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The Pursuit Of Objectivity In Psychology
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Book Synopsis The Pursuit of Objectivity in Psychology by : Mattias Desmet
Download or read book The Pursuit of Objectivity in Psychology written by Mattias Desmet and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For about a decade, academic psychology finds itself in a crisis. Replication of the vast majority of research findings fails, the field is plagued by a bewildering methodological sloppiness and several cases of outright fraud surfaced. This book argues that one of the major causes of the crisis in psychology often goes unnoticed and is situated at the level of measurement methods. While the method sections of myriads of research papers claim that the validity of the measurement instruments used is 'acceptable', 'good' or even 'excellent', every thorough analysis of validity and reliability of nomothetic measurement procedures leads up to profound skepticism. At first sight, the use of numbers gave psychology an aura of sophistication and exactness, but on a closer examination, it rather puts psychology at risk to become a pseudo-science. The author illustrates in a very tangible way that a variety of factors not-intended-to-be-measured impacts on measurement outcome and that this renders most types of statistical inference ineffective. He concludes that a reorientation towards single case research, a re-appraisal of narrative and qualitative description and a measurement paradigm centred on quantification of formal characteristics of language might attune psychological methods better to the complex and dynamic nature of its objects and contribute to a true overcoming of the replicability crisis
Book Synopsis Trust in Numbers by : Theodore M. Porter
Download or read book Trust in Numbers written by Theodore M. Porter and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A foundational work on historical and social studies of quantification What accounts for the prestige of quantitative methods? The usual answer is that quantification is desirable in social investigation as a result of its successes in science. Trust in Numbers questions whether such success in the study of stars, molecules, or cells should be an attractive model for research on human societies, and examines why the natural sciences are highly quantitative in the first place. Theodore Porter argues that a better understanding of the attractions of quantification in business, government, and social research brings a fresh perspective to its role in psychology, physics, and medicine. Quantitative rigor is not inherent in science but arises from political and social pressures, and objectivity derives its impetus from cultural contexts. In a new preface, the author sheds light on the current infatuation with quantitative methods, particularly at the intersection of science and bureaucracy.
Book Synopsis The Psychology of Totalitarianism by : Mattias Desmet
Download or read book The Psychology of Totalitarianism written by Mattias Desmet and published by Chelsea Green Publishing. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is in the grips of mass formation—a dangerous, collective type of hypnosis—as we bear witness to loneliness, free-floating anxiety, and fear giving way to censorship, loss of privacy, and surrendered freedoms. It is all spurred by a singular, focused crisis narrative that forbids dissident views and relies on destructive groupthink. Desmet’s work on mass formation theory was brought to the world’s attention on The Joe Rogan Experience and in major alternative news outlets around the globe. Read this book to get beyond the sound bites! Totalitarianism is not a coincidence and does not form in a vacuum. It arises from a collective psychosis that has followed a predictable script throughout history, its formation gaining strength and speed with each generation—from the Jacobins to the Nazis and Stalinists—as technology advances. Governments, mass media, and other mechanized forces use fear, loneliness, and isolation to demoralize populations and exert control, persuading large groups of people to act against their own interests, always with destructive results. In The Psychology of Totalitarianism, world-renowned Professor of Clinical Psychology Mattias Desmet deconstructs the societal conditions that allow this collective psychosis to take hold. By looking at our current situation and identifying the phenomenon of “mass formation”—a type of collective hypnosis—he clearly illustrates how close we are to surrendering to totalitarian regimes. With detailed analyses, examples, and results from years of research, Desmet lays out the steps that lead toward mass formation, including: An overall sense of loneliness and lack of social connections and bonds A lack of meaning—unsatisfying “bullsh*t jobs” that don’t offer purpose Free-floating anxiety and discontent that arise from loneliness and lack of meaning Manifestation of frustration and aggression from anxiety Emergence of a consistent narrative from government officials, mass media, etc., that exploits and channels frustration and anxiety In addition to clear psychological analysis—and building on Hannah Arendt’s essential work on totalitarianism, The Origins of Totalitarianism—Desmet offers a sharp critique of the cultural “groupthink” that existed prior to the pandemic and advanced during the COVID crisis. He cautions against the dangers of our current societal landscape, media consumption, and reliance on manipulative technologies and then offers simple solutions—both individual and collective—to prevent the willing sacrifice of our freedoms. “We can honor the right to freedom of expression and the right to self-determination without feeling threatened by each other,” Desmet writes. “But there is a point where we must stop losing ourselves in the crowd to experience meaning and connection. That is the point where the winter of totalitarianism gives way to a spring of life.” "Desmet has an . . . important take on everything that’s happening in the world right now."—Aubrey Marcus, podcast host "[Desmet] is waking a lot of people up to the dangerous place we are now with a brilliant distillation of how we ended up here."—Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. "One of the most important books I’ve ever read."—Ivor Cummins, The Fat Emperor Podcast "This is an amazing book . . . [Desmet is] one of the true geniuses I've spoken to . . . This book has really changed my view on a lot."—Tucker Carlson, speaking on The Will Cain Podcast
Book Synopsis Trust in Numbers by : Theodore M. Porter
Download or read book Trust in Numbers written by Theodore M. Porter and published by . This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This investigation of the overwhelming appeal of quantification in the modern world discusses the development of cultural meanings of objectivity over two centuries. How are we to account for the current prestige and power of quantitative methods? The usual answer is that quantification is seen as desirable in social and economic investigation as a result of its successes in the study of nature. Theodore Porter is not content with this. Why should the kind of success achieved in the study of stars, molecules, or cells be an attractive model for research on human societies? he asks. And, indeed, how should we understand the pervasiveness of quantification in the sciences of nature? In his view, we should look in the reverse direction: comprehending the attractions of quantification in business, government, and social research will teach us something new about its role in psychology, physics, and medicine. Drawing on a wide range of examples from the laboratory and from the worlds of accounting, insurance, cost-benefit analysis, and civil engineering, Porter shows that it is "exactly wrong" to interpret the drive for quantitative rigor as inherent somehow in the activity of science except where political and social pressures force compromise. Instead, quantification grows from attempts to develop a strategy of impersonality in response to pressures from outside. Objectivity derives its impetus from cultural contexts, quantification becoming most important where elites are weak, where private negotiation is suspect, and where trust is in short supply.
