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The Role Of Auxiliary Transcription Factors In The Regulation Of Gene Expression During Sporulation In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
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Book Synopsis The Role of Auxiliary Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Gene Expression During Sporulation in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Megan Denise Lenardon
Download or read book The Role of Auxiliary Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Gene Expression During Sporulation in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Megan Denise Lenardon and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transcriptional Regulation of Meiosis and Spore Morphogenesis in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Shelley Chu
Download or read book Transcriptional Regulation of Meiosis and Spore Morphogenesis in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Shelley Chu and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Transcriptional Control in Phosphate-responsive Signaling Pathway of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Xu Zhou
Download or read book Mechanisms of Transcriptional Control in Phosphate-responsive Signaling Pathway of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Xu Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulation of gene expression is essential for many biological processes. Binding of transcription factors to DNA is a key regulatory step in the control of gene expression. It is commonly observed that DNA sequences with high affinity for transcription factors occur more frequently in the genome than the instances of genes bound or regulated by these factors. However, the mechanism by which transcription factors selectively identify and regulate these genes was unclear. I utilized the transcriptional control of the phosphate-responsive signaling pathway (PHO) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system to address this problem.
Book Synopsis Regulation of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by the Transcription Factors Upc2p and Ecm22p by : Brandon Scott Joseph Davies
Download or read book Regulation of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by the Transcription Factors Upc2p and Ecm22p written by Brandon Scott Joseph Davies and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Regulation of Stress Induced Gene Expression in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Vasudha Bharatula
Download or read book Regulation of Stress Induced Gene Expression in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Vasudha Bharatula and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcription initiation is complex process involving transcription factors(TF), co-activators, nucleosome remodelers and the pre-initiation complex (PIC);general transcription factors (GTF) and RNA polymerase II (RNAP2). The spatiotemporalorganization of these different proteins and their role in regulatingplasticity and selectivity of transcriptional reprogramming in various stressesremains unknown. I describe the role of Multicopy Suppressor of Snf1 mutation(Msn2); a stress responsive transcription factor, Mediator (coactivator) andnucleosome remodeling in fine-tuning gene expression in response to stress inyeast.Msn2 exhibits distinct patterns of nucleo-cytoplasmic oscillations indifferent stresses. I determined that Msn2 target genes exhibited fast or slowinduction kinetics in response to transient and persistent Msn2 nuclearoccupancy respectively. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies revealed thatMsn2 binds promoters of common stress genes as well as condition specificgenes in nutrient and oxidative stresses, suggesting that TF dynamics could playa role in selective gene regulation in different stresses. Additionally, Msn2binding to ~30 oxidative genes was dependent on Yap1. However, deleting Msn2did not lead to a significant decrease in expression of oxidative stress responsegenes as did the absence of Yap1. These results suggest that indirectcooperativity between Msn2 and Yap1 could lead to selective promoter bindingbut the effects of such interactions on gene expression remain unclear.I studied the role of Mediator in native conditions, where its function has not been adequately addressed. Mediator occupies chromosomal interacting domains (CID), which mark boundaries between interacting genomic regions, suggesting that Mediator could play a significant role in higher-order genome organization along with functioning as a coactivator.Finally, I assessed the combined effect of Msn2, Mediator and nucleosome remodeling on gene expression upon nutrient deprivation. Both Msn2 and Mediator are selectively recruited to promoters of genes activated and repressed in nutrient stress. Genes activated by Msn2 exhibited rapid loss of nucleosomes, in an Msn2 dependent manner. In contrast, repression of genes was not accompanied by a significant gain in nucleosomes, suggesting additional mechanisms of repression could exist. The absence of Msn2, significantly decreased Mediator recruitment at promoters of target genes, indicating that Mediator- TF interactions are crucial for gene expression changes in stress. Interestingly, both RNAP2 and Mediator remained poised at promoters of repressed genes, possibly to re-initiate transcription once the stress has passed.These findings offer novel insights on how Msn2 regulates expression of specific genes depending on the environment by modulating its dynamics and genomic binding. The binding of Msn2 helps recruit Mediator and facilitate nucleosome loss at genes induced in stress. Whereas, repressed genes seems to possess Mediator and RNAP2 in an inactive form which could be the mechanism of repression and a way to activate these genes immediate after stress.
