The Routledge International Handbook Of Gender Beliefs Stereotype Threat And Teacher Expectations

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The Routledge International Handbook of Gender Beliefs, Stereotype Threat, and Teacher Expectations

Author : Penelope W. St J. Watson
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003808131
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge International Handbook of Gender Beliefs, Stereotype Threat, and Teacher Expectations by : Penelope W. St J. Watson

Download or read book The Routledge International Handbook of Gender Beliefs, Stereotype Threat, and Teacher Expectations written by Penelope W. St J. Watson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-13 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge International Handbook of Gender Beliefs, Stereotype Threat, and Teacher Expectations presents, for the first time, the work of leading researchers exploring the synergies and interrelationships between these fields, and provides a catalytic platform for advancing theory, practice, policy and research from an integrated perspective. An understanding of how gender beliefs, stereotype threat, and teacher expectations interrelate is vital to creating safe, equitable, and encouraging learning spaces. The collection summarises how gender beliefs, stereotype threat, and teacher expectations act in association to influence gendered student achievement, engagement, and self-beliefs, and suggests ways toward rectifying their negative effects. The chapters are organised into four sections: Gender Beliefs, Identity, Stereotypes, and Student Futures Stereotype Threat Teacher Expectations Synergies and Solutions By examining synergies and solutions shared between the three fields, this book creates more meaningful, consistent, and permanent approaches to achieving gender identity safety, gendered scholastic equity, well-being, and positive futures for students. This comprehensive publication brings together cutting-edge research at the intersection of gender beliefs, stereotype threat, and teacher expectations. It is an essential reference for researchers and postgraduate students in education and gender studies as well as educational, social, and developmental psychology.

The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education

Author : Paul Downes
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040017088
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education by : Paul Downes

Download or read book The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education written by Paul Downes and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-05-13 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a cornerstone to the global debate on equity and inclusion within education, this handbook explores equity issues pertaining to poverty and social class, race, ethnicity, sociocultural, sociolinguistic exclusion in education and recognises intersectionality and gender across these dimensions. This carefully curated collection of essays written by international experts promotes inclusive systems in education that explicitly recognise the voices of learners who may be at risk of marginalisation, exclusion or underachievement. Developing a multilayered innovative conceptual framework involving spatial, emotional-relational and dialogical 'turns' for education, it emphasises key system points for reform, including building strategic bridges between health and education for vulnerable groups and shifts in focus for initial teacher education and the wider curriculum. The handbook is organised into the following key parts: Theoretical Frameworks Funding Models and Structures for Equity and Inclusive Systems Exclusion and Discrimination Bridging Health and Education Agency and Empowerment Outreach and Engagement The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education will be of great value to academics operating in the areas of education, psychology, sociology, social policy, ethnography, cultural studies; researchers in university research centres and in policy institutes pertaining to education, poverty, social inclusion as well as international organisations involved with inclusion in education.

The Routledge International Handbook of Life and Values Education in Asia

Author : John Chi-Kin Lee
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040041531
Total Pages : 788 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge International Handbook of Life and Values Education in Asia by : John Chi-Kin Lee

Download or read book The Routledge International Handbook of Life and Values Education in Asia written by John Chi-Kin Lee and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook provides a comprehensive look at the educational scope of life and values that characterize 21st-century Asia, as well as those values shared across cultures. Some values are deeply resonant with the region’s past while others reflect modernity and the new contexts in which Asian societies find themselves. Exploring these values of different types and the way they are constructed in Eastern and Western contexts, the contributors delve into the diversity of religious, moral and social education to promote greater understanding across cultures. While a range of values is identified here, there is no single set of values that can be applied to all people in all contexts. The time has long gone, even for single societies, when values can be imposed. Yet this Handbook emphasizes both the extent and importance of values to individuals and their societies—how they respond to these values may provide the key to better and more caring societies and to better lives for all. Academics and teachers will find this Handbook resourceful because it raises important theoretical issues related to social values and their formation in distinctive contexts and provides novel insights into the diverse educational landscape in Asia. Policymakers and educators will also find this text helpful in learning to think about new ways to improve the quality of people’s lives.

