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The Privatization Of Japan Railways And Japan Post Why How And Now
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Book Synopsis Reforming State-Owned Enterprises in Asia by : Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary
Download or read book Reforming State-Owned Enterprises in Asia written by Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-23 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes state-owned enterprises (SOEs), which are still significant players in many Asian economies. They provide essential public services, build and operate key infrastructure, and are often reservoirs of public employment. Their characteristics and inherent competitive advantages as publicly owned enterprises allow them to play these critical roles. Their weaknesses in governance and inefficiencies in incentive structures, however, also often lead to poor performance. SOEs must be efficient, transparent, and accountable to level the playing field for private companies, secure the growth of a vibrant private sector, and achieve sustained and inclusive economic growth. This book analyzes the reform of SOEs in Asia, the results of which are mixed. The volume concludes that some key conditions generally need to be met for SOE reforms to be successful: national bureaucracies must have the capacity to implement the reforms, and adverse impacts on international trade and investment must be avoided.
Book Synopsis The Japanese Economy by : Randall Jones
Download or read book The Japanese Economy written by Randall Jones and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-05-23 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan has many unique strengths, but it also faces numerous challenges, many of which are related to population ageing. Rapid demographic change is projected to reduce Japan’s population by one-quarter by 2060 while increasing the share of elderly people from 29% of the total population to 38%, which would be the highest share among advanced countries. This book analyses the Japanese economy and the challenges it faces, and suggests policies to promote wellbeing, high living standards, fiscal sustainability, social inclusion and environmental sustainability. The book’s 24 chapters focus on key aspects of Japan’s economy, including the labour market, innovation, education, women in the workforce, corporate governance, small and medium-sized enterprises, the service sector, agriculture, fiscal and monetary policy, income distribution and policies to address climate change. The volume aims to increase understanding of Japan, the world’s third-largest economy and a key player in the global economy. It will assist policymakers and serve as a resource for academics and students of economics and public policy. As Japan is a front-runner in population ageing, the book’s analysis and policy recommendations are highly relevant to other countries that are, or soon will be, facing similar challenges.
Book Synopsis Japanese National Railways – Its Break-up and Privatization by : Yoshiyuki Kasai
Download or read book Japanese National Railways – Its Break-up and Privatization written by Yoshiyuki Kasai and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a rare look into the politics and economics of the largest and arguably most dramatic privatization undertaken in Japan. Yoshiuki Kasai, President of JR Central, guides readers through first-hand accounts of the history of JNR’s break-up, the political and internal obstacles faced in the reform process, and the major lessons drawn through his experiences. At the end of the book Kasai is joined by Diethelm Sack and Sir Steve Robson in a discussion of major issues encountered in railway reforms in Japan, Germany and the UK.
Book Synopsis Railway Transportation in South Asia by : Saptarshi Mitra
Download or read book Railway Transportation in South Asia written by Saptarshi Mitra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-20 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses policy instruments for sustainable infrastructure developments. Railways are one of the most important developmental instruments of a region, province, or country. They play a crucial role in economic development, urban growth, urban mobility, regional susceptibility, market integration, and world trade. Railways are an integral part of regional and urban development, both in terms of freight and passenger transport. By offering case studies from various regions and cities in South Asia, this book examines the evolution of railway transportation and the impact of these infrastructure projects on regional and urban development. It examines the interactions between evolving infrastructures and competing demands and considers the negative and positive externalities of railway transportation for people, places, and locations. The contributions analyze issues such as network infrastructure planning and technological development, passenger mobility and satisfaction, vulnerability to environmental impacts, and cross-border trade.
Book Synopsis Transformations in Mobility by : Gilles Roucolle
Download or read book Transformations in Mobility written by Gilles Roucolle and published by Kogan Page Publishers. This book was released on 2024-04-03 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transformations in Mobility provides a panoramic overview of the changing mobility business landscape, helping transportation leaders and consultants make sense of the most important trends, challenges and opportunities impacting this sector. Drawing on exclusive interviews from thirty of the most important leaders, experts and financiers in transportation spanning all modes and from around the world, the book delves into the practical lessons learned from a demand, regulatory, strategic, technology and leadership perspective and explores the way mobility might evolve in the future. It looks into pressing issues such as fragmentation of demand in mobility, technological disruptions impacting the sector and how far it is possible to decarbonize transport when it is the world's second biggest source of emissions. Drawing on cutting-edge insights, this book explores mobility's shift from supply-driven to demand-driven growth, the role of regulation and standards, digitalization, the emergence of cross-industry coalitions and the decarbonization agenda and its impact on future transport shares. It offers insightful stories and lessons learned from some of the world's leading industry experts, including some never heard before. It also features exciting case studies such as European Rail Signalling Systems ERTMS and Class 1 Freight Railways in North America.
