The Politics of Furniture

Download The Politics of Furniture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317020464
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Politics of Furniture by : Fredie Floré

Download or read book The Politics of Furniture written by Fredie Floré and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many different parts of the world modern furniture elements have served as material expressions of power in the post-war era. They were often meant to express an international and in some respects apolitical modern language, but when placed in a sensitive setting or a meaningful architectural context, they were highly capable of negotiating or manipulating ideological messages. The agency of modern furniture was often less overt than that of political slogans or statements, but as the chapters in this book reveal, it had the potential of becoming a persuasive and malleable ally in very diverse politically charged arenas, including embassies, governmental ministries, showrooms, exhibitions, design schools, libraries, museums and even prisons. This collection of chapters examines the consolidating as well as the disrupting force of modern furniture in the global context between 1945 and the mid-1970s. The volume shows that key to understanding this phenomenon is the study of the national as well as transnational systems through which it was launched, promoted and received. While some chapters squarely focus on individual furniture elements as vehicles communicating political and social meaning, others consider the role of furniture within potent sites that demand careful negotiation, whether between governments, cultures, or buyer and seller. In doing so, the book explicitly engages different scholarly fields: design history, history of interior architecture, architectural history, cultural history, diplomatic and political history, postcolonial studies, tourism studies, material culture studies, furniture history, and heritage and preservation studies. Taken together, the narratives and case studies compiled in this volume offer a better understanding of the political agency of post-war modern furniture in its original historical context. At the same time, they will enrich current debates on reuse, relocation or reproduction of some of these elements.

The Politics of Furniture

Download The Politics of Furniture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317020472
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Politics of Furniture by : Fredie Floré

Download or read book The Politics of Furniture written by Fredie Floré and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many different parts of the world modern furniture elements have served as material expressions of power in the post-war era. They were often meant to express an international and in some respects apolitical modern language, but when placed in a sensitive setting or a meaningful architectural context, they were highly capable of negotiating or manipulating ideological messages. The agency of modern furniture was often less overt than that of political slogans or statements, but as the chapters in this book reveal, it had the potential of becoming a persuasive and malleable ally in very diverse politically charged arenas, including embassies, governmental ministries, showrooms, exhibitions, design schools, libraries, museums and even prisons. This collection of chapters examines the consolidating as well as the disrupting force of modern furniture in the global context between 1945 and the mid-1970s. The volume shows that key to understanding this phenomenon is the study of the national as well as transnational systems through which it was launched, promoted and received. While some chapters squarely focus on individual furniture elements as vehicles communicating political and social meaning, others consider the role of furniture within potent sites that demand careful negotiation, whether between governments, cultures, or buyer and seller. In doing so, the book explicitly engages different scholarly fields: design history, history of interior architecture, architectural history, cultural history, diplomatic and political history, postcolonial studies, tourism studies, material culture studies, furniture history, and heritage and preservation studies. Taken together, the narratives and case studies compiled in this volume offer a better understanding of the political agency of post-war modern furniture in its original historical context. At the same time, they will enrich current debates on reuse, relocation or reproduction of some of these elements.

Butterfly Politics

Download Butterfly Politics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Belknap Press
ISBN 13 : 0674237668
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Butterfly Politics by : Catharine A. MacKinnon

Download or read book Butterfly Politics written by Catharine A. MacKinnon and published by Belknap Press. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Sometimes ideas change the world. This astonishing, miraculous, shattering, inspiring book captures the origins and the arc of the movement for sex equality. It’s a book whose time has come—always, but perhaps now more than ever.” —Cass Sunstein, coauthor of Nudge Under certain conditions, small simple actions can produce large and complex “butterfly effects.” Butterfly Politics shows how Catharine A. MacKinnon turned discrimination law into an effective tool against sexual abuse—grounding and predicting the worldwide #MeToo movement—and proposes concrete steps that could have further butterfly effects on women’s rights. Thirty years after she won the U.S. Supreme Court case establishing sexual harassment as illegal, this timely collection of her previously unpublished interventions on consent, rape, and the politics of gender equality captures in action the creative and transformative activism of an icon. “MacKinnon adapts a concept from chaos theory in which the tiny motion of a butterfly’s wings can trigger a tornado half a world away. Under the right conditions, she posits, small actions can produce major social transformations.” —New York Times “MacKinnon [is] radical, passionate, incorruptible and a beautiful literary stylist... Butterfly Politics is a devastating salvo fired in the gender wars... This book has a single overriding aim: to effect global change in the pursuit of equality.” —The Australian “Sexual Harassment of Working Women was a revelation. It showed how this anti-discrimination law—Title VII—could be used as a tool... It was the beginning of a field that didn’t exist until then.” —U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg

