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The Self Employed Are Less Likely To Have Health Insurance Than Wage Earners
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Book Synopsis The Self-employed are Less Likely to Have Health Insurance Than Wage-earners by : Craig William Perry
Download or read book The Self-employed are Less Likely to Have Health Insurance Than Wage-earners written by Craig William Perry and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: There is considerable public policy concern over the relatively low rates of health insurance coverage among the self-employed in the United States. Presumably, the reason for the concern is that their low rates of insurance lead to worse health outcomes. We use data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey conducted in 1996 to analyze how the self-employed and wage-earners differ with respect to insurance coverage and health status. Using a variety of ways to measure health status, we find that the relative lack of health insurance among the self-employed does not affect their health. For virtually every subjective and objective measure of health status, the self-employed and wage earners are statistically indistinguishable from each other. Further, we present some evidence that this phenomenon is not due to the fact that individuals who select into self-employment are healthier than wage-earners, ceteris paribus. Thus, the public policy concern with the relative lack of health insurance among the self-employed may be somewhat misplaced.
Book Synopsis Insurance and the Utilization of Medical Services Among the Self-employed by : Craig William Perry
Download or read book Insurance and the Utilization of Medical Services Among the Self-employed written by Craig William Perry and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been substantial public policy concern over the relatively low rates of health insurance coverage among the self-employed in the United States. We use data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey conducted in 1996 to analyze how the self-employed and wage-earners differ both with respect to insurance coverage and utilization of a variety of health care services. Our results suggest that for the self-employed, the link between insurance and utilization of health care services is not as strong as assumed in the policy debate. For a number of medical care services, the self-employed have the same rates of utilization as wage-earners, despite the fact that they are substantially less likely to be insured. And when the self-employed are less likely than wage-earners to utilize a particular medical service, the differences generally do not seem very large. The self-employed thus appear to be able to finance access to health care from sources other than insurance. Further, analysis of out-of-pocket expenditures on health care suggests that doing so does not lead to substantial reductions in their ability to consume other goods and services. Finally, there is no evidence that children of the self-employed have less access to health care than the children of wage-earners. Hence, the public policy concerns that the relative lack of health insurance among the self-employed substantially reduces utilization of health care services or creates economic hardship appear to be misplaced.
Book Synopsis The Self Employment are Less Likely to Have Health Insurance Then Wage Earners, So What? by :
Download or read book The Self Employment are Less Likely to Have Health Insurance Then Wage Earners, So What? written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis THE SELF-EMPLOYED ARE LESS LIKELY TO HAVE HEALTH INSURANCE THAN WAGE-EARNES. SO WHAT? by : Craig William PERRY
Download or read book THE SELF-EMPLOYED ARE LESS LIKELY TO HAVE HEALTH INSURANCE THAN WAGE-EARNES. SO WHAT? written by Craig William PERRY and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coverage Matters by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Coverage Matters written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-10-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roughly 40 million Americans have no health insurance, private or public, and the number has grown steadily over the past 25 years. Who are these children, women, and men, and why do they lack coverage for essential health care services? How does the system of insurance coverage in the U.S. operate, and where does it fail? The first of six Institute of Medicine reports that will examine in detail the consequences of having a large uninsured population, Coverage Matters: Insurance and Health Care, explores the myths and realities of who is uninsured, identifies social, economic, and policy factors that contribute to the situation, and describes the likelihood faced by members of various population groups of being uninsured. It serves as a guide to a broad range of issues related to the lack of insurance coverage in America and provides background data of use to policy makers and health services researchers.
Author :CPWR--The Center for Construction Research and Training Publisher :Cpwr - The Center for Construction Research and Training ISBN 13 : Total Pages :160 pages Book Rating :4.E/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis The Construction Chart Book by : CPWR--The Center for Construction Research and Training
Download or read book The Construction Chart Book written by CPWR--The Center for Construction Research and Training and published by Cpwr - The Center for Construction Research and Training. This book was released on 2008 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Construction Chart Book presents the most complete data available on all facets of the U.S. construction industry: economic, demographic, employment/income, education/training, and safety and health issues. The book presents this information in a series of 50 topics, each with a description of the subject matter and corresponding charts and graphs. The contents of The Construction Chart Book are relevant to owners, contractors, unions, workers, and other organizations affiliated with the construction industry, such as health providers and workers compensation insurance companies, as well as researchers, economists, trainers, safety and health professionals, and industry observers.
