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Three Dimensional Modeling Of Acid Transport And Etching In A Fracture
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Book Synopsis Three-dimensional Modeling of Acid Transport and Etching in a Fracture by : Cassandra Vonne Oeth
Download or read book Three-dimensional Modeling of Acid Transport and Etching in a Fracture written by Cassandra Vonne Oeth and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acid fracture stimulation generates higher well production but requires engineering design for treatment optimization. To quantify the cost and benefit of a particular acid fracture treatment an engineer must predict the resulting fracture's conductivity, which is based on the etched width created by the injected acid. Etching occurs along the fracture surface but is based on acid flowing through the fracture, so an evaluation tool should describe three-dimensional physics and chemistry. Current practice is to estimate conductivity utilizing two-dimensional models. Unfortunately, these models necessarily assume how acid is distributed in the fracture and often misrepresent the amount of acid etching upon which the conductivity is based. A fully three-dimensional modeling tool to evaluate and predict acid fracture performance across the wide range of carbonate field properties has been developed. The model simulates acid transport and fracture face dissolution. The acid transport model includes the solution of the three-dimensional velocity and pressure fields, the non-Newtonian characteristics of most acid fracturing fluids, and diffusion of acid toward the fracture surface. The model numerically solves the equations describing the three-dimensional acid transport and reaction within a fracture to yield the etched width created by acid along the fracture. The conductivity is calculated with the simulator derived acid-etched width, using correlations recently developed that reflect the small scale heterogeneity of carbonate rock as it creates etching along the fracture surface. The performance of an acid fracture treatment is quantified with conductivity, which is strongly dependent on the etched width created by the acid. This robust new tool more accurately models the impact of design decisions on the acid-etched width and provides a rational path for treatment optimization. Cases typical of industry practice are presented that demonstrate the model capabilities. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151892
Book Synopsis Modeling Acid Transport and Non-uniform Etching in a Stochastic Domain in Acid Fracturing by : Jianye Mou
Download or read book Modeling Acid Transport and Non-uniform Etching in a Stochastic Domain in Acid Fracturing written by Jianye Mou and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Success of acid fracturing depends on uneven etching along the fracture surfaces caused by heterogeneities such as variations in local mineralogy and variations in leakoff behavior. The heterogeneities tend to create channeling characteristics, which provide lasting conductivity after fracture closure, and occur on a scale that is neither used in laboratory measurements of acid fracture conductivity, which use core samples that are too small to observe such a feature, nor in typical acid fracture simulations in which the grid block size is much larger than the scale of local heterogeneities. Acid fracture conductivity depends on fracture surface etching patterns. Existing acid fracture conductivity correlations are for random asperity distributions and do not consider the contribution of channels to the conductivity. An acid fracture conductivity correlation needs the average fracture width at zero closure stress. Existing correlations calculate average fracture width using dissolved rock equivalent width without considering the effect of reservoir characteristics. The purpose of this work is to develop an intermediate-scale acid fracture model with grid size small enough and the whole dimension big enough to capture local and macro heterogeneity effects and channeling characteristics in acid fracturing. The model predicts pressure field, flow field, acid concentration profiles, and fracture surface profiles as a function of acid contact time. By extensive numerical experiments with the model, we develop correlations of fracture conductivity and average fracture width at zero closure stress as a function of statistical parameters of permeability and mineralogy distributions. With the model, we analyzed the relationships among fracture surface etching patterns, conductivities, and the distributions of permeability and mineralogy. From result analysis, we found that a fracture with channels extending from the inlet to the outlet of the fracture has a high conductivity because fluid flow in deep channels needs a very small pressure drop. Such long and highly conductive channels can be created by acids if the formation has heterogeneities in either permeability or mineralogy, or both, with high correlation length in the direction of the fracture, which is the case in laminated formations.
Download or read book SPE Production & Facilities written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lost circulation control during drilling and completion in complex formations by : Chong Lin
Download or read book Lost circulation control during drilling and completion in complex formations written by Chong Lin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-30 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SPE Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three Dimensional and Advanced Hydraulic Fracture Modeling by : Robert G. Jeffrey
Download or read book Three Dimensional and Advanced Hydraulic Fracture Modeling written by Robert G. Jeffrey and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Petroleum Abstracts. Literature and Patents by :
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts. Literature and Patents written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 1348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three Dimensional Modelling for Fracture Mechanics by : Christopher Alan Grummitt
Download or read book Three Dimensional Modelling for Fracture Mechanics written by Christopher Alan Grummitt and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three-dimensional Modelling of Interfacial Fracture by : Vladimir Leon Rabinovich
Download or read book Three-dimensional Modelling of Interfacial Fracture written by Vladimir Leon Rabinovich and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Petroleum Well Construction by : Michael J. Economides
Download or read book Petroleum Well Construction written by Michael J. Economides and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1998-06-18 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum Well Construction Michael J. Economides Texas A & M University Larry T. Watters Halliburton Energy Services Shari Dunn-Norman University of Missouri-Rolla Since the 1980s, well construction procedures have advanced so significantly that the subject now requires a comprehensive reference book dealing with all types of petroleum drilling and well completions. With each chapter co-authored by recognized industry professionals, this extensive work fills the void that currently exists in the technical reference publications of this subject. All technical aspects of petroleum well construction are covered, including: * drilling trajectory and control * multilateral wells * borehole stability * gas migration * perforating * inflow performance resulting in an essential reference tool for all petroleum, nuclear and environmental engineers and technicians.
