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Author : A. K. Constandse
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (248 download)
Download or read book The Social Impact of Farm Mechanization written by A. K. Constandse and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gigi M Berardi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000305481
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)
Download or read book The Social Consequences And Challenges Of New Agricultural Technologies written by Gigi M Berardi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although formal social impact assessment of changing technologies in U.S. agriculture is still in its infancy, scholars have been documenting the effects of new technology throughout the twentieth century. In this collection, Prcfessors Berardi and Geisler bring together historically relevant research and a carefully chosen cross section of contemporary work. Their review of the literature is followed by an evaluation of the effects of mechanization on labor and production, written in 1904, which provides a backdrop for papers from the 1940s and 1950s examining the mechanization of agriculture in the South, in the Midwest, and in rural areas in general. Subsequent chapters offer present-day insights on such topics as the socioeconomic consequences of automated vegetable and tobacco harvesting, center-pivot irrigation, and organic and no-till cultivation. The authors also look at compensation and adjustment programs for displaced labor, the relationship between technology and agribusiness growth, and the effectiveness of university programs that prepare students to perform social impact assessments in agriculture. The edited proceedings of a spirited roundtable discussion on new directions for the study of the social impacts of farm technology and the political economy of agriculture provide the thought-provoking conclusion to this overview of the field.
Author : Gordon Gemmill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book A Framework for Research on the Economics of Farm Mechanization in Developing Countries written by Gordon Gemmill and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural economics research paper presenting a framework for the economic analysis of the social implications and economic implications of agricultural mechanization in developing countries - specifies the major types of agricultural policy decisions in this field and the research needs for improving decision making, reviews selected economic studies on farm mechanization in terms of research methodology, etc., and makes suggestions for the redirection of research. Bibliography pp. 57 to 67.
Author : BARRY. PRICE
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780367294922
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (949 download)
Download or read book The Political Economy of Mechanization in U. S. Agriculture written by BARRY. PRICE and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than a decade the trend toward increased mechanization in U.S. agriculture has been the source of farm worker protests, legislative hearings, and lawsuits. (The recent case pitting the University of California's prestigious agriculture research establishment against Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers is a prominent example of such litigation.) A key question in the controversy is whether federal and state governments should continue to invest more than $1 billion per year in the development of large-scale, capital-intensive technologies known to have significant social costs. Opponents of continued public support for these new technologies argue that they will eliminate thousands of farm jobs when the nation already suffers from a serious unemployment problem; proponents contend that such capital-intensive technologies keep food prices down for consumers while generating the potential for increased wages for farm workers. This book explores both sides of the debate, tracing the history of the mechanization issue and assessing the economic and sociological bases of the opposing positions. Maintaining that present methods of analysis are not adequate for resolving the conflict, Professor Price suggests an alternative approach, highlighted by a detailed case study of the costs and benefits generated by a new harvest technology adopted in the tomato-processing industry in California. He singles out the role of market structure as the most important variable in the distribution of benefits resulting from mechanization. Finally he relates his research findings to policy alternatives concerning farm mechanization in general, as well as to other problems involving technological change.
Author : International Rice Research Institute
Publisher : Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN 13 : 9711040824
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Consequences of Small-farm Mechanization written by International Rice Research Institute and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1983 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Effects of agricultural mechanization on smallholders and their self-selection into farming written by Takeshima, Hiroyuki and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-12-16 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research was undertaken to better assess the role of mechanization in the future of smallholder farmers in Nepal. It addresses the knowledge gap about whether promoting mechanization that is often complementary to land can effectively support smallholders, particularly in the face of a growing nonfarm sector. Rising rural wages in Nepal have increasingly put pressures on smallholder farmers, who tend to operate labor-intensive farming. Agricultural mechanization through custom hiring of tractor services has recently been considered as an option to mitigate the impact of rising labor costs for smallholders. However, the benefit of agricultural mechanization may still be better captured by exploiting the economies of scale of medium to large farmers rather than smallholders. In the meantime, the Nepal agricultural sector still employs a disproportionate share of workers given its share in the economy, potentially depressing agricultural labor productivity. It is therefore an important policy question whether to (1) continue supporting smallholders through custom-hired tractor services or (2) encourage smallholders to rent their farms out to medium-size or larger farmers, while helping smallholders specialize in the nonfarm sector, where their labor productivity may be higher. Using samples from the Terai zone—one of the agroecological belts in Nepal, largely consisting of lowland plains— from the Nepal Living Standards Survey, we assess whether the benefits of hiring in tractor services are greater among medium to large farmers than among smallholders, and how these benefits may depend on smallholders’ decision to remain in or leave farming. This study also contributes to the impact evaluation literature by showing that jointly assessing the effects of two treatments (whether to adopt custom-hired tractor services and continue farming, or to search for better options and specialize in off-farm activities) can lead to different implications than assessing them separately. Our analyses suggest that the government should continue to promote custom-hired tractor services not only for medium to large farmers but also for smallholders. If, over time, barriers to specializing in nonfarm activities are lowered and more smallholders start leaving farming, mechanization may no longer benefit the remaining smallholders. Support for mechanization can then be focused more on medium to large farmers, while types of support other than mechanization can be devised for the remaining smallholders.
Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251308713
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)
Download or read book Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization: A Framework for Africa written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This framework presents ten interrelated principles/elements to guide Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization in Africa (SAMA). Further, it presents the technical issues to be considered under SAMA and the options to be analysed at the country and sub regional levels. The ten key elements required in a framework for SAMA are as follows: The analysis in the framework calls for a specific approach, involving learning from other parts of the world where significant transformation of the agricultural mechanization sector has already occurred within a three-to-four decade time frame, and developing policies and programmes to realize Africa’s aspirations of Zero Hunger by 2025. This approach entails the identification and prioritization of relevant and interrelated elements to help countries develop strategies and practical development plans that create synergies in line with their agricultural transformation plans. Given the unique characteristics of each country and the diverse needs of Africa due to the ecological heterogeneity and the wide range of farm sizes, the framework avoids being prescriptive.
