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Thermal Sprayed Zinc Anodes For Cathodic Protection Of Steel Reinforced Concrete Bridges
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Book Synopsis Thermal-sprayed Zinc Anodes for Cathodic Protection of Steel-reinforced Concrete Bridges by :
Download or read book Thermal-sprayed Zinc Anodes for Cathodic Protection of Steel-reinforced Concrete Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal-sprayed zinc anodes are being used in Oregon in impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems for reinforced concrete bridges. The U.S. Department of Energy, Albany Research Center, is collaborating with the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) to evaluate the long-term performance and service life of these anodes. Laboratory studies were conducted on concrete slabs coated with 0.5 mm (20 mil) thick, thermal-sprayed zinc anodes. The slabs were electrochemically aged at an accelerated rate using an anode current density of 0.032 A/m2 (3mA/ft2). Half the slabs were preheated before thermal-spraying with zinc; the other half were unheated. Electrochemical aging resulted in the formation at the zinc-concrete interface of a thin, low pH zone (relative to cement paste) consisting primarily of ZnO and Zn(OH)2, and in a second zone of calcium and zinc aluminates and silicates formed by secondary mineralization. Both zones contained elevated concentrations of sulfate and chloride ions. The original bond strength of the zinc coating decreased due to the loss of mechanical bond to the concrete with the initial passage of electrical charge (aging). Additional charge led to an increase in bond strength to a maximum as the result of secondary mineralization of zinc dissolution products with the cement paste. Further charge led to a decrease in bond strength and ultimately coating disbondment as the interfacial reaction zones continued to thicken. This occurred at an effective service life of 27 years at the 0.0022 A/m2 (0.2 mA/ft2) current density typically used by ODOT in ICCP systems for coastal bridges. Zinc coating failure under tensile stress was primarily cohesive within the thickening reaction zones at the zinc-concrete interface. There was no difference between the bond strength of zinc coatings on preheated and unheated concrete surfaces after long service times.
Book Synopsis Performance of Zinc Anodes for Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Bridges by :
Download or read book Performance of Zinc Anodes for Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Intermittent Cathodic Protection for Steel Reinforced Concrete Bridges by :
Download or read book Intermittent Cathodic Protection for Steel Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal-sprayed zinc anodes are used for impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems on Oregon's reinforced concrete coastal bridges to prevent chloride-induced corrosion damage. Thermal-sprayed zinc performs well as an ICCP anode but the service life of the zinc anode is directly related to the average current density used to operate the systems. After a ICCP system is turned off, the rebar in the concrete remains passive and protected for a period of time. Intermittent operation of CP systems is possible when continuous corrosion rate monitoring is used to identify conditions when the CP system needs to be turned on to reestablish protection conditions for the rebar. This approach applies CP protection only when needed and reflects the fact that external protection may not be needed for a range of environmental conditions. In doing so, intermittent CP would lower the average current necessary to protect rebar, increase the anode service life, and reduce the lifetime costs for protecting reinforced concrete bridges.
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Aging of Thermal-Sprayed Zinc Anodes on Concrete by :
Download or read book Electrochemical Aging of Thermal-Sprayed Zinc Anodes on Concrete written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal-sprayed zinc anodes are used in impressed current cathodic protection systems for some of Oregon's coastal reinforced concrete bridges. Electrochemical aging of zinc anodes results in physical and chemical changes at the zinc-concrete interface. Concrete surfaces heated prior to thermal-spraying had initial adhesion strengths 80 pct higher than unheated surfaces. For electrochemical aging greater than 200 kC/m2 (5.2 A h/ft2), there was no difference in adhesion strengths for zinc on preheated and unheated concrete. Adhesion strengths decreased monotonically after about 400 to 600 kC/m2 (10.4 to 15.6 A-h/ft2) as a result of the reaction zones at the zinc-concrete interface. A zone adjacent to the metallic zinc (and originally part of the zinc coating) was primarily zincite (ZnO), with minor constituents of wulfingite (Zn(OH)2), simonkolleite (Zn5(OH) C{sub l2}{sup .}H2O), and hydrated zinc hydroxide sulfates (Zn4SO4(OH)6{sup .}xH2O). This zone is the locus for cohesive fracture when the zinc coating separates from the concrete during adhesion tests. Zinc ions substitute for calcium in the cement paste adjacent to the coating as the result of secondary mineralization. The initial estimate of the coating service life based on adhesion strength measurements in accelerated impressed current cathodic protection tests is about 27 years.
