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Tolternicus Astronomer Of Thorn
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Book Synopsis Celestial Revolutionary by : John Freely
Download or read book Celestial Revolutionary written by John Freely and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-20 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spring of 1500, at the apex of the Renaissance, a papal secretary to the Borgia Pope, Alexander VI, wrote that "All the world is in Rome." Though no one knew it at the time, this included a young scholar by the name of Nicolaus Copernicus who would one day change the world. One of the greatest polymaths of his or any age - linguist, lawyer, doctor, diplomat, politician, mathematician, scientist, astronomer, artist, cleric - Copernicus gave the world arguably the most important scientific discovery of the modern era: that earth and the planets revolve around the sun and that the earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours. His heliocentric theory and the discoveries that would follow ushered in the age of modern astronomy, often called the Copernican Age, and change the way we look at the universe forever. This brilliant and controversial belief - born of a fusion of the theories of the great scholars of antiquity and the knowledge of the medieval Islamic world - was immortalised in Copernicus' epic "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium", a book whose very first printed copy was placed into his hands at the moment of his death in 1543.Here, for the first time, is a biography of Copernicus that not only describes his theories but the life of the man himself and the epic, thrilling times in which he lived.
Book Synopsis Three Treatises on Copernican Theory by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book Three Treatises on Copernican Theory written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by Courier Dover Publications. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes "Commentariolus," Copernicus' hypotheses for heavenly motions; "Narratio Prima," popular introduction to Copernican theory; and "The Letter Against Werner," refutation of the views of a contemporary. Extensive editorial apparatus.
Book Synopsis On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (Concise Edition) by : Copernicus
Download or read book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (Concise Edition) written by Copernicus and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2024-03-12 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controversial at the time, Copernicus's discoveries led to the scientific revolution, and a greater understanding of our place in the universe. An accessible, abridged edition with a new introduction. Renaissance Natural philosopher Nicolaus Copernicus's pioneering discovery of the heliocentric nature of the solar system is one of the few identifiable moments in history that define the understanding of the nature of all things. His great work was the consequence of long observation and resulted in the first stage of the Scientific Revolution by correctly positing that the earth and other planets of the solar system revolved around the sun. Not only did this promote further study to understand the place of humanity in the world and the universe, it questioned the authority of the organised Christian Church in the West to be the keeper of fundamental truths. Ultimately this would lead to the Enlightenment, and the separation of religion, government and science. The FLAME TREE Foundations series features core publications which together have shaped the cultural landscape of the modern world, with cutting-edge research distilled into pocket guides designed to be both accessible and informative.
Book Synopsis Tolternicus, Astronomer of Thorn by : Otto Carl Gsantner (jr.)
Download or read book Tolternicus, Astronomer of Thorn written by Otto Carl Gsantner (jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Extraordinary Astronomer: Nicolaus Copernicus by : Avneet Kumar
Download or read book Extraordinary Astronomer: Nicolaus Copernicus written by Avneet Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2020-05-25 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We had tried to write this book in a very short and concise manner and in a very customer friendly fonts so that it can very easily be understandable by everyone. Nicolaus Copernicus (19 February 1473 - 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance-era mathematician and astronomer, who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than Earth at the center of the universe, in all likelihood independently of Aristarchus of Samos, who had formulated such a model some eighteen centuries earlier.The publication of Copernicus' model in his book De revolutionist orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), just before his death in 1543, was a major event in the history of science, triggering the Copernican Revolution and making a pioneering contribution to the Scientific Revolution.Copernicus was born and died in Royal Prussia, a region that had been part of the Kingdom of Poland since 1466. A polyglot and polymath, he obtained a doctorate in canon law and was also a mathematician, astronomer, physician, classics scholar, translator, governor, diplomat, and economist. In 1517 he derived a quantity theory of money--a key concept in economics--and in 1519 he formulated an economic principle that later came to be called Gresham's law.Having completed all his studies in Italy, 30-year-old Copernicus returned to Warmia, where he would live out the remaining 40 years of his life, apart from brief journeys to Kraków and to nearby Prussian cities: Toruń (Thorn), Gdańsk (Danzig), Elblag (Elbing), Grudziadz (Graudenz), Malbork (Marienburg), Königsberg (Królewiec).The Prince-Bishopric of Warmia enjoyed substantial autonomy, with its own diet (parliament) and