Book Synopsis Ruins to Riches by : Raymond G. Stokes
Download or read book Ruins to Riches written by Raymond G. Stokes and published by . This book was released on 2024-04-12 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1945, Germany and Japan lay prostrate after total war and resounding defeat. By 1960, they had the second and fifth largest economies in the world respectively. This global leadership has been maintained ever since. How did these 'economic miracles' come to pass, and why were these two nations particularly adept at achieving them? Ray Stokes is the first to unpack these questions from comparative and international perspectives, emphasising both the individuals and companies behind this exceptional performance and the broader global political and economic contexts. He highlights the potent mixtures in both countries of judicious state action, effective industrial organisation, benign labour relations, and technological innovation, which they adapted constantly - sometimes painfully - to take full advantage of rapidly growing post-war international trade and globalisation. Together, they explain the spectacular resurgence of Deutschland AG and Japan Incorporated to global economic and technological leadership, which they have sustained to the present.
Book Synopsis Megaprojects for Megacities by : John Landis
Download or read book Megaprojects for Megacities written by John Landis and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-12-08 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Megaprojects for Megacities is a collection of 14 international case studies of transportation, urban development, and environmental megaprojects completed during the last ten years in North America, Asia and Europe. It goes beyond the previous megaproject literature to look at how and why each project was conceived, planned, engineered, financed, and delivered, and at how particular planning and delivery practices shaped outcomes.
Book Synopsis Modern Economic Regulation by : Christopher Decker
Download or read book Modern Economic Regulation written by Christopher Decker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 779 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brings economic regulation to life by tracing theoretical insights through to real-world applications in eight essential regulated sectors.
Book Synopsis Public Private Partnership: Asian Perspectives - Recommendations for Azerbaijan by : Mahir Humbatov
Download or read book Public Private Partnership: Asian Perspectives - Recommendations for Azerbaijan written by Mahir Humbatov and published by Mahir Humbatov. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the world makes great strides on the path to development, the gap between infrastructure needs and the resources governments possess to meet those needs is ever growing on account of governments’ razor thin budgets, rapid urbanization and population growth. Asia’s overall infrastructure investment needs are estimated at USD 9 trillion till 2030, 68% of which is for new capacity and 32% for maintaining and replacing existing infrastructure. The average annual infrastructure investment during this period is about USD 750 billion. As countries move up the value chain and urban populations expand, demand for transport, logistics and utilities will only continue to grow, increasing the burden on public funds. If cash-flushed investors have an appetite for Asia’s infrastructure projects, what is keeping them at bay? For infrastructure development, statistics show that Asian nations have been turning to Public Private Partnerships (PPP), which seemed to be one of the main tools to attract financing and keep pace with rapid growth. Although the PPP models are established in several Asian countries, such as Singapore, South Korea and Japan, others are relatively immature. Indonesia, China and India, in particular, have announced ambitious infrastructure programs with governments developing mechanisms to encourage PPP investment and address barriers to PPP development. The new game-changers of the 21st century – India and China are showing aggressive signs of opening their domestic markets to international investors. While PPPs hold significant potential for Asia, they also present formidable challenges. Case studies of PPP markets in Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand provide an Asian perspective enabling recommendations for Azerbaijan. The Azerbaijani government has achieved great progress over the last decade in integrating the country into the global economic marketplace and increasing foreign investment mainly due to its oil resources. Now, the government’s focus is on diversifying the economy outside the oil sector. Azerbaijan is facing increasing demand for investment in infrastructure development, overstretching the government’s budget. There is need for not only private sector investment but also private sector knowledge and expertise. The traditional approach of the government for infrastructure development of any kind has been to use the state’s own budget or privatization. The first is markedly insufficient to meet the country’s needs while the latter only works in a sound legal and financial framework and is not appropriate for all public service delivery projects. So there is a need to see if the time is ripe for public private partnerships. PPPs may not be the ultimate solution, but they can help address many of the issues systemic to the region in the field of infrastructure development. All it needs is a systematic approach undertaken through joint efforts of private and public sectors.
Book Synopsis Reforming Infrastructure by : Ioannis Nicolaos Kessides
Download or read book Reforming Infrastructure written by Ioannis Nicolaos Kessides and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electricity, natural gas, telecommunications, railways, and water supply, are often vertically and horizontally integrated state monopolies. This results in weak services, especially in developing and transition economies, and for poor people. Common problems include low productivity, high costs, bad quality, insufficient revenue, and investment shortfalls. Many countries over the past two decades have restructured, privatized and regulated their infrastructure. This report identifies the challenges involved in this massive policy redirection. It also assesses the outcomes of these changes, as well as their distributional consequences for poor households and other disadvantaged groups. It recommends directions for future reforms and research to improve infrastructure performance, identifying pricing policies that strike a balance between economic efficiency and social equity, suggesting rules governing access to bottleneck infrastructure facilities, and proposing ways to increase poor people's access to these crucial services.
