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The Synthesis Of The Elements
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Book Synopsis The Synthesis of the Elements by : Giora Shaviv
Download or read book The Synthesis of the Elements written by Giora Shaviv and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-13 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the origins and evolution of the chemical elements we and the cosmos are made of. The story starts with the discovery of the common elements on Earth and their subsequent discovery in space. How do we learn the composition of the distant stars? How did progress in quantum theory, nuclear physics, spectroscopy, stellar structure and evolution, together with observations of stars, converge to provide an incredibly detailed picture of the universe? How does research in the micro-world explain the macro-world? How does progress in one affect the other, or lack of knowledge in one inhibit progress in the other? In short, Shaviv describes how we discovered the various pieces of the jigsaw that form our present picture of the universe; and how we sometimes put these in the wrong place before finding in the right one. En route we meet some fascinating personalities and learn about heated controversies. Shaviv shows how science lurched from one dogma to the next, time and again shattering much of what had been considered solid knowledge, until eventually a stable understanding arose. Beginning with generally accepted science, the book ends in today’s terra incognita of nuclear physics, astrophysics and cosmology. A monumental work that will fascinate scientists, philosophers, historians and lay readers alike.
Book Synopsis Elements of Synthesis Planning by : R. W. Hoffmann
Download or read book Elements of Synthesis Planning written by R. W. Hoffmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-07 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis is at the core of organic chemistry. In order for compounds to be studied—be it as drugs, materials, or because of their physical properties— they have to be prepared, often in multistep synthetic sequences. Thus, the target compound is at the outset of synthesis planning. Synthesis involves creating the target compound from smaller, readily available building blocks. Immediately, questions arise: From which bui- ing blocks? In which sequence? By which reactions? Nature creates many highly complex “natural products” via reaction cascades, in which an asso- ment of starting compounds present within the cell is transformed by speci c (for each target structure) combinations of modular enzymes in speci c - quences into the target compounds [1, 2]. To mimic this ef ciency is the dream of an ideal synthesis [2]. However, we are at present so far from - alising such a “one-pot” operation that actual synthesis has to be achieved via a sequence of individual discrete steps. Thus, we are left with the task of planning each synthesis individually in an optimal fashion. Synthesis planning must be conducted with regard for certain speci - tions, some of which are due to the structure of the target molecule, and some of which relate to external parameters such as costs, environmental compatibility, or novelty. We will not consider these external aspects in this context. Planning of a synthesis is based on a pool of information regarding chemical reactions that can be executed reliably and in high chemical yield.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics by : Noboru Takigawa
Download or read book Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics written by Noboru Takigawa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the current understanding of the fundamentals of nuclear physics by referring to key experimental data and by providing a theoretical understanding of principal nuclear properties. It primarily covers the structure of nuclei at low excitation in detail. It also examines nuclear forces and decay properties. In addition to fundamentals, the book treats several new research areas such as non-relativistic as well as relativistic Hartree–Fock calculations, the synthesis of super-heavy elements, the quantum chromodynamics phase diagram, and nucleosynthesis in stars, to convey to readers the flavor of current research frontiers in nuclear physics. The authors explain semi-classical arguments and derivation of its formulae. In these ways an intuitive understanding of complex nuclear phenomena is provided. The book is aimed at graduate school students as well as junior and senior undergraduate students and postdoctoral fellows. It is also useful for researchers to update their knowledge of diverse fields of nuclear structure. The book explains how basic physics such as quantum mechanics and statistical physics, as well as basic physical mathematics, is used to describe nuclear phenomena. A number of questions are given from place to place as supplements to the text.