Designing One Nation

Download Designing One Nation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780190877286
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (772 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Designing One Nation by : Katrin Schreiter

Download or read book Designing One Nation written by Katrin Schreiter and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Designing One Nation explores how East and West Germans negotiated their country's postwar division at the juncture of economic and cultural politics. It is especially concerned with historical interconnections between the two Germanies in industrial design, economic structures, corporate ethos, trade, economic foreign policy and consumer culture, all of which are subsumed under the term "economic culture." It shows that post-war reconstruction, as envisioned and realized by a network of politicians, entrepreneurs, and cultural brokers, did more than to modernize the respective parts of Germany. Rather, through the national re-inscription of their material culture, here explored in the realm of interior design and furniture production, the two German states pursued an unprecedented effort to regain economic stability and political influence in post-war Europe's order. Significantly, what started as a Cold War competition for ideological superiority quickly turned into a shared, politically legitimizing quest for an untainted post-fascist modernity. Following products from the drawing board into the homes of ordinary Germans, this book thus offers unique insights into how converging visions of German industrial modernity created shared expectations about economic progress and living standards. The resulting economic culture linked the two Germanies together and acted internationally in a pan-German interest"--

Secular Surge

Download Secular Surge PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108918344
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Secular Surge by : David E. Campbell

Download or read book Secular Surge written by David E. Campbell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-03 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American society is rapidly secularizing–a radical departure from its historically high level of religiosity–and politics is a big part of the reason. Just as, forty years ago, the Religious Right arose as a new political movement, today secularism is gaining traction as a distinct and politically energized identity. This book examines the political causes and political consequences of this secular surge, drawing on a wealth of original data. The authors show that secular identity is in part a reaction to the Religious Right. However, while the political impact of secularism is profound, there may not yet be a Secular Left to counterbalance the Religious Right. Secularism has introduced new tensions within the Democratic Party while adding oxygen to political polarization between Democrats and Republicans. Still there may be opportunities to reach common ground if politicians seek to forge coalitions that encompass both secular and religious Americans.

Mid-Century Modernism and the American Body

Download Mid-Century Modernism and the American Body PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691213496
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mid-Century Modernism and the American Body by : Kristina Wilson

Download or read book Mid-Century Modernism and the American Body written by Kristina Wilson and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first investigation of how race and gender shaped the presentation and marketing of Modernist decor in postwar America In the world of interior design, mid-century Modernism has left an indelible mark still seen and felt today in countless open-concept floor plans and spare, geometric furnishings. Yet despite our continued fascination, we rarely consider how this iconic design sensibility was marketed to the diverse audiences of its era. Examining advice manuals, advertisements in Life and Ebony, furniture, art, and more, Mid-Century Modernism and the American Body offers a powerful new look at how codes of race, gender, and identity influenced—and were influenced by—Modern design and shaped its presentation to consumers. Taking us to the booming suburban landscape of postwar America, Kristina Wilson demonstrates that the ideals defined by popular Modernist furnishings were far from neutral or race-blind. Advertisers offered this aesthetic to White audiences as a solution for keeping dirt and outsiders at bay, an approach that reinforced middle-class White privilege. By contrast, media arenas such as Ebony magazine presented African American readers with an image of Modernism as a style of comfort, security, and social confidence. Wilson shows how etiquette and home decorating manuals served to control women by associating them with the domestic sphere, and she considers how furniture by George Nelson and Charles and Ray Eames, as well as smaller-scale decorative accessories, empowered some users, even while constraining others. A striking counter-narrative to conventional histories of design, Mid-Century Modernism and the American Body unveils fresh perspectives on one of the most distinctive movements in American visual culture.