Book Synopsis Perception, Causation, and Objectivity by : Johannes Roessler
Download or read book Perception, Causation, and Objectivity written by Johannes Roessler and published by Consciousness & Self-Conscious. This book was released on 2011-07-14 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading philosophers and psychologists offer a rigorous assessment of the commonsense view that perceptual experience is an immediate awareness of mind-independent objects. They examine the nature of perception, its role in the acquisition of knowledge, the role of causation in perception, and how perceptual understanding develops in humans.
Book Synopsis Objectivity and Subjectivity in Social Research by : Gayle Letherby
Download or read book Objectivity and Subjectivity in Social Research written by Gayle Letherby and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2012-10-03 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectivity and subjectivity are key concepts in social research. This book, written by leading authors in the field, takes a completely new approach to objectivity and subjectivity, no longer treating them as opposed - as many existing texts do - but as logically and methodologically related in social research. The book debates: - the philosophical bases of objectivity and relativity - relationism and dynamic synthesis - situated objectivity - theorised subjectivity - social objects and realism - objectivity and subjectivity in practice The authors explain complex arguments with great clarity for social science students, while also providing the detail and comprehensiveness required to meet the needs of practising researchers and scholars.
Book Synopsis Psychology of the Belief in Objective Existence by : Julius Pikler
Download or read book Psychology of the Belief in Objective Existence written by Julius Pikler and published by Theclassics.Us. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1890 edition. Excerpt: ... objectiva capable of presentation. chapter I. the objective attributes of presentations. Psychology, although dealing with the consciousnesses of individuals, states objective facts. One of the more recent and most valued contributions on psychology, Dr. J. Ward's article, "Psychology," in the Encyclopedia Britannica, lays great stress on demonstrating the subjective or individualistic standpoint of psychology. "Of all the facts with which he deals," says Dr. Ward, "the psychologist truly can say that their esse is percipi, inasmuch as all his facts are facts of presentation, are ideas in Locke's sense, or objects which imply a subject." On the other hand, however, we are assured by the same author that psychology is nevertheless as objective "as the socalled object sciences, both.... being true for all, consisting of what Kant would call judgments of experience."1 This semi-objective character of psychology can be rendered apparent in a simpler manner by dividing as follows that which is subjective from that which is objective in psychology. Subjective is that in every psychological proposition, of which something is asserted by the proposition, it necessarily must be a presentation of a certain mind objective, again, is that which is asserted by the pro 1 Encyclop. Brit. vol. xx. p. 38. position concerning the former. Or to contrast two expressions employed by Dr. Ward as synonymous, the objects of which psychology speaks are such only as are presented to a certain individual or subject, but the facts themselves which are asserted of these objects, are facts without their necessarily being presented to some subject, or, to use the proper expression, are objective facts. Let us suppose that a psychologist, in
Book Synopsis Psychology of the Belief in Objective Existence by : Julius Pikler
Download or read book Psychology of the Belief in Objective Existence written by Julius Pikler and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pikler's groundbreaking treatise on the nature of belief explores the ways in which the human mind constructs reality. Drawing on empirical research and philosophical inquiry, he offers insights into how we come to believe in the objective existence of the world around us. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Book Synopsis Origins of Objectivity by : Tyler Burge
Download or read book Origins of Objectivity written by Tyler Burge and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-04 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tyler Burge's study investigates the most primitive ways in which individuals represent the physical world. By reflecting on the science of perception and related psychological and biological sciences, Burge outlines the constitutive conditions for perceiving the physical world, thus locating the origins of representational mind.