Book Synopsis Reinsuring Health by : Katherine Swartz
Download or read book Reinsuring Health written by Katherine Swartz and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2006-05-11 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's current system of health insurance, which relies almost exclusively on employer-sponsored coverage, is in danger of collapse, and this problem is not limited to the poor and working class. An increasing number of middle class Americans do not have employer-provided insurance and—due to skyrocketing premiums—cannot afford to purchase coverage for themselves. Reinsuring Health, by economist Katherine Swartz, examines this growing national crisis and outlines a concrete plan to make health insurance accessible and affordable for all Americans. Reinsuring Health documents why the number of uninsured Americans—now 45.5 million people—has grown in the last twenty-five years. Swartz focuses on how labor market changes—such as the decline of domestic manufacturing, decreased unionization, and the growth of non-standard work arrangements—have led U.S. employers to retreat from providing health insurance for their workers. These trends, combined with the increasing costs of medical care, have led to an explosion in health insurance premiums and a decline in coverage, particularly among the middle-class. Since those who seek insurance as individuals are generally most likely to need health care, private insurers charge higher premiums in the individual (non-group) markets than to people who obtain group insurance. This makes individual health insurance less attractive to the young and increasingly unaffordable for middle-class Americans. Similarly, insurers charge higher per person (or per family) premiums to small firms than to large companies, so many small firms do not sponsor coverage for their employees. Reinsuring Health shows how these problems can be overcome if the federal government provides a new reinsurance program which would protect insurance companies that provide small group and individual health insurance against the possibility that their policy-holders will incur very high medical expenses. By assuming some of the risk that people will face extremely costly medical bills, the government will make insurers less hesitant to offer coverage to high-risk individuals, and will help drive down premiums for others. Reinsuring Health demonstrates that this form of government reinsurance has worked in the past, helping to establish smooth running private markets for catastrophe insurance and secondary mortgages. Today, growing numbers of middle class Americans lack health insurance. Protection against the possibility of falling ill or getting hurt and having to pay extraordinary health care bills should not be a luxury available only to the very rich and the very poor. Reinsuring Health proposes a straightforward solution that would bring health insurance back within the reach of the increasing ranks of the uninsured, particularly those who are in the middle class.
Book Synopsis Care Without Coverage by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Care Without Coverage written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-06-20 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many Americans believe that people who lack health insurance somehow get the care they really need. Care Without Coverage examines the real consequences for adults who lack health insurance. The study presents findings in the areas of prevention and screening, cancer, chronic illness, hospital-based care, and general health status. The committee looked at the consequences of being uninsured for people suffering from cancer, diabetes, HIV infection and AIDS, heart and kidney disease, mental illness, traumatic injuries, and heart attacks. It focused on the roughly 30 million-one in seven-working-age Americans without health insurance. This group does not include the population over 65 that is covered by Medicare or the nearly 10 million children who are uninsured in this country. The main findings of the report are that working-age Americans without health insurance are more likely to receive too little medical care and receive it too late; be sicker and die sooner; and receive poorer care when they are in the hospital, even for acute situations like a motor vehicle crash.
Book Synopsis The Health Insurance Problem by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business
Download or read book The Health Insurance Problem written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Health Insurance Coverage for the Self Employed with No Employees by : Karen Allen
Download or read book Health Insurance Coverage for the Self Employed with No Employees written by Karen Allen and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :030946921X Total Pages :161 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Health-Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Health-Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-04-02 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide benefits based on disability: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. This report analyzes health care utilizations as they relate to impairment severity and SSA's definition of disability. Health Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination identifies types of utilizations that might be good proxies for "listing-level" severity; that is, what represents an impairment, or combination of impairments, that are severe enough to prevent a person from doing any gainful activity, regardless of age, education, or work experience.