Book Synopsis Regulation of Yeast Transcription Factors Sko1 and Cst6 by Sumoylation by : Veroni Saratha Sri Theivakadadcham
Download or read book Regulation of Yeast Transcription Factors Sko1 and Cst6 by Sumoylation written by Veroni Saratha Sri Theivakadadcham and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sumoylation is a post-translational modification that plays an essential role in cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation. Transcription factors represent one of the largest groups of proteins that are modified by the SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier) protein. In this study, we focused on finding roles for sumoylation in regulating two gene-specific bZIP transcription factors, Sko1 and Cst6, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sko1 plays a unique bifunctional role in regulating transcription: it is a repressor during normal growth, by interacting with co-repressor complexes, and an activator during osmotic stress, via interaction with Hog1 Kinase. We show that Sko1 is poly-sumoylated at Lys 567 but its sumoylation is not regulated by stress. Along with sumoylation, Sko1 also undergoes phosphorylation, by PKA and Hog1, and our experiments show that these two modifications are not interdependent. We find that DNA binding is a requirement for Sko1 sumoylation and genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) analysis shows that Sko1 sumoylation controls the occupancy level of Sko1 on target promoters and is involved in preventing Sko1 from binding to non-target promoters. Moreover, blocking sumoylation attenuated the interaction between Sko1 and Hog1 on target promoters. Cst6, on the other hand, is required for survival during ethanol stress and has roles in the utilization of carbon sources other than glucose. In this study, we show that Cst6 is multi-sumoylated at Lys residues 139, 461 and 547. The level of Cst6 sumoylation increases in ethanol and oxidative stress conditions, but decreases if ethanol is used as the sole carbon source. Unlike Sko1, protein levels of SUMO-deficient Cst6 were moderately reduced compared to the wild-type form, implying that sumoylation promotes Cst6 stability. ChIP experiments suggests that sumoylation is important for the timely recruitment of Cst6 to its target promoters. In addition, we provide evidence that Cst6 sumoylation reduces the expression of some target genes, during non-stress and ethanol stress conditions. Taken together, our studies suggest that the specific effects of sumoylation in regulating transcription factors are target specific. Nevertheless, SUMO plays a general role by controlling the transcription factor-DNA interaction to maintain proper gene expression.
Book Synopsis Bacterial Transcription Factors and the Cell Cycle, 2nd edition by : Morigen Morigen
Download or read book Bacterial Transcription Factors and the Cell Cycle, 2nd edition written by Morigen Morigen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-10 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analogous to the eukaryotic G1, S and M phase of the cell cycle, the bacterial cell cycle can be classified into independent stages. Slowly growing bacterial cells undergo three different stages, B-, C- and D-phase, respectively, while the cell cycle of fast-growing bacteria involves at least two independent cycles: the chromosome replication and the cell division. The oscillation in gene expression regulated by transcription factors, and proteolysis mediated by ClpXP, are closely correlated with progression of the cell cycle. Indeed, it has been shown that DnaA couples DNA replication initiation with the expression of the two oscillating regulators GcrA and CtrA, and the DnaA/GcrA/CtrA regulatory cascade drives the forward progression of the Caulobacter cell cycle. Furthermore, it has been found that: the DnaA oscillation in Eschericha coli and Caulobacter crescentus plays an important role in the cell cycle coordination; RpoS in Coxiella regulates the gene expression involved in the developmental cycle; the SigB and SinR transcription factors control whether cells remain in or leave a biofilm responding to metabolic conditions in Bacillus subtilis; similarly, BolA in most Gram-negative bacteria turns off motility and turns on biofilm development as a transcription factor; CtrA regulates cell division and outer membrane composition of the pathogen Brucella abortus; an essential transcription factor SciP enhances robustness of Caulobacter cell cycle regulation. Interestingly, transcription factors mediated metabolism fluctuations are also related to progression of the cell cycle. It has been shown that: CggR and Cra factors are involved in the