Book Synopsis Le Corbusier by : Stanislaus von Moos
Download or read book Le Corbusier written by Stanislaus von Moos and published by 010 Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in Germany in 1968, this first comprehensive and critical survey of Le Corbusier's life and work soon became the standard text on the architect and polymath. French, Spanish, English, Japanese and Korean editions followed, but the book has now been out of print for almost two decades. In the meantime, Le Corbusier's archives in Paris have become available for research, resulting in an avalanche of scholarship. Von Moos' critical take and the basic criteria by which the subject is organized and historicized remain surprisingly pertinent in the context of this recent jungle of Corbusier studies. This new, completely revised edition is based on the 1979 version published in English by the MIT Press but offers a substantially updated body of illustrations. Each of the seven chapters is supplemented by a critical survey of recent scholarship on the respective issues. An updated edition of this acclaimed book, an essential read for students of architecture and architectural history.
Book Synopsis A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis by : Glen W. Watson
Download or read book A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis written by Glen W. Watson and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncover the fascinating chronicles of elemental exploration in 'A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis' by Glen W. Watson. Delve into the intricate world of chemistry and biology, where the secrets of the elements are unveiled in a concise and engaging manner. With its meticulously researched content and engaging storytelling, this book is a must-have for both amateur enthusiasts and seasoned professionals alike. Join the author on a quest to satisfy the curious minds of chemists and biologists, as the rich tapestry of element exploration comes to life within these pages.
Book Synopsis Beyond the Molecular Frontier by : National Research Council
Download or read book Beyond the Molecular Frontier written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.
Book Synopsis Cauldrons in the Cosmos by : Claus E. Rolfs
Download or read book Cauldrons in the Cosmos written by Claus E. Rolfs and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reference source that addresses fundamental questions in the field of nuclear astrophysics.
Book Synopsis Materials Science and Engineering for the 1990s by : National Research Council
Download or read book Materials Science and Engineering for the 1990s written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials science and engineering (MSE) contributes to our everyday lives by making possible technologies ranging from the automobiles we drive to the lasers our physicians use. Materials Science and Engineering for the 1990s charts the impact of MSE on the private and public sectors and identifies the research that must be conducted to help America remain competitive in the world arena. The authors discuss what current and future resources would be needed to conduct this research, as well as the role that industry, the federal government, and universities should play in this endeavor.
Book Synopsis Modern Inorganic Synthetic Chemistry by : Ruren Xu
Download or read book Modern Inorganic Synthetic Chemistry written by Ruren Xu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-01-13 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to this book discuss inorganic synthesis reactions, dealing with inorganic synthesis and preparative chemistry under specific conditions. They go on to describe the synthesis, preparation and assembly of six important categories of compounds with wide coverage of distinct synthetic chemistry systems
Book Synopsis Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters by : National Research Council
Download or read book Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes hazards from radon progeny and other alpha-emitters that humans may inhale or ingest from their environment. In their analysis, the authors summarize in one document clinical and epidemiological evidence, the results of animal studies, research on alpha-particle damage at the cellular level, metabolic pathways for internal alpha-emitters, dosimetry and microdosimetry of radionuclides deposited in specific tissues, and the chemical toxicity of some low-specific-activity alpha-emitters. Techniques for estimating the risks to humans posed by radon and other internally deposited alpha-emitters are offered, along with a discussion of formulas, models, methods, and the level of uncertainty inherent in the risk estimates.