The Routledge International Handbook of Discrimination, Prejudice and Stereotyping

Author : Cristian Tileagă
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000418995
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge International Handbook of Discrimination, Prejudice and Stereotyping by : Cristian Tileagă

Download or read book The Routledge International Handbook of Discrimination, Prejudice and Stereotyping written by Cristian Tileagă and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-08-29 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook explores prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination primarily as phenomena embedded in the social organization of societies and connected to structural factors and larger societal systems. It offers a unique critical and cross-disciplinary approach to the study of contemporary manifestations of prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination. New socio-psychological analyses of the most pressing social problems of our age bring into view future directions of research on prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination oriented to social change and collective action and that engage with wider systems of norms and discourse. The editors draw on social psychology, sociology, social policy, clinical psychology, cultural studies and feminist, antiracist and decolonizing social science to show how social psychology can successfully rekindle its intellectual dialogue with kindred social science fields to create broader foundations for the exploration of the paradoxes lodged at the heart of the social expression of prejudice in liberal democracies. This is essential reading for anyone interested in prejudice, discrimination and stereotypes. The handbook will be of interest to academics and researchers exploring both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of discrimination, inequality and social exclusion, as well as students undertaking masters or doctoral studies in social psychology, political psychology and political science.

Gender Un/Bound

Author : Susanne Gannon
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040266738
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender Un/Bound by : Susanne Gannon

Download or read book Gender Un/Bound written by Susanne Gannon and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-12-11 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection is focused on the possibilities for unbinding people from gendered expectations in and around educational spaces, and accounts for the ways gender is reconstituted in and through education. This book presents a broad interpretation of gender, of what education might mean, and where educational experiences manifest. It explores more conventional schooling spaces to communally generated inclusive spaces, families and marginalised sites where gender is realised and contested. Alongside more familiar framings, the book incorporates decolonial and Indigenous contestations, theoretical innovations and methodological experiments that pry open the ways that gender binds and limits individuals. The chapters are organised in smaller conceptual clusters, offering multiple and overlapping reading paths according to the interests of the reader. A mapping of clusters and potential reading paths is included at the opening of the book, designed for instructors to expand course content. Written to enrich reading for preservice teacher education students and to challenge researchers, postgraduate and doctoral candidates, this book provides essential new perspectives on gender, education and the various ways in which they are un/bound together and apart.

Looking in Classrooms

Author : Thomas L. Good
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317238257
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Looking in Classrooms by : Thomas L. Good

Download or read book Looking in Classrooms written by Thomas L. Good and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looking in Classrooms uses educational, psychological, and social science theories and classroom-based research to teach future classroom teachers about the complexities and demands of classroom instruction. While maintaining the core approach of the first ten editions, the book has been thoroughly revised and updated with new research-based content on teacher evaluation, self-assessment, and decision-making; special emphases on teaching students from diverse ethnic, cultural, class, and gender-identity contexts; and rich suggestions for integrating technology into classroom instruction. Widely considered to be the most comprehensive and authoritative source available on effective, successful teaching, Looking in Classrooms synthesizes the knowledge base on student motivation, classroom management, teacher expectations, teacher effectiveness, adaptive instruction for individual learners, and informative observational techniques for enhancing teaching. It addresses key topics in classroom instruction in an accessible fashion, promoting easy intepretation and transfer to practice, and articulates the roles of teacher-centered pedagogy, student-centered instruction, and project-based learning in today‘s classroom. Guided by durable historical knowledge as well as dynamic, emerging conceptions of teaching, this text is ideal for undergraduate teacher training programs and for masters-level courses for teachers, administrators, and superintendents.

Identity Safe Classrooms

Author : Dorothy M. Steele
Publisher : Corwin Press
ISBN 13 : 1452230900
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Identity Safe Classrooms by : Dorothy M. Steele

Download or read book Identity Safe Classrooms written by Dorothy M. Steele and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practitioner-focused guide to creating identity-safe classrooms presents four categories of core instructional practices: Child-centered teaching ; Classroom relationships ; Caring environments ; Cultivating diversity. The book presents a set of strategies that can be implemented immediately by teachers. It includes a wealth of vignettes taken from identity-safe classrooms as well as reflective exercises that can be completed by individual teachers or teacher teams.

