The Turkish Language Reform

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The Turkish Language Reform : A Catastrophic Success

Author : Geoffrey Lewis
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191583227
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Turkish Language Reform : A Catastrophic Success by : Geoffrey Lewis

Download or read book The Turkish Language Reform : A Catastrophic Success written by Geoffrey Lewis and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1999-11-18 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first full account of the transformation of Ottoman Turkish into modern Turkish. It is based on the author's knowledge, experience and continuing study of the language, history, and people of Turkey. That transformation of the Turkish language is probably the most thorough-going piece of linguistics engineering in history. Its prelude came in 1928, when the Arabo-Persian alphabet was outlawed and replaced by the Latin alphabet. It began in earnest in 1930 when Ataturk declared: Turkish is one of the richest of languages. It needs only to be used with discrimination. The Turkish nation, which is well able to protect its territory and its sublime independence, must also liberate its language from the yoke of foreign languages. A government-sponsored campaign was waged to replace words of Arabic or Persian origin by words collected from popular speech, or resurrected from ancient texts, or coined from native roots and suffixes. The snag - identified by the author as one element in the catastrophic aspect of the reform - was that when these sources failed to provide the needed words, the reformers simply invented them. The reform was central to the young republic's aspiration to be western and secular, but it did not please those who remained wedded to their mother tongue or to the Islamic past. The controversy is by no means over, but Ottoman Turkish is dead. Professor Lewis both acquaints the general reader with the often bizarre, sometimes tragicomic but never dull story of the reform, and provides a lively and incisive account for students of Turkish and the relations between culture, politics and language with some stimulating reading. The author draws on his own wide experience of Turkey and his personal knowledge of many of the leading actors. The general reader will not be at a disadvantage, because no Turkish word or quotation has been left untranslated. This book is important for the light it throws on twentieth-century Turkish politics and society, as much as it is for the study of linguistic change. It is not only scholarly and accessible; it is also an extremely good read.

Grammatology and Literary Modernity in Turkey

Author : Nergis Ertürk
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199746680
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Grammatology and Literary Modernity in Turkey by : Nergis Ertürk

Download or read book Grammatology and Literary Modernity in Turkey written by Nergis Ertürk and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-10-19 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1928 Turkish alphabet reform replacing the Perso-Arabic script with the Latin phonetic alphabet is an emblem of Turkish modernization. Grammatology and Literary Modernity in Turkey traces the history of Turkish alphabet and language reform from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, examining its effects on modern Turkish literature. In readings of the novels, essays, and poetry of Ahmed Midhat, Recaizade Mahmud Ekrem, Omer Seyfeddin, Ahmet Hamdi Tanpinar, Peyami Safa, and Nazim Hikmet, Nergis Erturk argues that modern Turkish literature is profoundly self-conscious of dramatic change in its own historical conditions of possibility. Where literary historiography has sometimes idealized the Turkish language reforms as the culmination of a successful project of Westernizing modernization, Erturk suggests a different critical narrative: one of the consolidation of control over communication, forging a unitary nation and language from a pluralistic and multilingual society.

Tradition,Tension and Translation in Turkey

Author : Şehnaz Tahir Gürçaglar
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027268479
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Tradition,Tension and Translation in Turkey by : Şehnaz Tahir Gürçaglar

Download or read book Tradition,Tension and Translation in Turkey written by Şehnaz Tahir Gürçaglar and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles in this volume examine historical, cultural, literary and political facets of translation in Turkey, a society in tortuous transformation since the 19th century from empire to nation-state. Some draw attention to tradition in Ottoman practices and agents of translation and interpreting, while others explore the republican period, starting in 1923, with the revolutionary change in script from Arabic to Roman coming in 1928, making a powerful impact on publication and translation practices. Areas covered include the German Jewish academic involvement in translation, traditional and current practices of translating from Kurdish into Turkish, censorship of translated literature, intralingual translations from Ottoman into modern Turkish, pseudotranslation, ideological manipulation and resistance in translation, imitativeness vs. originality and metonymics of literary reviewing.