Book Synopsis Cathodic Protection of Concrete Bridges by : Jack E. Bennett
Download or read book Cathodic Protection of Concrete Bridges written by Jack E. Bennett and published by Strategic Highway Research Program (Shrp). This book was released on 1993 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides explanation, guidance, and direction concerning cathodic protection of concrete bridge elements to the highway engineer who wants to incorporate cathodic protection in a bridge project. The manual which provides background information on corrosion fundamentals, is divided into 3 parts: design, construction, and operation and maintenance. An appendix provides standard specifications for cathodic protection systems for both decks and substructures. The document is intended to be a useful reference for engineers who design and prepare specifications or who oversee turnkey operations.
Book Synopsis Thermal Spray Coatings for Coastal Infrastructure by :
Download or read book Thermal Spray Coatings for Coastal Infrastructure written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several protection strategies for coastal infrastructure using thermal-spray technology are presented from research at the Albany Research Center. Thermal-sprayed zinc coatings for anodes in impressed current cathodic protection systems are used to extend the service lives of reinforced concrete bridges along the Oregon coast. Thermal-sprayed Ti is examined as an alternative to the consumable zinc anode. Sealed thermal-sprayed Al is examined as an alternative coating to zinc dust filled polyurethane paint for steel structures.
Book Synopsis Sprayed Zinc Galvanic Anodes for Concrete Marine Bridge Substructures by : Alberto A. Sagüés
Download or read book Sprayed Zinc Galvanic Anodes for Concrete Marine Bridge Substructures written by Alberto A. Sagüés and published by National Research Council. This book was released on 1994 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A low-cost method for galvanic cathodic protection of reinforcing steel in concrete was examined. In this method, arc-sprayed zinc is deposited on the external concrete surface of steel-reinforced marine substructure bridge components, which are normally subject to corrosion of the reinforcement as a result of chloride ion contamination of the concrete. The concrete cover of corrosion-damaged substructure components is removed, exposing the reinforcing steel. After sandblasting, the zinc is arc-sprayed over the exposed steel and surrounding concrete, creating a 1/2 mm thick galvanic anode, which is in electronic contact with the steel and in electrolytic contact with the water in the concrete pores. In this investigation, the ability of the system to deliver protective current was examined by experiments in the laboratory and at field installations at bridges in the Florida Keys.
Book Synopsis Protection of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Substructures Using Submerged Bulk Anodes by : Francisco Presuel-Moreno
Download or read book Protection of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Substructures Using Submerged Bulk Anodes written by Francisco Presuel-Moreno and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Select Methods of Corrosion Control, Corrosion Prevention, and Repair in Reinforced Concrete Bridges by : Habib Tabatabai
Download or read book Evaluation of Select Methods of Corrosion Control, Corrosion Prevention, and Repair in Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by Habib Tabatabai and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Field Application of a Thermal-sprayed Titanium Anode for Cathodic Protection of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete by : Galen E. McGill
Download or read book Field Application of a Thermal-sprayed Titanium Anode for Cathodic Protection of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete written by Galen E. McGill and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cathodic Protection of a Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck and Soffit Using Metallized Zinc by : Richard A. Carello
Download or read book Cathodic Protection of a Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck and Soffit Using Metallized Zinc written by Richard A. Carello and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures by : Carlo Pellegrino
Download or read book Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures written by Carlo Pellegrino and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-11 with total page 1454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the latest advances and innovations in the field of quality control and improvement of bridges and structures, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures (EUROSTRUCT 2021), held in Padua, Italy on August 29 – September 1, 2021. Contributions include a wide range of topics such as testing and advanced diagnostic techniques for damage detection; SHM and AI, IoT and machine learning for data analysis of bridges and structures; fiberoptics and smart sensors for long-term SHM; structural reliability, risk, robustness, redundancy and resilience for bridges; corrosion models, fatigue analysis and impact of hazards on infrastructure components; bridge and asset management systems, and decision-making models; Life-Cycle Analysis, retrofit and service-life extension, risk management protocols; quality control plans, sustainability and green materials.
