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The Relationship Between Firm Size And The Health Care Cost Of Workers
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Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Firm Size and the Health Care Cost of Workers by : Association of Private Pension and Welfare Plans
Download or read book The Relationship Between Firm Size and the Health Care Cost of Workers written by Association of Private Pension and Welfare Plans and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Action Center for Quality Health Care (Association of Private Pension and Welfare Plans) Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :22 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (34 download)
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Firm Size and the Health Care Cost of Workers by : Action Center for Quality Health Care (Association of Private Pension and Welfare Plans)
Download or read book The Relationship Between Firm Size and the Health Care Cost of Workers written by Action Center for Quality Health Care (Association of Private Pension and Welfare Plans) and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rising Health Insurance Costs, Declining Benefits, and Metro-nonmetro and Firm Size Compensation Gaps by : Anna Kincaid Stende
Download or read book Rising Health Insurance Costs, Declining Benefits, and Metro-nonmetro and Firm Size Compensation Gaps written by Anna Kincaid Stende and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzes the impact of rising health insurance costs and changing tax rates on wages and health insurance benefits. The study also investigates the underlying reasons for large metro-nonmetro and firm size gaps in wages and health insurance benefits. The cost of firm-provided health insurance net of inflation rose 104% from 1987 to 2002. This trend should increase the likelihood that firms will reduce their contribution to health insurance benefits or drop them altogether. Over that same period, significant variation in the average marginal tax rate occurred in a number of states. Higher tax rates should raise the cost of compensation in the form of wages relative to benefits because benefits typically are untaxed. Consistent with these two hypotheses, empirical results show that both insurance costs and taxes have a significant impact on health insurance benefits and wages. The combined effects of the changes in health insurance costs and taxes was a 4.6% reduction in the probability of firm-provided health insurance coverage, an 18.2% reduction in average employer contributions to health insurance, and a 17.9% increase in wages as employers shifted compensation from providing benefits to wages. Workers residing in nonmetro areas have less generous health insurance benefits and receive lower wages than workers residing in metro areas. Similarly, individuals working for smaller firms have less generous benefits and wages than individuals working for larger firms. Although health insurance costs and taxes have significant effects on benefits and wages, they explain little of the metro-nonmetro and firm size gaps. Consequently, equalizing health insurance premiums will have very little impact on the proportion of workers covered by employer-provided health insurance in small firms or in nonmetro areas. Differences in the education level of workers explain the largest portion of both the metro-nonmetro and firm size compensation gaps. The higher incidence of nonmetro residents employed by the smallest firms also explains a large portion of the metro-nonmetro gap. Other variables explaining the firm size gap include the lower incidence of workers employed full-time in small firms and local labor market conditions.
Book Synopsis For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-01-01 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[This book is] the most authoritative assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of recent trends toward the commercialization of health care," says Robert Pear of The New York Times. This major study by the Institute of Medicine examines virtually all aspects of for-profit health care in the United States, including the quality and availability of health care, the cost of medical care, access to financial capital, implications for education and research, and the fiduciary role of the physician. In addition to the report, the book contains 15 papers by experts in the field of for-profit health care covering a broad range of topicsâ€"from trends in the growth of major investor-owned hospital companies to the ethical issues in for-profit health care. "The report makes a lasting contribution to the health policy literature." â€"Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law.
Book Synopsis The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-02-01 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.
Download or read book Making It Big written by Andrea Ciani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries. Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top†? of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants. This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.
Book Synopsis Coverage Matters by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Coverage Matters written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-10-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roughly 40 million Americans have no health insurance, private or public, and the number has grown steadily over the past 25 years. Who are these children, women, and men, and why do they lack coverage for essential health care services? How does the system of insurance coverage in the U.S. operate, and where does it fail? The first of six Institute of Medicine reports that will examine in detail the consequences of having a large uninsured population, Coverage Matters: Insurance and Health Care, explores the myths and realities of who is uninsured, identifies social, economic, and policy factors that contribute to the situation, and describes the likelihood faced by members of various population groups of being uninsured. It serves as a guide to a broad range of issues related to the lack of insurance coverage in America and provides background data of use to policy makers and health services researchers.
Download or read book Rising Health Care Costs written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis To Examine the Cost and Availability of Health Care Benefits for Small Businesses and Proposals for Federally Mandated Health Benefits by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Small Business
Download or read book To Examine the Cost and Availability of Health Care Benefits for Small Businesses and Proposals for Federally Mandated Health Benefits written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Small Business and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Frontiers in Health Policy Research by : David M. Cutler
Download or read book Frontiers in Health Policy Research written by David M. Cutler and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading economists discuss current health policy challenges, including prescription drugs benefits as a component of Medicare and conversion to for-profit health plans.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Book Synopsis Size Matters by : Jill Mathews Yegain
Download or read book Size Matters written by Jill Mathews Yegain and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this volume responds to a large and growing interest among health policy and research circles on the use of purchasing alliances to leverage change in health care. This book gives detailed and useful specifics on how a leading alliance has fared in California, the most competitive health care market in the United States. Although it is generally accepted that large organizations are more effective purchasers of health insurance, little work has been done to carefully examine the reasons that underlie that phenomenon. Yet, creating interventions and designing potential solutions requires a thorough understanding of the issues. The econometric analysis adds to the limited literature on the influence of premium on choice behaviour for employees of small firms, and introduces an analysis of choice behaviour in a purchasing cooperative setting. The political section of this book presents a much more detailed historical account and analysis of California’s small group market reforms, the most significant health-related legislation in the state in the prior decade, than has been previously available. The conclusions are becoming particularly relevant, both in California and elsewhere, as the issues of reform of the individual market for health insurance comes to the forefront.
