreased throughput can result in increased and more rapid solid deposition along the pipe wall, resulting in more frequent pigging of the pipeline or, if left unchecked, pipeline corrosion.
Book Synopsis Oil and Natural Gas by : V. C. Mtsiva
Download or read book Oil and Natural Gas written by V. C. Mtsiva and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political words, machinations and policies galore cannot disguise US dependence on foreign petroleum and natural gas to keep the country moving. The ever-changing geopolitical scene complicates the pictures as does US willingness to use military force to keep the spigots open. This new book presents and analyses the current issues in this big-money, big-risk and non-trivial field.
Book Synopsis Decision and Report to Congress on the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System by :
Download or read book Decision and Report to Congress on the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :296 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (512 download)
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline by : United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis
Download or read book An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline written by United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comments on the "Decision and Report to Congress on the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System" Issued by the President, September 22, 1977 by : United States. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Download or read book Comments on the "Decision and Report to Congress on the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System" Issued by the President, September 22, 1977 written by United States. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Options for Gas-to-Liquids Technology in Alaska by :
Download or read book Options for Gas-to-Liquids Technology in Alaska written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purposes of this work was to assess the effect of applying new technology to the economics of a proposed natural gas-to-liquids (GTL) plant, to evaluate the potential of a slower-paced, staged deployment of GTL technology, and to evaluate the effect of GTL placement of economics. Five scenarios were economically evaluated and compared: a no-major-gas-sales scenario, a gas-pipeline/LNG scenario, a fast-paced GTL development scenario, a slow-paced GTL development scenario, and a scenario which places the GTL plant in lower Alaska, instead of on the North Slope. Evaluations were completed using an after-tax discounted cash flow analysis. Results indicate that the slow-paced GTL scenario is the only one with a rate of return greater than 10 percent. The slow-paced GTL development would allow cost saving on subsequent expansions. These assumed savings, along with the lowering of the transportation tariff, combine to distinquish this option for marketing the North Slope gas from the other scenarios. Critical variables that need further consideration include the GTL plant cost, the GTL product premium, and operating and maintenance costs.
Book Synopsis Northeast National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPR-A) by :
Download or read book Northeast National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPR-A) written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline by : United States. Dept. of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis
Download or read book An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline written by United States. Dept. of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :16 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Issues Concerning the Transportation of Alaska Natural Gas by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs
Download or read book Issues Concerning the Transportation of Alaska Natural Gas written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :218 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (3 download)
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline: Supplement: energy and policy alternatives by : United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis
Download or read book An Analysis of the Economic and Security Aspects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline: Supplement: energy and policy alternatives written by United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Economic Analysis and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