Guerilla Furniture Design

Download Guerilla Furniture Design PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Storey Publishing, LLC
ISBN 13 : 161212304X
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (121 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Guerilla Furniture Design by : Will Holman

Download or read book Guerilla Furniture Design written by Will Holman and published by Storey Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Build stylish and functional furniture from salvaged materials. This innovative guide presents dozens of strategies for upcycling scrap cardboard, metal, plastic, or wood into dependable shelving units, sturdy tables, and fun lamps. With directions for 35 easy and inexpensive projects that include a Cardboard Cantilever Chair, a License Plate Bowl, a Conduit Coatrack, and much more, you’ll be inspired to start filling your home with unique high-style furniture that makes sense for both your wallet and the environment.

Critique on the Couch

Download Critique on the Couch PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231552718
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Critique on the Couch by : Amy Allen

Download or read book Critique on the Couch written by Amy Allen and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does critical theory still need psychoanalysis? In Critique on the Couch, Amy Allen offers a cogent and convincing defense of its ongoing relevance. Countering the overly rationalist and progressivist interpretations of psychoanalysis put forward by contemporary critical theorists such as Jürgen Habermas and Axel Honneth, Allen argues that the work of Melanie Klein offers an underutilized resource. She draws on Freud, Klein, and Lacan to develop a more realistic strand of psychoanalytic thinking that centers on notions of loss, negativity, ambivalence, and mourning. Far from leading to despair, such an understanding of human subjectivity functions as a foundation of creativity, productive self-transformation, and progressive social change. At a time when critical theorists are increasingly returning to psychoanalytic thought to diagnose the dysfunctions of our politics, this book opens up new ways of understanding the political implications of psychoanalysis while preserving the progressive, emancipatory aims of critique.

The Furniture of the World

Download The Furniture of the World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Brill
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Furniture of the World by : Guillermo Hurtado

Download or read book The Furniture of the World written by Guillermo Hurtado and published by Brill. This book was released on 2012 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen essays make up the body of this anthology. Most of the authors are Latin Americans (although some of them work in other regions), and thus we might say that this volume is, in a very approximate sense, a showcase of recent Latin-American ontology and metaphysics. The remaining authors--Pierre Aubenque, Barry Smith, Lorenzo Peña and James Hamilton--are distinguished teachers who have had important contacts with the Latin-American philosophical community. The articles in this anthology address some of the central questions in ontology and metaphysics: the possibility of a science of being (Aubenque), the different possible approaches to ontology (Hurtado), the recent application of ontology to informatics (Smith), guise theory and its Leibnizian antecedents (Herrera), the reduction of space and time to phenomenological properties (Rodríguez Larreta), the Newtonian ontology of space and time (Benítez and Robles), the relation between truth and the so-called "truth-makers" (Rodríguez Pereyra), the ontological position of the Pyrrhonic skeptic (Junqueira Smith), the limits and difficulties of metaphysical realism (Cabanchik, Pereda), the defense of physicalist or emergentist positions regarding the mental (Pérez), the metaphysical nature of persons (Naishtat), the ontology of cultural entities (Peña), political ontology (Nudler), the relation between ontology and literature (Hamilton), the ontology of art (Tomasini). Some of the works (e.g., those Aubenque and Robles) approach the question from a historical perspective: others examine the most recent philosophical literature on the problems focalized (e.g., those by Pérez and Rodríguez Pereyra), and others offer new approaches (e.g., those of Rodríguez Larreta, Peña or Nudler) to a specific problematic area.