monetary unit (the same as in the other parts of Royal Prussia) and treasury.Copernicus was his uncle's secretary and physician from 1503 to 1510 (or perhaps till his uncle's death on 29 March 1512) and resided in the Bishop's castle at Lidzbark (Heilsberg), where he began work on his heliocentric theory. In his official capacity, he took part in nearly all his uncle's political, ecclesiastic, and administrative-economic duties. From the beginning of 1504, Copernicus accompanied Watzenrode to sessions of the Royal Prussian diet held at Malbork and Elbląg and, write Dobrzycki and Hajdukiewicz, "participated... in all the more important events in the complex diplomatic game that ambitious politician and statesman played in defense of the particular interests of Prussia and Warmia, between hostility to the [Teutonic] Order and loyalty to the Polish Crown."In 1504-12 Copernicus made numerous journeys as part of his uncle's retinue--in 1504, to Torun and Gdańsk, to a session of the Royal Prussian Council in the presence of Poland's King Alexander Jagiellon; to sessions of the Prussian diet at Malbork (1506), Elbląg (1507) and Sztum (Stuhm) (1512); and he may have attended a Poznań (Posen) session (1510) and the coronation of Poland's King Sigismund I the Old in Kraków (1507). Watzenrode's itinerary suggests that in spring 1509 Copernicus may have attended the Kraków Sejm.It was probably on the latter occasion, in Kraków, that Copernicus submitted for printing at Jan Haller's press his translation, from Greek to Latin, of a collection, by the 7th-century Byzantine historian Theophylact Simocatta, of 85 brief poems called Epistles, or letters, supposed to have passed between various characters in a Greek story. They are of three kinds--"moral," offering advice on how people should live; "pastoral", giving little pictures of shepherd life; and "amorous", comprising love poems. They are arranged to follow one another in a regular rotation of subjects. Copernicus had translated the Greek verses into Latin prose, and he now published his version as Theophilacti scolastici Simocati epistolae morales, rurales et amatoriae interpretatione Latina, which he dedicated to his uncle in gratitude for all the benefits he had received from him.
Book Synopsis Nicolaus Copernicus by : Barbara A. Somervill
Download or read book Nicolaus Copernicus written by Barbara A. Somervill and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2008-02 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Profiles the life and work of the Polish astronomer who believed that the planets revolved around the Sun and the Earth was not the center of the universe.
Book Synopsis Copernicus by : Catherine M. Andronik
Download or read book Copernicus written by Catherine M. Andronik and published by Enslow Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Copernicus worked with primitive scientific instruments to prove that Earth revolved around the sun. The idea of Earth circling the sun is universally accepted today, but this was not always the case. Centuries ago, it was widely believed that the earth stood still and the sun moved. At first, Copernicus was denounced and ridiculed for this belief. Later, scientists with more advanced instruments proved that Earth did indeed revolve around the sun. Many of our modern advances in science would not have been possible without the heliocentric theory of Copernicus.
Book Synopsis The Life of Copernicus (1473-1543) by : Pierre Gassendi
Download or read book The Life of Copernicus (1473-1543) written by Pierre Gassendi and published by Xulon Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Copernicus: A Very Short Introduction by : Owen Gingerich
Download or read book Copernicus: A Very Short Introduction written by Owen Gingerich and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) is a pivotal figure in the birth of modern science, the astronomer who "stopped the sun and set the earth in motion." Born in Poland, educated at Cracow and then in Italy, he served all of his adult life as a church administrator. His vision of a sun-centered universe, shocking to many and unbelievable to most, turned out to be the essential blueprint for a physical understanding of celestial motions, thereby triggering what is commonly called "the Copernican revolution." A first edition of his world-changing treatise, De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium, has most recently been auctioned for more than $2 million. In this book, leading historian of science Owen Gingerich sets Copernicus in the context of a rapidly changing world, where the recent invention of printing with moveable type not only made sources more readily available to him, but also fueled Martin's Luther's transformation of the religious landscape. In an era of geographical exploration and discovery, new ideas were replacing time-honored concepts about the extent of inhabited continents. Gingerich reveals Copernicus' heliocentric revolution as an aesthetic achievement not dictated by observational "proofs," but another new way of looking at the ancient cosmos. Deftly combining astronomy and history, this Very Short Introduction offers a fascinating portray of the man who launched the modern vision of the universe. Out of Gingerich's engaging biography emerges the image of a scientist, intellectual, patriot, and reformer, who lived in an era when political as well as religious beliefs were shifting.
Book Synopsis On the Revolutions by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book On the Revolutions written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1973, on the 500th anniversary of Copernicus's birth, the Polish Academy of Sciences announced its intention to publish all of the astronomer's extant works, both in their original Latin and in modern translations. Here, available for the first time in softcover, are Edward Rosen's authoritative English translations and commentaries.