Book Synopsis Development of a New Sacrificial Cathodic Protection System for Steel Embedded in Concrete by : M. Funahashi
Download or read book Development of a New Sacrificial Cathodic Protection System for Steel Embedded in Concrete written by M. Funahashi and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the interim report for a study to evaluate the use of sacrificial cathodic protection for reinforced and prestressed concrete bridge members. Cathodic protection (CP) using impressed current is an accepted and common method used to provide corrosion protection to steel in concrete. This study examined the performance of existing sacrificial alloys in different environments for sacrificial CP, and developed new sacrificial alloys for protecting steel in concrete. The study consisted of both laboratory and field tasks. The first task consisted of tests to identify suitable environments for sacrificial alloys. In the second task, two bridges with a zinc sacrificial anode in the Florida Keys were inspected and tested. Data on anode current output, anode and cathode potential, and anode and cathode depolarization were recorded.
Book Synopsis 1997 Tri-Service Conference on Corrosion, November 17-21, 1997, Blockade Runner Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, NC. Vol. 2 - Proceedings by : Gordon R. Holcomb
Download or read book 1997 Tri-Service Conference on Corrosion, November 17-21, 1997, Blockade Runner Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, NC. Vol. 2 - Proceedings written by Gordon R. Holcomb and published by . This book was released on 1997-11-01 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several protection strategies for coastal infrastructure using thermal-spray technology are presented from research at the Albany Research Center. Thermal-sprayed zinc coatings for anodes in impressed current cathodic protection systems are used to extend the service lives of reinforced concrete bridges along the Oregon coast. Thermal-sprayed Ti is examined as an alternative to the consumable zinc anode. Sealed thermal-sprayed A1 is examined as an alternative coating to zinc dust filled polyurethane paint for steel structures.
Book Synopsis Concrete Under Severe Conditions 2 by : Odd E. Gjørv
Download or read book Concrete Under Severe Conditions 2 written by Odd E. Gjørv and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cathodic Protection of Reinforcement Steel in Concrete by : K. G. C. Berkeley
Download or read book Cathodic Protection of Reinforcement Steel in Concrete written by K. G. C. Berkeley and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1990 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Cathodic Protection in Reinforced Concrete Bridges by : Farid Abooameri
Download or read book Evaluation of Cathodic Protection in Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by Farid Abooameri and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steel corrosion in reinforced concrete is a major concern to transportation agencies nationwide because of the expenses incurred for repair and ultimate shortening of bridge life. Cathodic protection (CP), as a remedy, has been applied to reinforced bridges in the US since 1974. However, application of this technique is largely empirical, lacking fundamental understanding. In order to optimize the performance of a CP system, it is important to monitor the rebar potential with respect to a reliable reference electrode. Moreover, because of potential variation in the concrete, reference cell placement is fundamental to ensure effective protection. The work plan was divided into two parts: laboratory scale experimentation and computer simulation. In the experimentation section, the response of graphite probes was compared to that of an Orion silver-silver chloride electrode. Graphite probes behaved as well as the standard electrode. Furthermore, the home-made graphite probes behaved the same as the commercial ones. This will allow much greater experimental latitude since the home-made probes are much more economical than the commercial ones. A finite difference code was developed to assess the performance of cathodic protection. The potential distribution in a two dimensional geometry of a concrete block with a sprayed zinc anode at one boundary and an iron cathode at the other side was calculated under cathodic protection. The equations were solved by means of a Gauss-Seidel iterative method with the help of an overrelaxation factor. An interval halving method was used to solve for nonlinear boundary condition at the iron. The effects of concrete pore saturation, concrete cover, and applied potential were studied to determine the degree of protection and proper placement of the reference electrode in concrete. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was performed versus input parameters: concrete conductivity, oxygen mass transfer coefficient, and oxygen reduction polarization parameters. The results of the simulation showed that the center of the rebar is less protected than the other locations. Therefore, the reference electrode should be located as close to the center as possible.