Upending American Politics

Download Upending American Politics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190083522
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Upending American Politics by : Theda Skocpol

Download or read book Upending American Politics written by Theda Skocpol and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The election of Barack Obama in 2008 was startling, as was the victory of Donald Trump eight years later. Because both presidents were unusual and gained office backed by Congresses controlled by their own parties, their elections kick-started massive counter-movements. The Tea Party starting in 2009 and the "resistance" after November 2016 transformed America's political landscape. Upending American Politics offers a fresh perspective on recent upheavals, tracking the emergence and spread of local voluntary citizens' groups, the ongoing activities of elite advocacy organizations and consortia of wealthy donors, and the impact of popular and elite efforts on the two major political parties and candidate-led political campaigns. Going well beyond national surveys, Theda Skocpol, Caroline Tervo, and their contributors use organizational documents, interviews, and local visits to probe changing organizational configurations at the national level and in swing states. This volume analyzes conservative politics in the first section and progressive responses in the second to provide a clear overview of US politics as a whole. By highlighting evidence from the state level, it also reveals the important interplay of local and national trends.

The Political Primer

Download The Political Primer PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Trafford Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1466906316
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (669 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Political Primer by : Mark E. Glogowski Ph. D.

Download or read book The Political Primer written by Mark E. Glogowski Ph. D. and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kind of society you want to live in depends upon what you politically believe. Each political party has embraced a Worldview of how society should be structured and how people should interact. Each party is striving to create a world structured by their Worldview. The goal of politics is to place individuals in positions of control over society who will create or preserve that structure. That is the same goal as war - to place people in charge of society who will create a structure for society that will result in the establishment of the kind of society the victors want to live in. For some people how they live is worth fighting for. For many, how they live is worth dying for. Politics is war! You are the foot soldier. So what do you believe? The Political Primer will help you to determine what it is you politically believe and which Worldview you already embrace. You will soon realize politics is not about what other people think or what other people believe. Politics is about what you think and what you believe. Here are three of the facts that politicians and elected officials do not want you to know: 1. Politics is not complicated. 2. Only four basic political philosophies exist. 3. Politics is entirely about you! Fundamental political concepts introduced in Part One are used to develop four political philosophies. There are only four! Part Two uses both trivial and controversial issues to illustrate the application of the political concepts of Part One. Part Three will illustrate the power of the political concepts presented and will further clarify how politics is utilized to change the structure of society. The Epilog is both a commentary and a test. The test is not to determine whether you agree or disagree with the Author's commentary. The test is to determine for yourself whether you now understand why you agree or disagree. The Political Primer will have accomplished its goal if you know why. You will have become politically astute. There are four possible future worlds. Which one do you want to build?

Identity

Download Identity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 0374717486
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (747 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Identity by : Francis Fukuyama

Download or read book Identity written by Francis Fukuyama and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New York Times bestselling author of The Origins of Political Order offers a provocative examination of modern identity politics: its origins, its effects, and what it means for domestic and international affairs of state In 2014, Francis Fukuyama wrote that American institutions were in decay, as the state was progressively captured by powerful interest groups. Two years later, his predictions were borne out by the rise to power of a series of political outsiders whose economic nationalism and authoritarian tendencies threatened to destabilize the entire international order. These populist nationalists seek direct charismatic connection to “the people,” who are usually defined in narrow identity terms that offer an irresistible call to an in-group and exclude large parts of the population as a whole. Demand for recognition of one’s identity is a master concept that unifies much of what is going on in world politics today. The universal recognition on which liberal democracy is based has been increasingly challenged by narrower forms of recognition based on nation, religion, sect, race, ethnicity, or gender, which have resulted in anti-immigrant populism, the upsurge of politicized Islam, the fractious “identity liberalism” of college campuses, and the emergence of white nationalism. Populist nationalism, said to be rooted in economic motivation, actually springs from the demand for recognition and therefore cannot simply be satisfied by economic means. The demand for identity cannot be transcended; we must begin to shape identity in a way that supports rather than undermines democracy. Identity is an urgent and necessary book—a sharp warning that unless we forge a universal understanding of human dignity, we will doom ourselves to continuing conflict.