Book Synopsis Daily Summary of Japanese Press by :
Download or read book Daily Summary of Japanese Press written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sustainable Railway Futures by : Becky P.Y. Loo
Download or read book Sustainable Railway Futures written by Becky P.Y. Loo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revitalizing railways as a major sustainable transport mode in modern societies faces many issues and challenges. This in-depth overview places the importance of railways in the wider context of comprehensive sustainability, which encompasses sustainable development, social and economic equity and community livability. Some scholars have described the 21st century as a period of renaissance for railways and suggest this transport mode can fulfil people's desire for high mobility with low negative environmental, social, economic and financial impacts. In light of these new expectations for railways, in both passenger and freight transport worldwide, this book offers the latest research insights on the renewed interest about railway expansions and their wide-ranging environmental, socio-economic and even political implications.
Download or read book Japan Post Bank written by Akira Uno and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-09 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive view on how regional financial institutions should be operated in order to restore Japan’s fiscal health. It points out that, even though the Japan Post Bank has been partially privatized, the old mandatory deposit system still virtually exists between the bank and the government. This makes the bank’s asset portfolio heavily weighted toward Japanese government bonds and creates a bottleneck to restoring fiscal health. The book also demonstrates how this system and the low interest rate policy keep the bank’s return on assets (ROA) low and expose the bank to an interest rate risk and credit risk. While shedding light on the true nature of these problems, this work looks into the best ways regional financial institutions can be operated for the sake of regional economic revitalization. The process would involve integrating the three privatized public financial institutions (i.e., the Japan Post Bank, the Shoko Chukin Bank, and the Development Bank of Japan) and splitting their operations into different businesses and regional companies as well as reorganizing more than 100 regional banks. The author analyzes total assets and ROA of different types of financial institutions (public and private financial services) in Japan to obtain an overall view. Then, using ROA as an assessment indicator, he looks into ways to optimize their portfolios to make the most of individual financial assets, especially deposits, from a welfare economics point of view and formulates a theory for optimization. Financial institutions can optimize their ROA by using individual deposits and savings for total optimization to maximize their return on investment. If the share of total assets by type of financial institution is optimized through mergers or vertical integration between different types of financial institutions, and if ROA is optimized overall as a result, the structure of financial institutions by type in Japan can be optimized.
Book Synopsis MERI's Monthly Circular by : Mitsubishi Keizai Kenkyūjo
Download or read book MERI's Monthly Circular written by Mitsubishi Keizai Kenkyūjo and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Contemporary Japan by : Duncan McCargo
Download or read book Contemporary Japan written by Duncan McCargo and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan is one of the world's most important societies, yet remains one of the least understood. This book is designed to fill the gap for a concise but thought-provoking introduction to all aspects of the country's political, economic and social life set in a clear historical context. The author's starting-point is that the study of Japan is 'contested territory' where even such apparently simple questions such as 'Who is in charge?' spark considerable disagreement and controversy among experts. To understand contemporary Japan, Duncan McCargo argues, it is necessary to get to grips with a range of different perspectives on Japanese political and social structures. Integrating contrasting perspectives throughout, the core chapters of the book focus on the changing economy, government and politics, society and culture, and Japan's place in the wider world. The new third edition of this popular text has been fully revised and updated throughout to cover key developments such as the historic end of LDP rule in 2009. This accessible and lively book will be essential reading both for students and general readers who want to know more about this important country.
Book Synopsis Public Sector Reform by : Jan-Erik Lane
Download or read book Public Sector Reform written by Jan-Erik Lane and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1997-12-12 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deregulation, privatization and marketization have become the bywords for the reforms and debates surrounding the public sector. This major book is unique in its comparative analysis of the reform experience in Western and Eastern Europe, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Leading experts identify a number of key factors to systematically explain the similarities and differences, map common problems and together reflect on the future shape of the public sector, exploring significant themes in a lively and accessible way.
Book Synopsis Limits to Privatization by : Marianne Beishem
Download or read book Limits to Privatization written by Marianne Beishem and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limits to Privatization is the first thorough audit of privatizations from around the world. It outlines the historical emergence of globalization and liberalization, and from analyses of over 50 case studies of best- and worst-case experiences of privatization, it provides guidance for policy and action that will restore and maintain the right balance between the powers and responsibilities of the state, the private sector and the increasingly important role of civil society. The result is a book of major importance that challenges one of the orthodoxies of our day and provides a benchmark for future debate.