flux-signaling metabolite fructose-1,6-bisphosphate; IclR mediates para-hydroxybenzoate catabolism in Streptomyces coelicolor; CceR and AkgR regulate central carbon and energy metabolism in alphaproteobacteria; and these metabolism changes affect cell growth. In line with the argument, AspC-mediated aspartate metabolism coordinates the E. coli cell cycle. However, the molecular mechanisms of maintaining the proper cell cycle progression through coordination of transcription factors mediated gene transcription oscillation, cellular metabolism with the cell cycle are not yet well-established. This Research Topic is intended to cover the spectrum of cell cycle regulatory mechanisms, in particular the coordination of transcription factor mediated gene transcription oscillations, and the cellular metabolisms associated with the cell cycle. We welcome all types of articles including Original Research, Review, and Mini Review. The subject areas of interest include but are not limited to: 1. Cell cycle coordination through gene expression and expression oscillation mediated by transcription factors. 2. Regulation of the cell cycle by proteolysis oscillation. 3. Coordination of the cell cycle with metabolism fluctuation. 4. DNA methylation fluctuation and the cell cycle. 5. Novel transcription factors and gene expression patterns associated with the cell cycle.
Book Synopsis Distinct Binding Sites and Signaling Pathways Regulate the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Heat Shock Transcription Factor by : Nicholas Santoro
Download or read book Distinct Binding Sites and Signaling Pathways Regulate the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Heat Shock Transcription Factor written by Nicholas Santoro and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Regulation of Gene Expression in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Thomas William Engar
Download or read book Regulation of Gene Expression in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Thomas William Engar and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plant-derived Transcription Factors and Their Application for Synthetic Biology Approaches in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Gita Naseri
Download or read book Plant-derived Transcription Factors and Their Application for Synthetic Biology Approaches in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Gita Naseri and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant-derived Transcription Factors for Orthologous Regulation of Gene Expression in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Control of gene expression by transcription factors (TFs) is central in many synthetic biology projects where tailored expression of one or multiple genes is often needed. As TFs from evolutionary distant organisms are unlikely to affect gene expression in a host of choice, they represent excellent candidates for establishing orthogonal control systems. To establish orthogonal regulators for use in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), we chose TFs from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. ...
Book Synopsis Biochemical and Genetic Characterization of the Transcription Elongation Factor TFIIS from the Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Karen Renee Christie
Download or read book Biochemical and Genetic Characterization of the Transcription Elongation Factor TFIIS from the Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Karen Renee Christie and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulation of the process of transcriptional elongation is an important control mechanism in the expression of some genes. To fully understand this form of regulation will require better understanding of the functions of transcription elongation factors. The goal of this work was to characterize the transcription elongation factor TFIIS from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, originally called P37. I demonstrated that, like the mammalian TFIIS proteins, the yeast protein stimulates RNA polymerase II to cleave the nascent RNA transcript and to read-through an intrinsic block to elongation. Investigation of the protein-protein contacts between TFIIS and RNA polymerase II indicated that the carboxyl-terminal domain of the largest subunit, subunit four, and subunit seven of the polymerase are not required for TFIIS to promote cleavage and read-through by the polymerase. In addition the carboxyl-terminal half of the yeast TFIIS protein is sufficient for both of these in vitro activities. This result is consistent with the previous results demonstrating the carboxyl-terminus of mouse TFIIS was sufficient to activate RNA polymerase in vitro.
