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Toxic Fumes From Explosives
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Book Synopsis Toxic Fumes from Explosives by : Robert F. Chaiken
Download or read book Toxic Fumes from Explosives written by Robert F. Chaiken and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bureau of Mines has carried out experimental and theoretical studies with prilled and pulverized ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (AN-FO) mixtures containing varying amounts of fuel oil in an attempt to quantify the effects of stoichiometric composition, nonideal detonation behavior, and expansion volume on the production of CO, NO, and NO/sub 2/ fumes. Experimental fume measurements were obtained in the Bureau's large closed gallery facility (7.2 x 10/sup 4/ liter expansion chamber) and in the standard Crawshaw-Jones apparatus (90-liter expansion chamber) using a prepackaged charge configuration containing about 450 g of explosives. The theoretical calculation of toxic fumes was achieved with an equilibrium detonation code called TIGER. Contrary to initial expectations, the NO/sub x/ (= NO + NO/sub 2/) fumes from the large gallery test were found to be in essential agreement with the Crawshaw-Jones results. It was also concluded that TIGER calculations offer a good approach to the prediction of toxic fumes; there is a basic problem in extrapolating laboratory measurements of CO fumes to mine conditions, this being due to postdetonation oxidation of CO to CO/sub 2/; and the detonation velocity decay rate of an explosive is a useful experimental parameter for correlating toxic fumes production with nonideal detonation behavior.
Download or read book Toxic Fumes from Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bureau of Mines has carried out experimental and theoretical studies with prilled and pulverized ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (AN-FO) mixtures containing varying amounts of fuel oil in an attempt to quantify the effects of stoichiometric composition, nonideal detonation behavior, and expansion volume on the production of CO, NO, and NO2 fumes. Experimental fume measurements were obtained in the Bureau's large closed gallery facility (7.2 x 104 liter expansion chamber) and in the standard Crawshaw-Jones apparatus (90-liter expansion chamber) using a prepackaged charge configuration containing about 450 g of explosives. The theoretical calculation of toxic fumes was achieved with an equilibrium detonation code called TIGER. Contrary to initial expectations, the NO(subscript x) (= NO + NO2) fumes from the large gallery test were found to be in essential agreement with the Crawshaw-Jones results. It was also concluded that TIGER calculations offer a good approach to the prediction of toxic fumes; there is a basic problem in extrapolating laboratory measurements of CO fumes to mine conditions, this being due to postdetonation oxidation of CO to CO2; and the detonation velocity decay rate of an explosive is a useful experimental parameter for correlating toxic fumes production with nonideal detonation behavior.
Book Synopsis Toxic Gases from 60 Per Cent Gelatin Explosives by : George St. John Perrott
Download or read book Toxic Gases from 60 Per Cent Gelatin Explosives written by George St. John Perrott and published by . This book was released on 1930 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Toxic Fumes from Explosives - Ammonium Nitrate-fuel Oil Mixtures by : R. F. Chaiken
Download or read book Toxic Fumes from Explosives - Ammonium Nitrate-fuel Oil Mixtures written by R. F. Chaiken and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Toxic Fumes from Shock Damaged Permissible Explosives by : Thomas C. Ruhe
Download or read book Toxic Fumes from Shock Damaged Permissible Explosives written by Thomas C. Ruhe and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Toxicity and Metabolism of Explosives by : Jehuda Yinon
Download or read book Toxicity and Metabolism of Explosives written by Jehuda Yinon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-06-30 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this important monograph is to provide the reader with a better understanding of the toxicity, channels of absorption, and metabolism of explosives by the body. This one-of-a-kind work also incorporates the symptoms and clinical manifestations of poisoning by these compounds. It discusses how the disposal of explosives and their degr
Book Synopsis Analysis of Noncoal Mine Atmospheres by : MSA Research Corporation
Download or read book Analysis of Noncoal Mine Atmospheres written by MSA Research Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Emergency Response Guidebook by : U.S. Department of Transportation
Download or read book Emergency Response Guidebook written by U.S. Department of Transportation and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-06-03 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.