Gendered Paths into STEM. Disparities Between Females and Males in STEM Over the Life-Span

Author : Bernhard Ertl
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889634396
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Gendered Paths into STEM. Disparities Between Females and Males in STEM Over the Life-Span by : Bernhard Ertl

Download or read book Gendered Paths into STEM. Disparities Between Females and Males in STEM Over the Life-Span written by Bernhard Ertl and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-31 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Research on Schools, Schooling and Human Development

Author : Judith L. Meece
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135283877
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Schools, Schooling and Human Development by : Judith L. Meece

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Schools, Schooling and Human Development written by Judith L. Meece and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children spend more time in school than in any social institution outside the home. And schools probably exert more influence on children’s development and life chances than any environment beyond the home and neighbourhood. The purpose of this book is to document some important ways schools influence children’s development and to describe various models and methods for studying schooling effects. Key features include: Comprehensive Coverage – this is the first book to provide a comprehensive review of what is known about schools as a context for human development. Topical coverage ranges from theoretical foundations to investigative methodologies and from classroom-level influences such as teacher-student relations to broader influences such as school organization and educational policies. Cross-Disciplinary – this volume brings together the divergent perspectives, methods and findings of scholars from a variety of disciplines, among them educational psychology, developmental psychology, school psychology, social psychology, psychiatry, sociology, and educational policy. Chapter Structure – to ensure continuity, chapter authors describe 1) how schooling influences are conceptualized 2) identify their theoretical and methodological approaches 3) discuss the strengths and weaknesses of existing research and 4) highlight implications for future research, practice, and policy. Methodologies – chapters included in the text feature various methodologies including longitudinal studies, hierarchical linear models, experimental and quasi-experimental designs, and mixed methods.

Routledge International Handbook of Social Psychology of the Classroom

Author : Christine M. Rubie-Davies
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317508459
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge International Handbook of Social Psychology of the Classroom by : Christine M. Rubie-Davies

Download or read book Routledge International Handbook of Social Psychology of the Classroom written by Christine M. Rubie-Davies and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge International Handbook of Social Psychology of the Classroom presents the first comprehensive and integrated compilation of theory and research on topics related to the social cohesion of the classroom. Many of these topics have been studied independently; for example, motivation, self-concept, class management, class climate, and teacher expectations are generally studied separately by different groups of researchers. This handbook brings the evidence from different fields in social psychological classroom research together in one place for the first time to explore how these topics relate and how each factor influences students and their learning. With chapters by established international leaders in their fields, as well as emerging new talent, this handbook offers cutting edge research and surveys the state of the art in the social psychology of the classroom. Major areas covered include: Motivation Belief, self-concept, and personality Emotional engagement Teacher–student relationships Teacher expectation Classroom management Culture and identity The Routledge International Handbook of Social Psychology of the Classroom provides a review of current theories related to the social psychology of the classroom, including how these theories apply to classrooms and learners. Current evidence clearly shows that areas explored by social psychology – and brought together for the first time in this volume – can have a very significant impact on classroom learning and student achievement (J. Hattie, Visible Learning: A Synthesis of over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement, Routledge 2009). This handbook is a must for all academics whose research relates to the social psychology of the classroom. It is also an invaluable resource for teachers and teacher education students who want to understand why they are effective instructors and yet still encounter students in their classes who are not responding as expected.

Cracking the code

Author : UNESCO
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9231002333
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Cracking the code by : UNESCO

Download or read book Cracking the code written by UNESCO and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report aims to 'crack the code' by deciphering the factors that hinder and facilitate girls' and women's participation, achievement and continuation in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education and, in particular, what the education sector can do to promote girls' and women's interest in and engagement with STEM education and ultimately STEM careers.

The Routledge Handbook of Language Learning and Teaching Beyond the Classroom

Author : Hayo Reinders
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000574636
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Language Learning and Teaching Beyond the Classroom by : Hayo Reinders

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Language Learning and Teaching Beyond the Classroom written by Hayo Reinders and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informal language learning beyond the classroom plays an important and growing role in language learning and teaching. This Handbook brings together the existing body of research and unites the various disciplines that have explored this area, in order to present the current state of knowledge in one accessible resource. Much of adult learning takes place outside of formal education and for language learning, it is likely that out-of-class experiences play an equally important role. It is therefore surprising that the role of informal language learning has received little attention over the years, with the vast majority of research instead focusing on the classroom. Researchers from a range of backgrounds, however, have started to realise the important contribution of informal language learning, both in its own right, and in its relationship with classroom learning. Studies in the areas of learner autonomy, learning strategies, study abroad, language support, learners’ voices, computer-mediated communication, mobile-assisted language learning, digital gaming, and many others, all add to our understanding of the complex and intersecting ways in which learners construct their own language learning experiences, drawing from a wide range of resources, including materials, teachers, self-study, technology, other learners and native speakers. This Handbook provides a sound and comprehensive basis for researchers and graduate students to build upon in their own research of language learning and teaching beyond the classroom.