Book Synopsis Transcriptional Regulation of SPR3 by : Nesrin Ozsarac
Download or read book Transcriptional Regulation of SPR3 written by Nesrin Ozsarac and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Calcineurin Regulates the CRZ1 Transcription Factor to Control Gene Expression in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Angelike M. Stathopoulos
Download or read book Calcineurin Regulates the CRZ1 Transcription Factor to Control Gene Expression in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Angelike M. Stathopoulos and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterisation and Transcriptional Regulation of the Gene SPS19 Encoding the Peroxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA Reductase of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, and the Fate and Role of Peroxisomes During Yeast Sporulation by : Aner Gurvitz
Download or read book Characterisation and Transcriptional Regulation of the Gene SPS19 Encoding the Peroxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA Reductase of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, and the Fate and Role of Peroxisomes During Yeast Sporulation written by Aner Gurvitz and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Demystifying the Role of the Cap Binding Complex (CBC) Within the Gene Expression Network in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Julia McBride Claggett
Download or read book Demystifying the Role of the Cap Binding Complex (CBC) Within the Gene Expression Network in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Julia McBride Claggett and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The highly conserved Cap Binding Complex (CBC) is comprised of two subunits, Cbp20 and Cbp80, and binds to the 5' end of pre-mRNA as it emerges from the transcribing RNA polymerase (Pol II). Evidence suggesting a role for the CBC in multiple reactions during gene expression, including transcription, splicing, 3' end processing, and RNA export, prompted us to hypothesize that the CBC is involved in coupling these reactions, and that this coordinated regulation facilitates the ability of a cell to respond to stress. The research presented in this dissertation specifically dissects the roles of the CBC in splicing and in transcription and provides insight into a mechanism by which the CBC might contribute to the coupling of these two reactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have demonstrated that the CBC is specifically required for the splicing of two intron-containing genes with a particular non-consensus 5' splice site, SUS1 and GCR1. Through its effects on splicing, we found that the CBC contributes to the regulation of a histone modification and the acitivity of a key glycolytic transcription factor, resulting in genome-wide changes to gene expression when the CBC is deleted. We discovered that the CBC is down-regulated at multiple levels in response to nutrient stress, suggesting that the coordinated activities of the CBC are particularly important under these conditions. One of these levels of regulation appears to be proteolysis by the proteasome. Furthermore, a role for the CBC in repressing expression of Rpn4, a critical regulator of proteasome levels, suggests that the CBC is involved in a feedback loop in which its targeting to the proteasome is determined by its ability to influence gene expression. Directed mutagenesis of evolutionarily-conserved domains of Cbp80 allowed us to uncouple the functions of the CBC in gene expression revealing a role for the CBC in transcription that is independent of its ability to act in splicing. In sum, the findings presented here demystify the role of the CBC in gene expression by enhancing our understanding of the CBC's role in splicing, demonstrating novel functions for the CBC in transcription, identifying multiple mechanisms by which the CBC is regulated, and illustrating a requirement for the CBC in the cellular stress response.
Book Synopsis Combinatorial Regulation of HO Transcription in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Ramon Kenneth Tabtiang
Download or read book Combinatorial Regulation of HO Transcription in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Ramon Kenneth Tabtiang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantitative Modeling of Gene Expression Regulation by RNA-binding Proteins and Transcription Factors in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Barrett C. Foat
Download or read book Quantitative Modeling of Gene Expression Regulation by RNA-binding Proteins and Transcription Factors in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Barrett C. Foat and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulation of gene expression is one of the means by which cells modulate their behavior. Moreover, the steady-state concentration of an mRNA transcript is the result of both the rate of transcription and the rate of mRNA decay. Cells regulate transcription and mRNA decay via nucleic acid binding proteins that physically interact with their DNA or RNA targets. Genome-scale technologies such as mRNA expression microarrays and chromatin immunoprecipitation microarrays generate data that reflect the activities of these transcription and decay factors. By interpreting these genomics data through statistical-mechanical models for regulator-nucleic acid interactions, we can discover binding sites for known and unknown regulators and characterize both their sequence-specific binding affinities and their condition-specific regulatory activities. This process is embodied in an algorithm I developed called MatrixREDUCE.