The Turkic Languages

Author : Lars Johanson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000488241
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Turkic Languages by : Lars Johanson

Download or read book The Turkic Languages written by Lars Johanson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-27 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Turkic languages are spoken today in a vast geographical area stretching from southern Iran to the Arctic Ocean and from the Balkans to the great wall of China. There are currently 20 literary languages in the group, the most important among them being Turkish with over 70 million speakers; other major languages covered include Azeri, Bashkir, Chuvash, Gagauz, Karakalpak, Kazakh, Kirghiz, Noghay, Tatar, Turkmen, Uyghur, Uzbek, Yakut, Yellow Uyghur and languages of Iran and South Siberia. The Turkic Languages is a reference book which brings together detailed discussions of the historical development and specialized linguistic structures and features of the languages in the Turkic family. Seen from a linguistic typology point of view, Turkic languages are particularly interesting because of their astonishing morphosyntactic regularity, their vast geographical distribution, and their great stability over time. This volume builds upon a work which has already become a defining classic of Turkic language study. The present, thoroughly revised edition updates and augments those authoritative accounts and reflects recent and ongoing developments in the languages themselves, as well as our further enhanced understanding of the relations and patterns of influence between them. The result is the fruit of decades-long experience in the teaching of the Turkic languages, their philology and literature, and also of a wealth of new insights into the linguistic phenomena and cultural interactions defining their development and use, both historically and in the present day. Each chapter combines modern linguistic analysis with traditional historical linguistics; a uniform structure allows for easy typological comparison between the individual languages. Written by an international team of experts, The Turkic Languages will be invaluable to students and researchers within linguistics, Turcology, and Near Eastern and Oriental Studies.

The Turkish Language Reform

Author : Geoffrey Lewis
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9780199256693
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (566 download)

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Book Synopsis The Turkish Language Reform by : Geoffrey Lewis

Download or read book The Turkish Language Reform written by Geoffrey Lewis and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2002 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first full account of the transformation of Ottoman Turkish into Modern Turkish. It is based on the author's knowledge and experience of the language, history, and people of Turkey. The transformation of the Turkish language is probably the most thorough-going piece of linguistic engineering in history. Its prelude came in 1928, when the Arabo-Persian alphabet was outlawed and replaced by the Latin alphabet. It began in earnest in 1930 when Ataturk declared: 'Turkish is oneof the richest of languages. It needs only to be used with discrimination. The Turkish nation, which is well able to protect its territory and its sublime independence, must also liberate its language from the yoke of foreign languages.' All Arabic and Persian vocabulary was replaced forthwith by words collected from popular speech, resurrected from ancient texts, or coined from native roots and suffixes. The snag - identified by the author as one element in the catastrophic aspect of the reform - was that when these sources failed to provide the needed words, the reformers simply invented them. The reform was central to the young republic's aspiration to be western and secular, but it did not please those who remained wedded to their mother tongue or to the Islamic past. The controversy is by no means over, but Ottoman Turkish is dead. Geoffrey Lewis both acquaints the general reader with the often bizarre, sometimes tragi-comic, but never dull story of the reform, and provides a stimulating and incisive account for students of Turkish language, history, and culture. The author draws on his own wide experience of Turkey and his personal knowledge of many of the leading actors. He has left no word, phrase, or sentence of Turkish untranslated, other than the names of books and articles.

Ataturk And The Modernization Of Turkey

Author : Jacob M Landau
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429725914
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis Ataturk And The Modernization Of Turkey by : Jacob M Landau

Download or read book Ataturk And The Modernization Of Turkey written by Jacob M Landau and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who founded the Republic of Turkey sixty years ago, dedicated himself to westernizing the Turkish state and its society and culture. In this first attempt to evaluate Ataturk's overall contribution to the modernization of Turkey, an international group of scholars examine a broad range of subjects, including the Kemalist

A Millennium of Turkish Literature

Author : Talat S. Halman
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
ISBN 13 : 0815650744
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis A Millennium of Turkish Literature by : Talat S. Halman

Download or read book A Millennium of Turkish Literature written by Talat S. Halman and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-08 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Orhon inscriptions to Orhan Pamuk, the story of Turkish literature from the eighth century A.D. to the present day is rich and complex, full of firm traditions and daring transformations. Spanning a wide geographic range from Outer Mongolia and the environs of China through the Middle East all the way to Europe, the history of Turkish literature embraces a multitude of traditions and influences. All have left their imprint on the distinctive amalgam that is uniquely Turkish. Always receptive to the nurturing values, aesthetic tastes, and literary penchants of diverse civilizations, Turkish culture succeeded in evolving a sui generis personality. It clung to its own established traits, yet it was flexible enough to welcome innovations—and even revolutionary change. A Millennium of Turkish Literature tells the story of how literature evolved and grew in stature on the Turkish mainland over the course of a thousand years. The book features numerous poems and extracts in fluid translations by Halman and others. This volume provides a concise and captivating introduction to Turkish literature and, with selections from its extensive “Suggested Reading” section, serves as an invaluable guide to Turkish literature for course adoption.