Book Synopsis Insurance and the Utilization of Medical Services by : Jonathan Meer
Download or read book Insurance and the Utilization of Medical Services written by Jonathan Meer and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most data sets indicate a positive correlation between having health insurance and utilizing health care services. Yet the direction of causality is not at all clear. If we ob-serve a positive correlation between the utilization of health care services and insurance status, we do not know if this is because people who anticipate poor health buy more in-surance (or take jobs with generous medical coverage), or because insurance lowers the cost of health care, increasing the quantity demanded. While a few attempts have been made to implement an instrumental variables (IV) strategy to deal with endogeneity, the instruments chosen have not been entirely convinc-ing. In this paper we revisit the IV estimation of the reduced form relationships between insurance and health care utilization taking advantage of what we argue is a good instru-ment - the individual's self-employment status. Our main finding is that a positive and statistically significant effect of insurance continues to obtain even after instrumenting. Indeed, instrumental variables estimates of the impact of insurance on utilization of a variety of health care services are larger than their non-instrumented counterparts. The validity of this exercise depends on the extent to which self-employment status is a suitable instrument. To argue this case, we analyze panel data on transitions from wage-earning into self-employment and show that individuals who select into self-employment do not differ systematically from those who remain wage-earners with re-spect to either the utilization of health care or health status. While this finding does not prove that self-employment status is an appropriate instrument, it is encouraging that there appear to be no underlying differences that might lead to self-employment per se affecting health services utilization.
Book Synopsis Health Insurance and the Supply of Entrepreneurs by : Douglas Holtz-Eakin
Download or read book Health Insurance and the Supply of Entrepreneurs written by Douglas Holtz-Eakin and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some commentators have suggested that the absence of portable health insurance impedes people from leaving their jobs to start new firms. We investigate this belief by comparing wage-earners who become self-employed during a given period of time with their counterparts who do not. By examining the impact of variables relating to the health insurance and health status of these workers and their families, we can infer whether the lack of health insurance portability affects the probability that they become self-employed. The evidence does not support the conjecture that the current health insurance system affects the propensity to become self-employed. Hence, whatever its other merits, there is no reason to believe that the introduction of universal health insurance would significantly enhance entrepreneurial activity.
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Income and the Uninsured by : Paul Fronstin
Download or read book The Relationship Between Income and the Uninsured written by Paul Fronstin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between income and health insurance coverage is strong. In general, an individual's likelihood of having health insurance coverage increases with income. According to U.S. Census Bureau estimates of the March 1999 Current Population Survey (CPS), 25.2 percent of individuals in households with income of less than $25,000 were uninsured in 1998, compared with 8.3 percent of individuals in households with income of $75,000 or more. Unfortunately, this finding masks two important facts relating to the definition of "household composition" and "household income." First, in the CPS, a household may be comprised of unrelated individuals, such as college roommates, and each household may contain one or more families, including people who are unlikely to be covered by one another for health insurance. Using their total income, then, would inflate the amount of money available for each person to purchase health insurance. In light of this, family income would give a more precise estimate of income that a person has available for this purchase. Second, examination of household or family income ignores the fact that many families include more than one worker. Persons in a family with two workers each earning $38,000 may be less likely to be insured than a single person earning $75,000. This paper examines uninsured adults by income in greater detail than has been presented in the past and dispels the myth that all uninsured workers in families with $50,000 or more in income are truly high-income individuals. The PDF for the above title, published in the March 2000 issue of EBRI Notes, also contains the fulltext of another March 2000 EBRI Notes article abstracted on SSRN: "Health Insurance Coverage and the Near Elderly, 1998."
Book Synopsis Labor Market Responses to Rising Health Insurance Costs by : David M. Cutler
Download or read book Labor Market Responses to Rising Health Insurance Costs written by David M. Cutler and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increases in the cost of providing health insurance must have some effect on labor markets, either in lower wages, changes in the composition of employment, or both. Despite a presumption that most of this effect will be in the form of lower wages, we document in this paper a significant effect on work hours as well. Using data from the CPS and the SIPP, we show that rising health insurance costs over the 1980s increased the hours worked of those with health insurance by up to 3 percent. We argue that this occurs because health insurance is a fixed cost, and as it becomes more expensive to provide, firms face an incentive to substitute hours per worker for the number of workers employed.
Book Synopsis Self-employment in the Covered Work Force by : Marcia Levy
Download or read book Self-employment in the Covered Work Force written by Marcia Levy and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Employed Uninsured and the Role of Public Policy by :
Download or read book The Employed Uninsured and the Role of Public Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