Book Synopsis Minor Works by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book Minor Works written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1973, on the 500th anniversary of Copernicus's birth, the Polish Academy of Sciences announced its intention to publish all of the astronomer's extant works, both in their original Latin and in modern translations. Here, available for the first time in softcover, are Edward Rosen's authoritative English translations and commentaries.
Book Synopsis Nicolaus Copernicus by : Owen Gingerich
Download or read book Nicolaus Copernicus written by Owen Gingerich and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2005-06-16 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brief biography of Nicolaus Copernicus, the doctor, lawyer, and church official who developed the theory that the planets revolved around the sun, and includes information on his early life, and the events that lead to his discovery.
Book Synopsis Nicolaus Copernicus by : Scott Ingram
Download or read book Nicolaus Copernicus written by Scott Ingram and published by Blackbirch Press, Incorporated. This book was released on 2004 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the youth, education, scientific observations, conflict with religious teachings and the Church, and legacy of Nicolaus Copernicus.
Book Synopsis Copernicus' Secret by : Jack Repcheck
Download or read book Copernicus' Secret written by Jack Repcheck and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2007-12-04 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nicolaus Copernicus gave the world perhaps the most important scientific insight of the modern age, the theory that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun. He was also the first to proclaim that the earth rotates on its axis once every twenty-four hours. His theory was truly radical: during his lifetime nearly everyone believed that a perfectly still earth rested in the middle of the cosmos, where all the heavenly bodies revolved around it. One of the transcendent geniuses of the early Renaissance, Copernicus was also a flawed and conflicted person. A cleric who lived during the tumultuous years of the early Reformation, he may have been sympathetic to the teachings of the Lutherans. Although he had taken a vow of celibacy, he kept at least one mistress. Supremely confident intellectually, he hesitated to disseminate his work among other scholars. It fact, he kept his astronomical work a secret, revealing it to only a few intimates, and the manuscript containing his revolutionary theory, which he refined for at least twenty years, remained "hidden among my things." It is unlikely that Copernicus' masterwork would ever have been published if not for a young mathematics professor named Georg Joachim Rheticus. He had heard of Copernicus' ideas, and with his imagination on fire he journeyed hundreds of miles to a land where, as a Lutheran, he was forbidden to travel. Rheticus' meeting with Copernicus in a small cathedral town in northern Poland proved to be one of the most important encounters in history. Copernicus' Secretrecreates the life and world of the scientific genius whose work revolutionized astronomy and altered our understanding of our place in the world. It tells the surprising, little-known story behind the dawn of the scientific age.
Book Synopsis Collected Works by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book Collected Works written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-03 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Great Astronomers: Nicolaus Copernicus: ( Annotated ) by : Robert Stawell Ball
Download or read book Great Astronomers: Nicolaus Copernicus: ( Annotated ) written by Robert Stawell Ball and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) was a mathematician and astronomer who formulated a comprehensive heliocentric model which placed the Sun, rather than the Earth, at the center of the universe, contrary to the prevailing thought at his time which placed the Earth at the center.The publication of Copernicus' book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), just before his death in 1543, is considered a major event in the history of science.This eBook briefly tells the life of Copernicus and explains his key theories: that the rotation of the Earth causes the apparent daily motion of the objects in the sky, not that the universe rotates around the Earth; that the motion of the planets is better explained with the Sun at the center and the Earth and planets rotating around the sun, rather than the Sun, planets, and stars rotating around the earth; that the sometimes-retrograde motion of Mars is an illusion due to the Earth rotating around the Sun faster than Mars does, not that Mars actually reverses its travel.Although Copernicus correctly deduced that the planets rotate around the Sun, he retained the idea that the orbits were circles. This concept was later overturned by Kepler, who computed that the orbits were elliptical based on accurate measurements of the planets' positions in the sky that were made by Tycho Brahe. (See the volumes about Kepler and Brahe in this eBook series on Great Astronomers.)This is one chapter from Great Astronomers by Sir Richard S. Ball (2nd edition, 1907).
Book Synopsis Copernicus and Modern Astronomy by : Josh Sakolsky
Download or read book Copernicus and Modern Astronomy written by Josh Sakolsky and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2004-12-15 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the life of the Polish astronomer, discussing his childhood, education, scientific observations about the universe, subsequent conflict with the leaders of the Catholic Chuch, and his influence on Galileo.