Key to the Ottoman-Turkish Conversation-grammar

Author : V. H. Hagopian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Key to the Ottoman-Turkish Conversation-grammar by : V. H. Hagopian

Download or read book Key to the Ottoman-Turkish Conversation-grammar written by V. H. Hagopian and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A History of Ottoman Poetry

Author : Elias John Wilkinson Gibb
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Ottoman Poetry by : Elias John Wilkinson Gibb

Download or read book A History of Ottoman Poetry written by Elias John Wilkinson Gibb and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elias John Wilkinson Gibb (1857-1901) was a Scottish Orientalist who was born and educated in Glasgow. After studying Arabic and Persian, he developed an interest in Turkish language and literature, especially poetry, and in 1882 he published Ottoman Poems Translated into English Verse in the Original Forms. This was a forerunner to the six-volume classic presented here, A History of Ottoman Poetry, published in London between 1900 and 1909. Gibb died in London of scarlet fever at the age of 44, and only the first volume of his masterpiece appeared before his death. His family entrusted to his friend Edward Granville Browne (1862-1926), a distinguished Orientalist in his own right who had made a special study of Babism, the task of posthumously publishing the five remaining volumes. Browne characterized the work as "one of the most important, if not the most important, critical studies of any Muhammadan literature produced in Europe during the last half-century." The first volume contains a long and compelling introduction by Gibb on the entire subject, in which he argues that Ottoman poetry often rose and fell in tandem with Ottoman power. Gibb divides Ottoman poetry into two great schools, the Old or Asiatic (circa 1300-1859), which generally was characterized by its deference to Persian influences; and the New or European (from 1859 onward), which was influenced by French and other Western poetry. According to Gibb, the Old or Asiatic School went through a four periods: a formative period (1300-1450); a period (1450-1600) in which works were modeled after the Persian poet Jami; a period (1600-1700) dominated by the influences of Persian poets Urfi Shirazi and Saʼib Tabrizi; and a period of uncertainty that lasted until 1859. The European school that followed was inaugurated by Ibrahim Sinasi (1826-71), who in 1859 produced a small but momentous collection of French poetry translated into Turkish verse. The influence of the collection was far-reaching and eventually changed the course of Ottoman poetry. Gibb is known for his masterful translations that brilliantly render into English both the meaning and the form of Ottoman, Persian, and Arabic poetry. For almost a century after his death, a family trust financed the Gibb Memorial Series of editions and translations into English of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish texts.

Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876

Author : Roderic H. Davison
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400878764
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876 by : Roderic H. Davison

Download or read book Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876 written by Roderic H. Davison and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author examines in detail the Tanzimat reforms, focusing on the crucial phase between the reform edict of 1856 and the constitution of 1876. Originally published in 1963. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Kemalist Turkey and the Middle East

Author : Amit Bein
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107198003
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Kemalist Turkey and the Middle East by : Amit Bein

Download or read book Kemalist Turkey and the Middle East written by Amit Bein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-09 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multifaceted study of Turkey's diplomatic, economic, social and cultural relations with the Middle East in the interwar period.

The Turkic Languages

Author : Lars Johanson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136825347
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis The Turkic Languages by : Lars Johanson

Download or read book The Turkic Languages written by Lars Johanson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-29 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Turkic Languages examines the modern languages within this wide-ranging language family and gives an historical overview of their development.The first part covers generalities, providing an introduction to the grammatical traditions, subgrouping and writing systems of this language family. The latter part of the book focuses on descriptions of the individual languages themselves. Each language description gives an overview of the language followed by detail on phonology, morphology, syntax, lexis and dialects. The language chapters are similarly structured to enable the reader to access and compare information easily. Each chapter represents a self-contained article written by a recognised expert in the field. Suggestions are made for the most useful sources of further reading and the work is comprehensively indexed.