Book Synopsis Numerical Simulation of Acid Stimulation Treatments in Carbonate Reservoirs by : Rencheng Dong
Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Acid Stimulation Treatments in Carbonate Reservoirs written by Rencheng Dong and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matrix acidizing and acid fracturing are two main types of acid stimulation treatments that are extensively employed by industry in carbonate reservoirs to improve permeability and enhance production. Matrix acidizing involves injecting acid to dissolve minerals in order to create long highly conductive channels (wormholes) whereas acid fracturing is used to etch fracture surfaces and create fracture conductivity. Numerical modeling of acid stimulation treatments couples processes of fluid flow, reactive transport, and rock dissolution, which imposes great computational challenges. The purpose of this dissertation is to develop efficient and accurate numerical models for acidizing process and acid fracturing process respectively. In most of matrix acidizing simulations, acid transport is generally solved by a single-point upwinding (SPU) scheme based on finite volume method. Simulation results of wormhole growth may have large numerical errors due to grid orientation effect of SPU scheme. In this work, we apply adaptive enriched Galerkin (EG) methods for solving coupled flow and reactive transport equations of acidizing model. EG is constructed by enriching the standard continuous Galerkin (CG) finite element method with piecewise constant functions. Since EG is a higher-order method compared with standard finite volume method, EG reduces non-physical numerical errors caused by grid orientation effect. Wormhole growth usually exhibits fingering patterns, which requires very fine mesh to resolve. Instead of global mesh refinement, we apply adaptive mesh refinement technique to dynamically refine the mesh in the vicinity of wormhole interfaces and coarsen the mesh after dissolution fronts pass. The simulation runtime using adaptive mesh is only about 30% of the runtime using globally refined mesh in our numerical examples. The key to success in acid fracturing treatments is to achieve non-uniform acid etching on fracture surfaces. Carbonate reservoir heterogeneity such as heterogeneous mineral distribution can lead to non-uniform acid etching. In addition, the non-uniform acid etching can be enhanced by the viscous fingering mechanism. By injecting a low-viscosity acid into a high-viscosity polymer pad fluid, acid tends to form viscous fingers and etch fracture surfaces non-uniformly. Acid fracturing simulations rarely modeled the effect of acid viscous fingering. In this work, a 3D acid fracturing model is developed to simulate acid etching process with acid viscous fingering. Our acid fracturing model considers fluid flow inside the fracture, acid and polymer transport, and change of fracture geometry due to mineral dissolution. A numerical simulator is developed to solve the acid fracturing model and compute the rough acid fracture geometry induced by non-uniform acid etching. We investigate the effects of viscous fingering, perforation design, and alternating injection of pad and acid fluids on the acid etching process. Our model is capable of simulating growth of acid-etched channels caused by acid viscous fingering. According to our simulation results, properly increasing the number of perforations can restrain the height of acid-etched channels and help sustain acid fracture conductivity under the reservoir closure stress. Compared with single-stage acid injection, multi-stage alternating injection of pad and acid fluids leads to narrower and longer acid-etched channels, which improves the effectiveness of acid fracturing treatments
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High Level Radioactive Waste Management by :
Download or read book High Level Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nuclear Trafficking by : Carl Feldherr
Download or read book Nuclear Trafficking written by Carl Feldherr and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Trafficking is a summary of the state of knowledge in nuclear trafficking, and is organized into five parts. The book begins by discussing the diffusion and signal-mediated transport through the pores. It then looks into the detailed accounts of pore structure and composition, nuclear localization signals, signal binding proteins, RNA efflux, and biochemical factors influencing nucleocytoplasmic exchange. This book will be very useful to those people new to this field of interest.
Book Synopsis Physiology of Membrane Disorders by : Thomas E. Andreoli
Download or read book Physiology of Membrane Disorders written by Thomas E. Andreoli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 1062 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Physiology of Membrane Disorders represents an extensive revision and a considerable expansion of the first edition . Yet the purpose ofthe second edition is identical to that of its predecessor, namely, to provide a rational analysis of membrane transport processes in individual membranes, cells, tissues, and organs, which in tum serves as a frame of reference for rationalizing disorders in which derangements of membrane transport processes playa cardinal role in the clinical expression of disease. As in the first edition, this book is divided into a number of individual, but closely related, sections. Part V represents a new section where the problem of transport across epithelia is treated in some detail. Finally, Part VI, which analyzes clinical derangements, has been enlarged appreciably. THE EDITORS xi Preface to the First Edition The purpose of this book is to provide the reader with a rational frame of reference for assessing the pa thophysiology of those disorders in which derangements of membrane transport processes are a major factor responsible for the clinical manifestations of disease. In the present context, we use the term "membrane transport to refer to those molecular processes whose cardinal function, broadly speaking, is processes" in a catholic sense, the vectorial transfer of molecules-either individually or as ensembles-across biological interfaces, the latter including those interfaces which separate different intracellular compartments, the cellular and extracellular com partments, and secreted fluids-such as glomerular filtrate-and extracellular fluids.