Book Synopsis Nuclear Reactions for Astrophysics by : Ian J. Thompson
Download or read book Nuclear Reactions for Astrophysics written by Ian J. Thompson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-02 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes how the processes in stars which produce the chemical elements for planets and life may be reproduced in laboratories.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Organic Synthesis Using Transition Metals by : Roderick Bates
Download or read book Organic Synthesis Using Transition Metals written by Roderick Bates and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transition metals open up new opportunities for synthesis, because their means of bonding and their reaction mechanisms differ from those of the elements of the s and p blocks. In the last two decades the subject has mushroomed - established reactions are seeing both technical improvements and increasing numbers of applications, and new reactions are being developed. The practicality of the subject is demonstrated by the large number of publications coming from the process development laboratories of pharmaceutical companies, and its importance is underlined by the fact that three Nobel prizes have been awarded for discoveries in this field in the 21st Century already. Organic Synthesis Using Transition Metals, 2nd Edition considers the ways in which transition metals, as catalysts and reagents, can be used in organic synthesis, both for pharmaceutical compounds and for natural products. It concentrates on the bond-forming reactions that set transition metal chemistry apart from "classical" organic chemistry. Each chapter is extensively referenced and provides a convenient point of entry to the research literature. Topics covered include: introduction to transition metals in organic synthesis coupling reactions C-H activation carbonylative coupling reactions alkene and alkyne insertion reactions electrophilic alkene and alkyne complexes reactions of alkyne complexes carbene complexes h3- or p-allyl -allyl complexes diene, dienyl and arene complexes cycloaddition and cycloisomerisation reactions For this second edition the text has been extensively revised and expanded to reflect the significant improvements and advances in the field since the first edition, as well as the large number of new transition metal-catalysed processes that have come to prominence in the last 10 years – for example the extraordinary progress in coupling reactions using “designer” ligands, catalysis using gold complexes, new opportunities arising from metathesis chemistry, and C-H activation – without neglecting the well established chemistry of metals such as palladium. Organic Synthesis Using Transition Metals, 2nd Edition will find a place on the bookshelves of advanced undergraduates and postgraduates working in organic synthesis, catalysis, medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. It is also useful for practising researchers who want to refresh and enhance their knowledge of the field.
Book Synopsis The Molecular Origins of Life by : André Brack
Download or read book The Molecular Origins of Life written by André Brack and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-12-28 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 199 book reviews discoveries in astronomy, paleontology, biology and chemistry to help us to understand the likely origin of life on Earth.
Book Synopsis Synthesis of Lanthanide and Actinide Compounds by : G. Meyer
Download or read book Synthesis of Lanthanide and Actinide Compounds written by G. Meyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1990-12-31 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of the rare earths has entered its third century; trans uranium elements are now a half century old. Both the lanthanide and actinide ele ments, 30 elements altogether, are f elements, meaninj that their metallic 2 1 1 electronic configurations are typically 6s 5d 4f" and 7s 6d 5f" respectively. To an elementary approximation as summarized in the 'average inorganic chemistry textbook, these configurations cause their chemistry to be described by the trivalent state accompanied by less interesting effects such as the lanthanide contraction. However, the discovery of divalent and tetravalent lanthanides and di- to seven-valent actinides hinted at the existence of more interesting although still classic solid-state and coor dination chemistry. Metallic halides and chalcogenides and electron-poor cluster compounds have been the outgrowth of many synthetic efforts during the past 25 years or so. These days, one can say that the lan thanides and actinides are not at all boring; the fascination arises from every element being an individual, having its own chemistry.
Book Synopsis The Periodic Table of the Elements of Green and Sustainable Chemistry by : Julie B. Zimmerman
Download or read book The Periodic Table of the Elements of Green and Sustainable Chemistry written by Julie B. Zimmerman and published by . This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of Green and Sustainable Chemistry has demonstrated its ability to address some of greatest challenges as outlined by the United Nations Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). The many aspects of Green and Sustainable Chemistry have been presented in the format of the Periodic Table of the Elements in order to illustrate the importance of each of the types of contributions. The book presents the Humanitarian Elements that underlie the reasons that drive the field of Green and Sustainable Chemistry, the scientific and technological elements of green chemistry and engineering the manifest the discovery and invention of new sustainable technologies, the Enabling Systems Conditions that allow sustainable solutions to go to scale, and the Noble Elements that are the vision for the sustainable world we strive for.
Book Synopsis Lanthanides: Chemistry and Use in Organic Synthesis by : Shu Kobayashi
Download or read book Lanthanides: Chemistry and Use in Organic Synthesis written by Shu Kobayashi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts
