Thermohaline Circulation Stability In A Copuled Land Ocean Atmosphere Box Model

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Abrupt Climate Change

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133041
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Abrupt Climate Change by : National Research Council

Download or read book Abrupt Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-04-23 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic-and often extreme-shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes. Abrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. Based on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.

Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences

Author : John H. Steele
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780122274305
Total Pages : 3399 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (743 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences by : John H. Steele

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences written by John H. Steele and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2001-09-20 with total page 3399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences is the most current, authoritative, and comprehensive resource on the science of the oceans. This ambitious work includes contributions from leading scientists around the world on the physical processes that drive the oceans and the chemical, biological, and geological disciplines. The Encyclopedia also covers ancillary topics such as ocean technology, law of the oceans, global programs, marine policy, the use of the oceans for food and energy, and the impact of pollution and climate changes. The many different methods used to study the oceans are covered, from ship-based systems to satellite remote sensing. Users will enjoy easy access to more than 400 articles, each approximately 3000-4000 words in length with further reading lists and extensive cross referencing. Each article provides comprehensive coverage of a particular topic, and is designed for a wide audience of students, academics, researchers, and professionals. The articles are written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with the latest technical information. Also available online on ScienceDirect. For online version information, please visit http://www.info.sciencedirect.com/reference_works Presents 402 original articles covering all the physical, chemical and biological aspects of ocean science Brings together classic scientific theories with the newest discoveries, technologies, and applications Written by the world's leading researchers and developed by a prestigious editorial board Makes information easy to find with an intuitive format, extensive cross references, further reading lists, and complete index Illustrated with more than 1900 figures and full color throughout Developed alongside each other, the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences together with the Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences provide readers a with comprehensive resource, and a link between these two fields.

Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins

Author : Carlos R. Mechoso
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108492703
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins by : Carlos R. Mechoso

Download or read book Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins written by Carlos R. Mechoso and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of interactions between the climates of different ocean basins and their key contributions to global climate variability and change. Providing essential theory and discussing outstanding examples as well as impacts on monsoons, it a useful resource for graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric and ocean sciences.

The Climate of the Mediterranean Region

Author : P. Lionello
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124160425
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis The Climate of the Mediterranean Region by : P. Lionello

Download or read book The Climate of the Mediterranean Region written by P. Lionello and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-04-19 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mediterranean region contains a diverse and interesting climate ranging from areas with permanent glaciers to areas of subtropical, semiarid regions. The region is potentially sensitive to climate change and its progress has environmental, social, and economic implications within and beyond the region. Produced by the Mediterranean Climate Variability and Predictability Research Networking Project, this book reviews the evolution of the Mediterranean climate over the past two millennia with projections further into the twenty-first century as well as examining in detail various aspects of the Mediterranean region's climate including evolution, atmospheric variables, and oceanic and land elements. Integrated with this, the book also considers the social and economic problems or vulnerabilities associated with the region. Written and reviewed by multiple researchers to ensure a high level of information presented clearly, Mediterranean Climate Variables will be an invaluable source of information for geologists, oceanographers, and anyone interested in learning more about the Mediterranean climate. Written by leading experts in the field Presents clear, compelling, and concise evidence Includes the latest thinking in Mediterranean climate research

The Nordic Seas

Author : Burton G. Hurdle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461580358
Total Pages : 788 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nordic Seas by : Burton G. Hurdle

Download or read book The Nordic Seas written by Burton G. Hurdle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " ... as soon as one has traversed the greater part of the wild sea, one comes upon such a huge quantity of ice that nowhere in the whole world has the like been known." "This ice is of a wonderful nature. It lies at times quite still, as one would expect, with openings or large fjords in it; but sometimes its movement is so strong and rapid as to equal that of a ship running before the wind, and it drifts against the wind as often as with it." Kongespeilet - 1250 A.D. ("The Mirror of Kings") Modern societies require increasing amounts influence on the water mass and on the resulting of scientific information about the environment total environment of the region; therefore, cer tain of its characteristics will necessarily be in whieh they live and work. For the seas this information must describe the air above the sea, included.

The Ocean Carbon Cycle and Climate

Author : Mick Follows
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402020872
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ocean Carbon Cycle and Climate by : Mick Follows

Download or read book The Ocean Carbon Cycle and Climate written by Mick Follows and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our desire to understand the global carbon cycle and its link to the climate system represents a huge challenge. These overarching questions have driven a great deal of scientific endeavour in recent years: What are the basic oceanic mechanisms which control the oceanic carbon reservoirs and the partitioning of carbon between ocean and atmosphere? How do these mechanisms depend on the state of the climate system and how does the carbon cycle feed back on climate? What is the current rate at which fossil fuel carbon dioxide is absorbed by the oceans and how might this change in the future? To begin to answer these questions we must first understand the distribution of carbon in the ocean, its partitioning between different ocean reservoirs (the "solubility" and "biological" pumps of carbon), the mechanisms controlling these reservoirs, and the relationship of the significant physical and biological processes to the physical environment. The recent surveys from the JGOFS and WOCE (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study and World Ocean Circulation Ex periment) programs have given us a first truly global survey of the physical and biogeochemical properties of the ocean. These new, high quality data provide the opportunity to better quantify the present oceans reservoirs of carbon and the changes due to fossil fuel burning. In addition, diverse process studies and time-series observations have clearly revealed the complexity of interactions between nutrient cycles, ecosystems, the carbon-cycle and the physical envi ronment.

Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics

Author : John Marshall
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080954456
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics by : John Marshall

Download or read book Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics written by John Marshall and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1965-01-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography.* Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates andbeginning graduate students* Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations andlaboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web* Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informativelaboratory experiments* Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn thematerial.

Ecological Geography of the Sea

Author : Alan R. Longhurst
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080465579
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecological Geography of the Sea by : Alan R. Longhurst

Download or read book Ecological Geography of the Sea written by Alan R. Longhurst and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-08-03 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an in-depth discussion of the biological and ecological geography of the oceans. It synthesizes locally restricted studies of the ocean to generate a global geography of the vast marine world.Based on patterns of algal ecology, the book divides the ocean into four primary compartments, which are then subdivided into secondary compartments.*Includes color insert of the latest in satellite imagery showing the world's oceans, their similarities and differences*Revised and updated to reflect the latest in oceanographic research*Ideal for anyone interested in understanding ocean ecology -- accessible and informative

Ocean Biogeochemistry

Author : Michael J.R. Fasham
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642558445
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean Biogeochemistry by : Michael J.R. Fasham

Download or read book Ocean Biogeochemistry written by Michael J.R. Fasham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceans account for 50% of the anthropogenic CO2 released into the atmosphere. During the past 15 years an international programme, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), has been studying the ocean carbon cycle to quantify and model the biological and physical processes whereby CO2 is pumped from the ocean's surface to the depths of the ocean, where it can remain for hundreds of years. This project is one of the largest multi-disciplinary studies of the oceans ever carried out and this book synthesises the results. It covers all aspects of the topic ranging from air-sea exchange with CO2, the role of physical mixing, the uptake of CO2 by marine algae, the fluxes of carbon and nitrogen through the marine food chain to the subsequent export of carbon to the depths of the ocean. Special emphasis is laid on predicting future climatic change.

Atmospheric Transports, the Thermohaline Circulation, and Flux Adjustments in a Simple Coupled Model

Author : Jochem Marotzke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Atmospheric Transports, the Thermohaline Circulation, and Flux Adjustments in a Simple Coupled Model by : Jochem Marotzke

Download or read book Atmospheric Transports, the Thermohaline Circulation, and Flux Adjustments in a Simple Coupled Model written by Jochem Marotzke and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Great Ocean Conveyor

Author : Wallace Broecker
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400834716
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great Ocean Conveyor by : Wallace Broecker

Download or read book The Great Ocean Conveyor written by Wallace Broecker and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-11 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the link between the ocean's currents and rapid climate change Wally Broecker is one of the world's leading authorities on abrupt global climate change. More than two decades ago, he discovered the link between ocean circulation and climate change, in particular how shutdowns of the Great Ocean Conveyor—the vast network of currents that circulate water, heat, and nutrients around the globe—triggered past ice ages. Today, he is among the researchers exploring how our planet's climate system can abruptly "flip-flop" from one state to another, and who are weighing the implications for the future. In The Great Ocean Conveyor, Broecker introduces readers to the science of abrupt climate change while providing a vivid, firsthand account of the field's history and development. Could global warming cause the conveyor to shut down again, prompting another flip-flop in climate? What were the repercussions of past climate shifts? How do we know such shifts occurred? Broecker shows how Earth scientists study ancient ice cores and marine sediments to probe Earth's distant past, and how they blend scientific detective work with the latest technological advances to try to predict the future. He traces how the science has evolved over the years, from the blind alleys and wrong turns to the controversies and breathtaking discoveries. Broecker describes the men and women behind the science, and reveals how his own thinking about abrupt climate change has itself flip-flopped as new evidence has emerged. Rich with personal stories and insights, The Great Ocean Conveyor opens a tantalizing window onto how Earth science is practiced.

Climatic Change and Global Warming of Inland Waters

Author : Charles R. Goldman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118470613
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis Climatic Change and Global Warming of Inland Waters by : Charles R. Goldman

Download or read book Climatic Change and Global Warming of Inland Waters written by Charles R. Goldman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-20 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effects of global warming on the physical, chemical, ecological structure and function and biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems are not well understood and there are many opinions on how to adapt aquatic environments to global warming in order to minimize the negative effects of climate change. Climatic Change and Global Warming of Inland Waters presents a synthesis of the latest research on a whole range of inland water habitats – lakes, running water, wetlands – and offers novel and timely suggestions for future research, monitoring and adaptation strategies. A global approach, offered in this book, encompasses systems from the arctic to the Antarctic, including warm-water systems in the tropics and subtropics and presents a unique and useful source for all those looking for contemporary case studies and presentation of the latest research findings and discussion of mitigation and adaptation throughout the world. Edited by three of the leading limnologists in the field this book represents the latest developments with a focus not only on the impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems but also offers a framework and suggestions for future management strategies and how these can be implemented in the future. Limnologists, Climate change biologists, fresh water ecologists, palaeoclimatologists and students taking relevant courses within the earth and environmental sciences will find this book invaluable. The book will also be of interest to planners, catchment managers and engineers looking for solutions to broader environmental problems but who need to consider freshwater ecology.

Ocean Circulation

Author : Andreas Schmittner
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118671880
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean Circulation by : Andreas Schmittner

Download or read book Ocean Circulation written by Andreas Schmittner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 173. The ocean's meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is a key factor in climate change. The Atlantic MOC, in particular, is believed to play an active role in the regional and global climate variability. It is associated with the recent debate on rapid climate change, the Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation (AMO), global warming, and Atlantic hurricanes. This is the first book to deal with all aspects of the ocean's large-scale meridional overturning circulation, and is a coherent presentation, from a mechanistic point of view, of our current understanding of paleo, present-day, and future variability and change. It presents the current state of the science by bringing together the world's leading experts in physical, chemical, and biological oceanography, marine geology, geochemistry, paleoceanography, and climate modeling. A mix of overview and research papers makes this volume suitable not only for experts in the field, but also for students and anyone interested in climate change and the oceans.

Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics

Author : Geoffrey K. Vallis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139459961
Total Pages : 772 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics by : Geoffrey K. Vallis

Download or read book Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics written by Geoffrey K. Vallis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-06 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid dynamics is fundamental to our understanding of the atmosphere and oceans. Although many of the same principles of fluid dynamics apply to both the atmosphere and oceans, textbooks tend to concentrate on the atmosphere, the ocean, or the theory of geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD). This textbook provides a comprehensive unified treatment of atmospheric and oceanic fluid dynamics. The book introduces the fundamentals of geophysical fluid dynamics, including rotation and stratification, vorticity and potential vorticity, and scaling and approximations. It discusses baroclinic and barotropic instabilities, wave-mean flow interactions and turbulence, and the general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean. Student problems and exercises are included at the end of each chapter. Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics: Fundamentals and Large-Scale Circulation will be an invaluable graduate textbook on advanced courses in GFD, meteorology, atmospheric science and oceanography, and an excellent review volume for researchers. Additional resources are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521849692.

Coupled Ocean-atmosphere Models

Author : Jacques C. J. Nihoul
Publisher : Elsevier Publishing Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Coupled Ocean-atmosphere Models by : Jacques C. J. Nihoul

Download or read book Coupled Ocean-atmosphere Models written by Jacques C. J. Nihoul and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1985 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exchange of momentum, heat, moisture, gases (such as CO 2 and O 2 ) and salt between the atmosphere and the ocean is a phenomenon of paramount importance for the dynamics of the atmosphere and the ocean. With the pressing need for reliable climate forecast (e.g. to deal with severe food and energy problems) interactive ocean-atmosphere models have become one of the main objectives of geophysical fluid dynamics. This volume provides the first state-of-the-art review of interactive ocean-atmosphere modelling and its application to climates. The papers are by active and eminent scientists from different countries and different disciplines. They provide a up-to-date survey of major recent discoveries and valuable recommendations for future research."

Ocean Circulation and Climate

Author : Carl Wunsch
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN 13 : 0128058706
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean Circulation and Climate by : Carl Wunsch

Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by Carl Wunsch and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Ocean Circulation Experiment drove the development of estimates of the decadal scale time evolving general circulation that are dynamically and kinematically consistent. A long timescale, and a goal of estimation rather than prediction, preclude the use of meteorological methods called “data assimilation (DA).” Instead, “state estimation” methods are reviewed here and distinguished from DA. Results from the dynamically consistent family of solutions from the project Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean based upon least-squares Lagrange multipliers (adjoints) are used to discuss the determination of the dominant elements of the circulation in the period since 1992—which marked the beginning of the satellite altimetric record. Significant changes documented in the Arctic in recent decades now mandate consideration of the coupled ocean-cryospheric state.

Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309060982
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change by : National Research Council

Download or read book Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-12-24 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Society today may be more vulnerable to global-scale, long-term, climate change than ever before. Even without any human influence, past records show that climate can be expected to continue to undergo considerable change over decades to centuries. Measures for adaption and mitigation will call for policy decisions based on a sound scientific foundation. Better understanding and prediction of climate variations can be achieved most efficiently through a nationally recognized "dec-cen" science plan. This book articulates the scientific issues that must be addressed to advance us efficiently toward that understanding and outlines the data collection and modeling needed.