Book Synopsis Small Scale Study of the Role of The Muckpile in the Blasting Fumes of Commercial Explosives by :
Download or read book Small Scale Study of the Role of The Muckpile in the Blasting Fumes of Commercial Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blasting fumes are an important safety topic for the mining industry because toxic fumes are generated by the detonation of explosives. Prediction of the amount and concentration of blasting fumes is important for underground mines to provide enough ventilation to ensure worker safety. The production of toxic fumes in open pit mines is a significant hazard to workers and surrounding communities because fumes are easily able to travel from the blast zone with wind. An important hazard often overlooked is the potential for blasting fumes to remain trapped in the blasted material until it is handled or for the fumes to slowly escape to the atmosphere. The present investigation into blasting fumes examines the real time concentrations of the fumes produced after detonation using a continual gas analyzer. The fumes analyzed were nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The first set of experiments studied the effect of accepted factors affecting fume production, mainly product formulation and confinement. The second set of experiments simulated fumes travelling through blasted material in an attempt to measure the portion of fumes that remain trapped after detonation and to observe the fume output over a long amount of time. This improves on previous studies by analyzing the sample continuously throughout the period of concern, instead of obtaining few discrete samples that require offsite analysis. The results show product formulation and type are major factors of toxic fume production. Emulsion explosives produced very little toxic fumes and ANFO, no matter the composition, would always produce some amount of toxic fume. On average, ANFO produced 4.5 times the amount of CO and 7.5 times the amount of NO2 as compared to the emulsion explosive. In the case of ANFO, confinement has a significant effect on toxic fume production. The set of experiments on fume entrapment indicated significant amounts, up to 70%, of blasting fumes are trapped in the muckpile and are released when the muckpile is disturbed, presenting potential health hazards to workers in the area.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Noncoal Mine Atmospheres by :
Download or read book Analysis of Noncoal Mine Atmospheres written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Chemistry of Explosives by : Jacqueline Akhavan
Download or read book The Chemistry of Explosives written by Jacqueline Akhavan and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Revised and expanded to reflect new developments in the field, this book outlines the basic principles required to understand the chemical processes of explosives. The Chemistry of Explosives provides an overview of the history of explosives, taking the reader to future developments. The text on the classification of explosive materials contains much data on the physical parameters of primary and secondary explosives. The explosive processes of deflagration and detonation, including the theory of 'hotspots' for the detonation process, are introduced and many examples are provided in the detailed description on the thermochemistry of explosives. New material includes coverage of the latest explosive compositions, such as high temperature explosives, nitrocubanes, energetic polymers, plasticizers and insensitive munitions (IM). This concise, readable book is ideal for 'A' level students and new graduates with no previous knowledge of explosive materials. With detailed information on a vast range of explosives in tabular form and an extensive bibliography, this book will also be useful to anyone needing succinct information on the subject."
Download or read book Explosives written by Rudolf Meyer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-08 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This world-famous work has been enlarged and updated without tampering with its tried and tested format. Around 500 alphabetically ordered, monographic entries consider the physicochemical properties, production methods and safe applications of over 120 explosive chemicals, while discussing 70 fuels, additives and oxidizing agents and describing the relevant test methods. The extensive thermodynamic data has been thoroughly updated and now also provided on a CD-ROM compiled by the Fraunhofer Institute of Chemical Technology. This excerpt from the ICT Thermodynamical Database not only includes additional thermodynamic data, and references to further reading, but also features enhanced search facilities. Other key features include a 1,500-entry combined index and glossary with terms and abbreviations in English, French and German, conversion tables and numerous literature references. A handy reference for explosive experts and also for translators, public authorities and patent lawyers. From reviews of previous editions: '... This wealth of information and an index that comprises some 1500 keywords and several conversion tables make this a unique source of knowledge for anybody working with explosives.' (Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics)
Book Synopsis Safety Recommendations for Sensitized Ammonium Nitrate Blasting Agents by : United States. Bureau of Mines
Download or read book Safety Recommendations for Sensitized Ammonium Nitrate Blasting Agents written by United States. Bureau of Mines and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Explosives and Blasting Technique by : R. Holmberg
Download or read book Explosives and Blasting Technique written by R. Holmberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work covers such topics as: EU directives and harmonization work; health, safety and environment; recent technical development - products and processes; shot hole development; and management of blasting operations.
Book Synopsis Design Considerations for Toxic Chemical and Explosives Facilities by : Ralph A. Scott
Download or read book Design Considerations for Toxic Chemical and Explosives Facilities written by Ralph A. Scott and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Explosive and Toxic Hazardous Materials by : James H. Meidl
Download or read book Explosive and Toxic Hazardous Materials written by James H. Meidl and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309464072 Total Pages :215 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Reducing the Threat of Improvised Explosive Device Attacks by Restricting Access to Explosive Precursor Chemicals by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Reducing the Threat of Improvised Explosive Device Attacks by Restricting Access to Explosive Precursor Chemicals written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-05-19 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are a type of unconventional explosive weapon that can be deployed in a variety of ways, and can cause loss of life, injury, and property damage in both military and civilian environments. Terrorists, violent extremists, and criminals often choose IEDs because the ingredients, components, and instructions required to make IEDs are highly accessible. In many cases, precursor chemicals enable this criminal use of IEDs because they are used in the manufacture of homemade explosives (HMEs), which are often used as a component of IEDs. Many precursor chemicals are frequently used in industrial manufacturing and may be available as commercial products for personal use. Guides for making HMEs and instructions for constructing IEDs are widely available and can be easily found on the internet. Other countries restrict access to precursor chemicals in an effort to reduce the opportunity for HMEs to be used in IEDs. Although IED attacks have been less frequent in the United States than in other countries, IEDs remain a persistent domestic threat. Restricting access to precursor chemicals might contribute to reducing the threat of IED attacks and in turn prevent potentially devastating bombings, save lives, and reduce financial impacts. Reducing the Threat of Improvised Explosive Device Attacks by Restricting Access to Explosive Precursor Chemicals prioritizes precursor chemicals that can be used to make HMEs and analyzes the movement of those chemicals through United States commercial supply chains and identifies potential vulnerabilities. This report examines current United States and international regulation of the chemicals, and compares the economic, security, and other tradeoffs among potential control strategies.