Book Synopsis Health Care Reform by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Health Care Reform written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis What Unions No Longer Do by : Jake Rosenfeld
Download or read book What Unions No Longer Do written by Jake Rosenfeld and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From workers' wages to presidential elections, labor unions once exerted tremendous clout in American life. In the immediate post-World War II era, one in three workers belonged to a union. The fraction now is close to one in five, and just one in ten in the private sector. The only thing big about Big Labor today is the scope of its problems. While many studies have explained the causes of this decline, What Unions No Longer Do shows the broad repercussions of labor's collapse for the American economy and polity. Organized labor was not just a minor player during the middle decades of the twentieth century, Jake Rosenfeld asserts. For generations it was the core institution fighting for economic and political equality in the United States. Unions leveraged their bargaining power to deliver benefits to workers while shaping cultural understandings of fairness in the workplace. What Unions No Longer Do details the consequences of labor's decline, including poorer working conditions, less economic assimilation for immigrants, and wage stagnation among African-Americans. In short, unions are no longer instrumental in combating inequality in our economy and our politics, resulting in a sharp decline in the prospects of American workers and their families.
Download or read book Divested written by Ken-Hou Lin and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-01-06 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finance is an inescapable part of American life. From how one pursues an education, buys a home, runs a business, or saves for retirement, finance orders the lives of ordinary Americans. And as finance continues to expand, inequality soars. In Divested, Ken-Hou Lin and Megan Tobias Neely demonstrate why widening inequality cannot be understood without examining the rise of big finance. The growth of the financial sector has dramatically transformed the American economy by redistributing resources from workers and families into the hands of owners, executives, and financial professionals. The average American is now divested from a world driven by the maximization of financial profit. Lin and Neely provide systematic evidence to document how the ascendance of finance on Wall Street, Main Street, and among households is a fundamental cause of economic inequality. They argue that finance has reshaped the economy in three important ways. First, the financial sector extracts resources from the economy at large without providing economic benefits to those outside the financial services industry. Second, firms in other economic sectors have become increasingly involved in lending and investing, which weakens the demand for labor and the bargaining power of workers. And third, the escalating consumption of financial products by households shifts risks and uncertainties once shouldered by unions, corporations, and governments onto families. A clear, comprehensive, and convincing account of the forces driving economic inequality in America, Divested warns us that the most damaging consequence of the expanding financial system is not simply recurrent financial crises but a widening social divide between the have and have-nots.
Book Synopsis The Nation’s Health Care Bill by : Jerry Cromwell
Download or read book The Nation’s Health Care Bill written by Jerry Cromwell and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2013-07-28 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 50 years, spending on health care services—by households, private businesses, and state and federal governments—increased dramatically and now approaches one out of every five dollars spent in the United States. The benefits of health care spending have not been distributed equally across the population, with less going to a growing number of uninsured people. Moreover, the United States does not realize proportional value for its spending on health care. It spends more per capita than any of six other industrialized countries but ranks below them on measures of health care quality, efficiency, and equity. Unable to sustain rising contributions to health insurance, employers are shifting more of the cost to workers, thereby increasing the number who cannot afford coverage. Federal, state, and local governments have taken on some of these costs by subsidizing the health services of elderly, disabled, and poor people. Health spending, once a small fraction of the federal budget, now exceeds spending on defense or Social Security. State and local governments now devote more of their own taxes to health care than to elementary and secondary education, despite the federal government’s paying for the majority of Medicaid spending. The data in this chartbook indicate that the financial burden of health care spending presents a disproportionate burden on uninsured and sick people, small businesses, and low-wage workers. In addition to the magnitude and maldistribution of health spending, society’s “opportunity costs” are high: Private businesses, households, and state and federal governments could have made other highly productive purchases had health spending not exceeded economy-wide growth. For the government, health care spending decreases the money available for other investments, such as education, infrastructure, and debt reduction. As health costs increase and the population ages, the historical reallocation of US productive capacity to health care is unsustainable. With pressing needs elsewhere, the country must make the health system more efficient, equitable, and affordable. Passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) by Congress in 2010 was a comprehensive step to contain health care costs, particularly for families, while extending health care coverage to millions of uninsured people. The potential benefits of the ACA include better access to health professionals and prescription drugs, decreased medical debt and fewer subsequent bankruptcy filings, and lower labor costs for small businesses. Constrained health care spending will allow businesses and government to make more cost-effective investments elsewhere without raising prices or burdening taxpayers. With this chartbook as a baseline, users can monitor changes that result from the ACA and take future steps to enhance the cost-effectiveness of the US health care system.
Download or read book The State of Small Business written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