How Learning Works

Author : Susan A. Ambrose
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470617608
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis How Learning Works by : Susan A. Ambrose

Download or read book How Learning Works written by Susan A. Ambrose and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-16 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for How Learning Works "How Learning Works is the perfect title for this excellent book. Drawing upon new research in psychology, education, and cognitive science, the authors have demystified a complex topic into clear explanations of seven powerful learning principles. Full of great ideas and practical suggestions, all based on solid research evidence, this book is essential reading for instructors at all levels who wish to improve their students' learning." —Barbara Gross Davis, assistant vice chancellor for educational development, University of California, Berkeley, and author, Tools for Teaching "This book is a must-read for every instructor, new or experienced. Although I have been teaching for almost thirty years, as I read this book I found myself resonating with many of its ideas, and I discovered new ways of thinking about teaching." —Eugenia T. Paulus, professor of chemistry, North Hennepin Community College, and 2008 U.S. Community Colleges Professor of the Year from The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the Council for Advancement and Support of Education "Thank you Carnegie Mellon for making accessible what has previously been inaccessible to those of us who are not learning scientists. Your focus on the essence of learning combined with concrete examples of the daily challenges of teaching and clear tactical strategies for faculty to consider is a welcome work. I will recommend this book to all my colleagues." —Catherine M. Casserly, senior partner, The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching "As you read about each of the seven basic learning principles in this book, you will find advice that is grounded in learning theory, based on research evidence, relevant to college teaching, and easy to understand. The authors have extensive knowledge and experience in applying the science of learning to college teaching, and they graciously share it with you in this organized and readable book." —From the Foreword by Richard E. Mayer, professor of psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara; coauthor, e-Learning and the Science of Instruction; and author, Multimedia Learning

Handbook of the Sociology of Gender

Author : Janet Saltzman Chafetz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387362185
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of the Sociology of Gender by : Janet Saltzman Chafetz

Download or read book Handbook of the Sociology of Gender written by Janet Saltzman Chafetz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past three decades, feminist scholars have successfully demonstrated the ubiq uity and omnirelevance of gender as a sociocultural construction in virtually all human collectivities, past and present. Intrapsychic, interactional, and collective social processes are gendered, as are micro, meso, and macro social structures. Gender shapes, and is shaped, in all arenas of social life, from the most mundane practices of everyday life to those of the most powerful corporate actors. Contemporary understandings of gender emanate from a large community of primarily feminist scholars that spans the gamut of learned disciplines and also includes non-academic activist thinkers. However, while in corporating some cross-disciplinary material, this volume focuses specifically on socio logical theories and research concerning gender, which are discussed across the full array of social processes, structures, and institutions. As editor, I have explicitly tried to shape the contributions to this volume along several lines that reflect my long-standing views about sociology in general, and gender sociology in particular. First, I asked authors to include cross-national and historical material as much as possible. This request reflects my belief that understanding and evaluating the here-and-now and working realistically for a better future can only be accomplished from a comparative perspective. Too often, American sociology has been both tempero- and ethnocentric. Second, I have asked authors to be sensitive to within-gender differences along class, racial/ethnic, sexual preference, and age cohort lines.

