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Towards An Inclusive Equitable And Sustainable National Pension System In Iraq
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Book Synopsis Towards an Inclusive, Equitable and Sustainable National Pension System in Iraq by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Towards an Inclusive, Equitable and Sustainable National Pension System in Iraq written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-04-30 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pension system is at the heart of social protection. By ensuring income security for older persons and other vulnerable groups, it prevents poverty, reduces inequality, and facilitates consumption smoothing. A pension system also affects the working population’s labor market choices and has important fiscal implications. Iraq’s current pension system is highly fragmented, inequitable, and inefficient. First, it fails to provide adequate income protection to most of Iraqi’s old age population and other vulnerable groups, such as survivors and persons with disability. Second, the public sector pension is already putting substantial pressure on the budget and is potentially unsustainable given the projected acceleration of the total pension bill due to recent policy changes. Third, it sets an uneven playing field between the public and private sectors, contributing to the continued expansion of an already outsized civil service and holding back much-needed economic diversification and private sector growth. Thus, a comprehensive pension reform is urgently needed. Based on collaboration between the IMF, ILO and the World Bank this policy note aims to: 1) Provide an assessment of the existing public and private pension system across the four dimensions: fiscal sustainability; labor market implications; coverage; and adequacy of benefits. 2) Develop and propose options to adjust the pension system with a view to making it fiscally sustainable, more inclusive and adequate, and conducive to private sector development and labor market formalization. 3) Provide a basis to engage key stakeholders—including workers, employers organizations and the civil society—on strategies to achieve a more inclusive system, importantly by including workers in the informal economy, female workers, workers with disabilities, and other disadvantaged groups.
Download or read book Iraq written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-02-03 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iraq: Selected Issues
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 : Total Pages :68 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Iraq by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book Iraq written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-05-16 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Domestic stability has improved since the new government took office in October 2022. This has facilitated the passage of Iraq’s first three-year budget, which entailed a large fiscal expansion starting in 2023. The non-oil economy has rebounded strongly in 2023 after stalling in 2022 and was largely unaffected by the ongoing conflict in the region. Nonetheless, Iraq remains highly vulnerable to oil price fluctuations and private sector activity is hindered by the large state footprint—including as an employer of first resort—corruption, red tape, underdeveloped infrastructure, and poor access to credit.
Book Synopsis Reforming the Greek Pension System by : Mr. Alvar Kangur
Download or read book Reforming the Greek Pension System written by Mr. Alvar Kangur and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Greek pension system has been costly, complex, and distortive, which has contributed to Greece’s fiscal problems and discouraged labor force participation. Several attempts to reform the system faltered due to lack of implementation, pushback by vested interests, and court rulings leading to reversals. A series of reforms introduced throughout 2015–17 unified benefit and contribution rules, removed several distortions and reduced fragmentation and costs. If fully implemented throughout the long-term, these reforms can go a long way towards enhancing the pension system affordability. However, reforms faced setbacks and fell short of creating stronger incentives to build long contribution histories, to deliver sustainable growth by improving the fiscal policy mix, and to ensure fairness and equitable burden sharing across generations and interest groups. Policy priorities should aim towards fully implementing the 2015–17 reforms and complementing them with additional reforms to address these remaining objectives.
Book Synopsis World Social Protection Report 2017-19 by :
Download or read book World Social Protection Report 2017-19 written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Economic Security for a Better World by :
Download or read book Economic Security for a Better World written by and published by International Labor Office. This book was released on 2004 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In all regions of the world, the seven forms of labour-related security have been affected by globalisation and the policies steering it. This analysis, drawing on a large amount of new data, identifies the main trends, provides indexes of national performance, looks at sources and forms of insecurities and considers policies that could improve economic security. Book jacket.
Book Synopsis OECD Sovereign Borrowing Outlook 2021 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Sovereign Borrowing Outlook 2021 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-20 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of the OECD Sovereign Borrowing Outlook reviews developments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for government borrowing needs, funding conditions and funding strategies in the OECD area.
Book Synopsis World Development Report 2019 by : World Bank
Download or read book World Development Report 2019 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513573926 Total Pages :157 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Guidance Note For Developing Government Local Currency Bond Markets by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Guidance Note For Developing Government Local Currency Bond Markets written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidance note was prepared by International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank Group staff under a project undertaken with the support of grants from the Financial Sector Reform and Strengthening Initiative, (FIRST).The aim of the project was to deliver a report that provides emerging market and developing economies with guidance and a roadmap in developing their local currency bond markets (LCBMs). This note will also inform technical assistance missions in advising authorities on the formulation of policies to deepen LCBMs.