Second Language Acquisition of Turkish

Author : Ayşe Gürel
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027267073
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Second Language Acquisition of Turkish by : Ayşe Gürel

Download or read book Second Language Acquisition of Turkish written by Ayşe Gürel and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the findings of current studies on the second language (L2) acquisition of Turkish, an Altaic language with more than 140 million native speakers around the world. There is now a growing interest in learning and teaching Turkish as an L2, both in and outside Turkey. Coordinated efforts to produce theoretical and empirical work on the acquisition and teaching of L2 Turkish are therefore an urgent need. The compilation in this volume offers eleven L2 studies that explore the representation and/or processing of various linguistic properties in different domains of grammar (phonology, morpho-syntax, pragmatics) and their interfaces. All studies involve adult L2 Turkish learners with various first-language backgrounds at different proficiency levels. With extensive discussions on theoretical and pedagogical issues, this title will appeal to an international readership that includes L2 Turkish researchers, materials designers, and teachers.

Old and New Islam in Greece

Author : Konstantinos Tsitselikis
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9004221522
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Old and New Islam in Greece by : Konstantinos Tsitselikis

Download or read book Old and New Islam in Greece written by Konstantinos Tsitselikis and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2012-05-25 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing an interdisciplinary look at Greece’s Muslim minority and migrant communities, this book provides an exhaustive legal analysis of regulations and broadens our understanding of the political management of ethnic and religious otherness, while placing these phenomena in historical context.

Nation, Language, Islam

Author : Helen M. Faller
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9639776904
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (397 download)

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Book Synopsis Nation, Language, Islam by : Helen M. Faller

Download or read book Nation, Language, Islam written by Helen M. Faller and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-10 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed academic treatise of the history of nationality in Tatarstan. The book demonstrates how state collapse and national revival influenced the divergence of worldviews among ex-Soviet people in Tatarstan, where a political movement for sovereignty (1986-2000) had significant social effects, most saliently, by increasing the domains where people speak the Tatar language and circulating ideas associated with Tatar culture. Also addresses the question of how Russian Muslims experience quotidian life in the post-Soviet period. The only book-length ethnography in English on Tatars, Russia’s second most populous nation, and also the largest Muslim community in the Federation, offers a major contribution to our understanding of how and why nations form and how and why they matter – and the limits of their influence, in the Tatar case.

Burgess Unabridged

Author : Gelett Burgess
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Burgess Unabridged by : Gelett Burgess

Download or read book Burgess Unabridged written by Gelett Burgess and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Literacy in the Persianate World

Author : Brian Spooner
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 1934536563
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Literacy in the Persianate World by : Brian Spooner

Download or read book Literacy in the Persianate World written by Brian Spooner and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2012-03-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Persian has been a written language since the sixth century B.C. Only Chinese, Greek, and Latin have comparable histories of literacy. Although Persian script changed—first from cuneiform to a modified Aramaic, then to Arabic—from the ninth to the nineteenth centuries it served a broader geographical area than any language in world history. It was the primary language of administration and belles lettres from the Balkans under the earlier Ottoman Empire to Central China under the Mongols, and from the northern branches of the Silk Road in Central Asia to southern India under the Mughal Empire. Its history is therefore crucial for understanding the function of writing in world history. Each of the chapters of Literacy in the Persianate World opens a window onto a particular stage of this history, starting from the reemergence of Persian in the Arabic script after the Arab-Islamic conquest in the seventh century A.D., through the establishment of its administrative vocabulary, its literary tradition, its expansion as the language of trade in the thirteenth century, and its adoption by the British imperial administration in India, before being reduced to the modern role of national language in three countries (Afghanistan, Iran, and Tajikistan) in the twentieth century. Two concluding chapters compare the history of written Persian with the parallel histories of Chinese and Latin, with special attention to the way its use was restricted and channeled by social practice. This is the first comparative study of the historical role of writing in three languages, including two in non-Roman scripts, over a period of two and a half millennia, providing an opportunity for reassessment of the work on literacy in English that has accumulated over the past half century. The editors take full advantage of this opportunity in their introductory essay.