The Price of Politics

Download The Price of Politics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1471133877
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (711 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Price of Politics by : Bob Woodward

Download or read book The Price of Politics written by Bob Woodward and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on 18 months of reporting, Woodward's 17th book is an intimate, documented examination of how President Obama and the highest profile Republican and Democratic leaders in the United States Congress attempted to restore the American economy and improve the federal government's fiscal condition over three and one half years. Drawn from memos, contemporaneous meeting notes, emails and in-depth interviews with the central players, THE PRICE OF POLITICS addresses the key issue of the presidential and congressional campaigns: the condition of the American economy and how and why we got there. Providing verbatim, day-by-day, even hour-by-hour accounts, the book shows what really happened, what drove the debates, negotiations and struggles that define, and will continue to define, the American future.

The Politics of the Artificial

Download The Politics of the Artificial PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022651837X
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Politics of the Artificial by : Victor Margolin

Download or read book The Politics of the Artificial written by Victor Margolin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging from the world of commercial art and product styling, design has now become completely integrated into human life. Its marks are all around us, from the chairs we sit on to the Web sites on our computer screens. One of the pioneers of design studies and still one of its most distinguished practitioners, Victor Margolin here offers a timely meditation on design and its study at the turn of the millennium and charts new directions for the future development of both fields. Divided into sections on the practice and study of design, the essays in The Politics of the Artificial cover such topics as design history, design research, design as a political tool, sustainable design, and the problems of design's relation to advanced technologies. Margolin also examines the work of key practitioners such as the matrix designer Ken Isaacs. Throughout the book Margolin demonstrates the underlying connections between the many ways of reflecting on and practicing design. He argues for the creation of an international, interdisciplinary field of design research and proposes a new ethical agenda for designers and researchers that encompasses the responsibility to users, the problems of sustainability, and the complicated questions of how to set boundaries for applying advanced technology to solve the problems of human life. Opinionated and erudite, Victor Margolin's The Politics of the Artificial breaks fresh ground in its call for a new approach to design research and practice. Designers, engineers, architects, anthropologists, sociologists, and historians will all benefit from its insights.

How All Politics Became Reproductive Politics

Download How All Politics Became Reproductive Politics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520299949
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis How All Politics Became Reproductive Politics by : Laura Briggs

Download or read book How All Politics Became Reproductive Politics written by Laura Briggs and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today all politics are reproductive politics, argues esteemed feminist critic Laura Briggs. From longer work hours to the election of Donald Trump, our current political crisis is above all about reproduction. Households are where we face our economic realities as social safety nets get cut and wages decline. Briggs brilliantly outlines how politicians’ racist accounts of reproduction—stories of Black “welfare queens” and Latina “breeding machines"—were the leading wedge in the government and business disinvestment in families. With decreasing wages, rising McJobs, and no resources for family care, our households have grown ever more precarious over the past forty years in sharply race-and class-stratified ways. This crisis, argues Briggs, fuels all others—from immigration to gay marriage, anti-feminism to the rise of the Tea Party.

Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time

Download Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0871404508
Total Pages : 720 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (714 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time by : Ira Katznelson

Download or read book Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time written by Ira Katznelson and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2013-03 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of the New Deal era highlights the politicians and pundits of the time, many of whom advocated for questionable positions, including separation of the races and an American dictatorship.

Music and the Politics of Negation

Download Music and the Politics of Negation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253005221
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Music and the Politics of Negation by : James R. Currie

Download or read book Music and the Politics of Negation written by James R. Currie and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past quarter century, music studies in the academy have their postmodern credentials by insisting that our scholarly engagements start and end by placing music firmly within its various historical and social contexts. In Music and the Politics of Negation, James R. Currie sets out to disturb the validity of this now quite orthodox claim. Alternating dialectically between analytic and historical investigations into the late 18th century and the present, he poses a set of uncomfortable questions regarding the limits and complicities of the values that the academy keeps in circulation by means of its musical encounters. His overriding thesis is that the forces that have formed us are not our fate.