Book Synopsis Opportunity for All by : MissCatriona Purfield
Download or read book Opportunity for All written by MissCatriona Purfield and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication brings together a set of IMF papers that prepared as backgrounds for the various sessions of the conference and will help put into broader dissemination channels the results of this important conference. An official IMF publication is well disseminated into academic and institutional libraries and book channels. The IMF metadata will also make the conference papers more discoverable online.
Book Synopsis The Behavior of Fixed-income Funds during COVID-19 Market Turmoil by : Mr.Frank Hespeler
Download or read book The Behavior of Fixed-income Funds during COVID-19 Market Turmoil written by Mr.Frank Hespeler and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This note analyzes the stress experienced (and caused) by open-end mutual funds during the March COVID-19 stress episode, with a focus on global fixed-income funds. In light of increased valuation uncertainty, funds experienced a short period of intense withdrawals while the market liquidity of their holdings deteriorated substantially. To cover redemptions, afflicted funds predominantly shed liquid assets first—for example, cash, cash equivalents, and US Treasury securities. But forced asset sales amplified price pressures in markets and contributed to liquidity falling across fixed-income markets. This drop in market liquidity, as well as the general stress in financial markets, may have led to fund investors becoming even more sensitive to challenging portfolio performance and encouraged further withdrawals. Only after central banks intervened, directly and indirectly supporting asset managers, did liquidity and redemption stress subside. Overall, the March episode validated the financial-stability concerns about liquidity vulnerabilities in the fund industry and calls for further action to address them.
Book Synopsis America's Role in Nation-Building by : James Dobbins
Download or read book America's Role in Nation-Building written by James Dobbins and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003-08-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The post-World War II occupations of Germany and Japan set standards for postconflict nation-building that have not since been matched. Only in recent years has the United States has felt the need to participate in similar transformations, but it is now facing one of the most challenging prospects since the 1940s: Iraq. The authors review seven case studies--Germany, Japan, Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia, Kosovo, and Afghanistan--and seek lessons about what worked well and what did not. Then, they examine the Iraq situation in light of these lessons. Success in Iraq will require an extensive commitment of financial, military, and political resources for a long time. The United States cannot afford to contemplate early exit strategies and cannot afford to leave the job half completed.
Author :Commission on Growth and Development Publisher :World Bank Publications ISBN 13 :0821374923 Total Pages :198 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (213 download)
Book Synopsis The Growth Report by : Commission on Growth and Development
Download or read book The Growth Report written by Commission on Growth and Development and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-07-23 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result of two years work by 19 experienced policymakers and two Nobel prize-winning economists, 'The Growth Report' is the most complete analysis to date of the ingredients which, if used in the right country-specific recipe, can deliver growth and help lift populations out of poverty.
Book Synopsis Private Finance for Development by : Hilary Devine
Download or read book Private Finance for Development written by Hilary Devine and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-14 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Covid-19 pandemic has aggravated the tension between large development needs in infrastructure and scarce public resources. To alleviate this tension and promote a strong and job-rich recovery from the crisis, Africa needs to mobilize more financing from and to the private sector.
Book Synopsis Innovative Financing for Development by : Suhas Ketkar
Download or read book Innovative Financing for Development written by Suhas Ketkar and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-09-29 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries need additional, cross-border capital channeled into their private sectors to generate employment and growth, reduce poverty, and meet the other Millennium Development Goals. Innovative financing mechanisms are necessary to make this happen. 'Innovative Financing for Development' is the first book on this subject that uses a market-based approach. It compiles pioneering methods of raising development finance including securitization of future flow receivables, diaspora bonds, and GDP-indexed bonds. It also highlights the role of shadow sovereign ratings in facilitating access to international capital markets. It argues that poor countries, especially those in Sub-Saharan Africa, can potentially raise tens of billions of dollars annually through these instruments. The chapters in the book focus on the structures of the various innovative financing mechanisms, their track records and potential for tapping international capital markets, the constraints limiting their use, and policy measures that governments and international institutions can implement to alleviate these constraints.
Book Synopsis Shock Waves by : Stephane Hallegatte
Download or read book Shock Waves written by Stephane Hallegatte and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-11-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.
Author :WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health Publisher :World Health Organization ISBN 13 :9241563702 Total Pages :257 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (415 download)
Book Synopsis Closing the Gap in a Generation by : WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health
Download or read book Closing the Gap in a Generation written by WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social justice is a matter of life and death. It affects the way people live, their consequent chance of illness, and their risk of premature death. We watch in wonder as life expectancy and good health continue to increase in parts of the world and in alarm as they fail to improve in others.