Book Synopsis PSYCHOLOGY OF THE BELIEF IN OB by : Julius Pikler
Download or read book PSYCHOLOGY OF THE BELIEF IN OB written by Julius Pikler and published by Wentworth Press. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Book Synopsis Constituting Selves by : Richard E. Duus
Download or read book Constituting Selves written by Richard E. Duus and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide a unique perspective and definition of the self in psychological literature, filling the gap between psychological science and practical implementation of interventions presented to psychotherapy clients. Combining insights from a broad range of interdisciplinary literature and multiple perspectives on the self and identity, the author seeks to determine whether an independent reality exists behind the term ‘self’ and what the nature of that reality might be. Among the topics discussed: Varieties of narrative self within a psychological frame First-personal experience and identity Ethics, responsibility, and the other Semiotics and subjectivity Constituting Selves: Psychology's Pragmatic Horizon will be of interest to clinicians and psychologists seeking to challenge preexisting conceptualizations and definitions of the self in current psychological literature.
Book Synopsis Why Christians Can't Trust Psychology by : Ed Bulkley
Download or read book Why Christians Can't Trust Psychology written by Ed Bulkley and published by Harvest House Publishers. This book was released on 1993-07-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where should Christians go to heal the deep hurts in their hearts? Today’s search for inner fulfillment has exploded into the Recovery movement, complete with twelve-step seminars, counseling programs, and self-help books. Thousands are looking to Christian psychology to help them attain victory over modern dysfunctions. Does that mean the Bible alone is no longer adequate for the problems faced by Christians today? Some say we need the Bible plus psychology. Others say the Bible alone is sufficient. With deep insight and candor, pastoral counselor Ed Bulkley presents the opposing sides of this issue—and offers trustworthy, biblical answers for those who long to break away from pain and guilt and know true freedom...genuine inner peace...and a fresh beginning. The pressures to find the solutions to human hurt and suffering have never been greater. Clear answers are urgently needed for the hurting—today.
Book Synopsis The Edge of Objectivity by : Charles Coulston Gillispie
Download or read book The Edge of Objectivity written by Charles Coulston Gillispie and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1960 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Full circle -- Art, life, and experiment -- The new philosophy -- Newton with his prism and silent face -- Science and the Enlightenment -- The rationalization of matter -- The history of nature -- Biology comes of age -- Early energetics -- Field physics -- Epilogue.
Book Synopsis Rational Psychology by : Laurens P. Hickok
Download or read book Rational Psychology written by Laurens P. Hickok and published by Hansebooks. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rational Psychology - The subjective idea and objective law of all intelligence is an unchanged, high-quality reprint of the original edition of 1882. Hansebooks is editor of the literature on different topic areas such as research and science, travel and expeditions, cooking and nutrition, medicine, and other genres. As a publisher we focus on the preservation of historical literature. Many works of historical writers and scientists are available today as antiques only. Hansebooks newly publishes these books and contributes to the preservation of literature which has become rare and historical knowledge for the future.
Book Synopsis Rational Psychology by : Laurens Perseus Hickok
Download or read book Rational Psychology written by Laurens Perseus Hickok and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-14 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reproduction of the original artefact. Generally these books are created from careful scans of the original. This allows us to preserve the book accurately and present it in the way the author intended. Since the original versions are generally quite old, there may occasionally be certain imperfections within these reproductions. We're happy to make these classics available again for future generations to enjoy!
Book Synopsis A History of Modern Psychology by : Duane Schultz
Download or read book A History of Modern Psychology written by Duane Schultz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-02 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A History of Modern Psychology, 3rd Edition discusses the development and decline of schools of thought in modern psychology. The book presents the continuing refinement of the tools, techniques, and methods of psychology in order to achieve increased precision and objectivity. Chapters focus on relevant topics such as the role of history in understanding the diversity and divisiveness of contemporary psychology; the impact of physics on the cognitive revolution and humanistic psychology; the influence of mechanism on Descartes's thinking; and the evolution of the third force, humanistic psychology. Undergraduate students of psychology and related fields will find the book invaluable in their pursuit of knowledge.
Book Synopsis Genetics in the Madhouse by : Theodore M. Porter
Download or read book Genetics in the Madhouse written by Theodore M. Porter and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the early 1800s, a century before there was any concept of the gene, physicians in insane asylums began to record causes of madness in their admission books. Almost from the beginning, they pointed to heredity as the most important of these causes. As doctors and state officials steadily lost faith in the capacity of asylum care to stem the terrible increase of insanity, they began emphasizing the need to curb the reproduction of the insane. They became obsessed with identifying weak or tainted families and anticipating the outcomes of their marriages. Genetics in the Madhouse is the untold story of how the collection and sorting of hereditary data in mental hospitals, schools for 'feebleminded' children, and prisons gave rise to a new science of human heredity. In this compelling book, Theodore Porter draws on untapped archival evidence from across Europe and North America to bring to light the hidden history behind modern genetics. He looks at the institutional use of pedigree charts, censuses of mental illness, medical-social surveys, and other data techniques--innovative quantitative practices that were worked out in the madhouse long before the manipulation of DNA became possible in the lab. Porter argues that asylum doctors developed many of the ideologies and methods of what would come to be known as eugenics, and deepens our appreciation of the moral issues at stake in data work conducted on the border of subjectivity and science. A bold rethinking of asylum work, Genetics in the Madhouse shows how heredity was a human science as well as a medical and biological one"--Jacket.