Handbook of Research on Student Engagement

Author : Sandra L. Christenson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461420172
Total Pages : 839 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Student Engagement by : Sandra L. Christenson

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Student Engagement written by Sandra L. Christenson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than two decades, the concept of student engagement has grown from simple attention in class to a construct comprised of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components that embody and further develop motivation for learning. Similarly, the goals of student engagement have evolved from dropout prevention to improved outcomes for lifelong learning. This robust expansion has led to numerous lines of research across disciplines and are brought together clearly and comprehensively in the Handbook of Research on Student Engagement. The Handbook guides readers through the field’s rich history, sorts out its component constructs, and identifies knowledge gaps to be filled by future research. Grounding data in real-world learning situations, contributors analyze indicators and facilitators of student engagement, link engagement to motivation, and gauge the impact of family, peers, and teachers on engagement in elementary and secondary grades. Findings on the effectiveness of classroom interventions are discussed in detail. And because assessing engagement is still a relatively new endeavor, chapters on measurement methods and issues round out this important resource. Topical areas addressed in the Handbook include: Engagement across developmental stages. Self-efficacy in the engaged learner. Parental and social influences on engagement and achievement motivation. The engaging nature of teaching for competency development. The relationship between engagement and high-risk behavior in adolescents. Comparing methods for measuring student engagement. An essential guide to the expanding knowledge base, the Handbook of Research on Student Engagement serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students in such varied fields as clinical child and school psychology, educational psychology, public health, teaching and teacher education, social work, and educational policy.

Manual for Developing Intercultural Competencies (Open Access)

Author : Darla K. Deardorff
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429534817
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Manual for Developing Intercultural Competencies (Open Access) by : Darla K. Deardorff

Download or read book Manual for Developing Intercultural Competencies (Open Access) written by Darla K. Deardorff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a structured yet flexible methodology for developing intercultural competence in a variety of contexts, both formal and informal. Piloted around the world by UNESCO, this methodology has proven to be effective in a range of different contexts and focused on a variety of different issues. It, therefore can be considered an important resource for anyone concerned with effectively managing the growing cultural diversity within our societies to ensure inclusive and sustainable development. Intercultural competence refers to the skills, attitudes, and behaviours needed to improve interactions across difference, whether within a society (differences due to age, gender, religion, socio-economic status, political affiliation, ethnicity, and so on) or across borders. The book serves as a tool to develop those competences, presenting an innovative adaptation of what could be considered an ancient tradition of storytelling found in many cultures. Through engaging in the methodology, participants develop key elements of intercultural competence, including greater self-awareness, openness, respect, reflexivity, empathy, increased awareness of others, and in the end, greater cultural humility. This book will be of great interest to intercultural trainers, policy makers, development practitioners, educators, community organizers, civil society leaders, university lecturers and students – all who are interested in developing intercultural competence as a means to understand and appreciate difference, develop relationships with those across difference, engage in intercultural dialogue, and bridge societal divides.

Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities

Author : Andrew J. Fuligni
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610442334
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities by : Andrew J. Fuligni

Download or read book Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities written by Andrew J. Fuligni and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2007-05-31 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of legal segregation in schools, most research on educational inequality has focused on economic and other structural obstacles to the academic achievement of disadvantaged groups. But in Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities, a distinguished group of psychologists and social scientists argue that stereotypes about the academic potential of some minority groups remain a significant barrier to their achievement. This groundbreaking volume examines how low institutional and cultural expectations of minorities hinder their academic success, how these stereotypes are perpetuated, and the ways that minority students attempt to empower themselves by redefining their identities. The contributors to Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities explore issues of ethnic identity and educational inequality from a broad range of disciplinary perspectives, drawing on historical analyses, social-psychological experiments, interviews, and observation. Meagan Patterson and Rebecca Bigler show that when teachers label or segregate students according to social categories (even in subtle ways), students are more likely to rank and stereotype one another, so educators must pay attention to the implicit or unintentional ways that they emphasize group differences. Many of the contributors contest John Ogbu's theory that African Americans have developed an "oppositional culture" that devalues academic effort as a form of "acting white." Daphna Oyserman and Daniel Brickman, in their study of black and Latino youth, find evidence that strong identification with their ethnic group is actually associated with higher academic motivation among minority youth. Yet, as Julie Garcia and Jennifer Crocker find in a study of African-American female college students, the desire to disprove negative stereotypes about race and gender can lead to anxiety, low self-esteem, and excessive, self-defeating levels of effort, which impede learning and academic success. The authors call for educational institutions to diffuse these threats to minority students' identities by emphasizing that intelligence is a malleable rather than a fixed trait. Contesting Stereotypes and Creating Identities reveals the many hidden ways that educational opportunities are denied to some social groups. At the same time, this probing and wide-ranging anthology provides a fresh perspective on the creative ways that these groups challenge stereotypes and attempt to participate fully in the educational system.