Author : Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Effects of agricultural mechanization on economies of scope in crop production in Nigeria written by Takeshima, Hiroyuki and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-09-06 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural mechanization has often been characterized by scale-effects and increased specialization. Such characterizations, however, fail to explain how mechanization may grow in Africa where production environments are more heterogeneous and diversification of production may help in mitigating risks from increasingly uncertain climatic conditions. Using panel data from farm households and crop-specific production costs in Nigeria, we estimate how the adoption of animal traction or tractors affects the economies of scope (EOS) between rice, non-rice grains, legume/seed crops, and other crops, which are the crop groups that are most widely grown with animal traction or tractors in Nigeria. The results indicate that the adoption of these mechanization technologies is associated with lower EOS between non-rice grains, legume/seed crops, and other crops, but greater EOS between rice and other crops. An increase in EOS for rice is indicated in both primal and dual analytical approaches. Mechanical technologies may raise EOS between crops that are grown in more heterogeneous environments, even though it may lower EOS between crops that are grown in relatively similar environments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that shows the effects of mechanical technologies on EOS in agriculture in developing countries.
Author : Martin Reese Cooper
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Progress of Farm Mechanization written by Martin Reese Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : R. A. de Widt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (896 download)
Download or read book Farm Mechanization written by R. A. de Widt and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Chander Bhan
Publisher : Northern Book Centre
ISBN 13 : 9788185119243
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Farm Mechanisation and Social Change written by Chander Bhan and published by Northern Book Centre. This book was released on 1987 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the study of a cross-section of respondents covering tractor-owners, bullock-owners and non-owners of draft power, the book tries to show that as compared to other farming sections, mechanised farmers have greater use of green revolution as manifested in cropping pattern and intensity use of high yielding varieties, fertilizer consumption and farm yields and incomes. Suggests that technological advancement if promoted and supported vigorously is likely to eliminate or neutralize the hold of traditional institutional frame work and non-scientific beliefs in addition to promoting agricultural production and productivity and rural incomes and employment.
Author : Lyle P. Schertz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book The Role of Farm Mechanization in the Developing Countries written by Lyle P. Schertz and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vos, Rob
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Agricultural mechanisation and child labour in developing countries written by Vos, Rob and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child labour in agriculture remains a global concern. Agriculture is the sector where most child labour is found. Employment of children mostly relates to farm household poverty in developing countries. This raises the question of the extent to which the modernisation of agriculture prevents the use of child labour while also leading to higher productivity. One of the central questions in this context is whether agricultural mechanisation helps limit children’s employment. Available studies have put forward opposing hypotheses, but rigorous empirical evidence is scant. The present study aims to fill some of this void by studying the evidence from comparable farm household survey data in seven developing countries, including three in Asia (India, Nepal, and Vietnam) and four in sub-Saharan Africa (Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Tanzania). Various key findings emerge. First, many children are found to engage in productive activities in studied countries. The prevalence is particularly high in African countries, such as in Ethiopia where more than one third of children aged 5-14 years engage in farm or off-farm work. Second, while the prevalence of child labour in agriculture (i.e., when productive engagement is detrimental to schooling and child growth) is much lower (at 10% or less in seven countries), they are still sizable in absolute terms; at least 6 million children in these countries partake in agricultural work at the expense of opportunities in adulthood. Third, agricultural mechanization, reflected in farm household’s use of machinery such as tractors, significantly reduces the likelihood of use of children’s labour and increases school attendance. Fourth, the measured impacts of mechanization are only modest, however, and likely indirect, that is, dependent on the extent to which mechanization helps improve household income and on local conditions (such as quality of rural infrastructure and accessibility of education and other social services). Overall, promotion of agricultural mechanization can help prevent use of child labour. To be truly impactful, however, related support measures should be embedded in broader strategies to enable agricultural productivity growth and improve livelihoods of poor rural households.
Author : Jo Clare Schieffer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (383 download)
Download or read book The Social Implications of Agricultural Mechanization written by Jo Clare Schieffer and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kennedy, Adam
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Mechanization policy- Creating an enabling environment for private-sector investment written by Kennedy, Adam and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanization increases the power applied to agricultural operations and is one tool among many for improving farm productivity. It alone cannot drive the transformation of agriculture (Pingali 2007). Farmers will mechanize to lower costs and ensure timeliness of operations, allowing a greater area of land to be cultivated. The demand for mechanization is therefore determined by the stage of agricultural transformation reflecting the use of complementary inputs (improved seeds, fertilizer), the intensity of farming, land hold-ings, and rural labor supply. Countries across developing Asia have mechanized at different rates corresponding to their level of agricul-tural transformation but also strongly influenced by government policies. ReSAKSS-Asia organized a knowledge exchange event entitled “Agriculture and Rural Transformation in Asia: Past Experiences and Fu-ture Opportunities” to discuss, among many topics, insights into how agricultural mechanization has evolved in countries with different agroecological, institutional and political settings, and what common lessons can be learned for those countries at the early stage of mechanization. This brief summarizes some of the key lessons shared by participants.
Author : Michael J. Campbell
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 0415009111
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book New Technology and Rural Development written by Michael J. Campbell and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comparative study of the impact of increased modernization in the rural sector on seven important developing countries. This book should be of interest to students and lecturers in development studies.
Author : J. Patrick Madden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (494 download)
Download or read book Agricultural Mechanization and the Family Farm written by J. Patrick Madden and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
