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The Origin And Establishment Process Of Gut Microbiota In Early Life
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Book Synopsis The origin and establishment process of gut microbiota in early life by : Huixia Yang
Download or read book The origin and establishment process of gut microbiota in early life written by Huixia Yang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-20 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Human Microbiome in Early Life by : Omry Koren
Download or read book The Human Microbiome in Early Life written by Omry Koren and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-18 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Human Microbiome in Early Life: Implications to Health and Disease presents recent research advances that have highlighted the significance of early life, possibly beginning before birth, in the establishment of both the microbiome and its role in health and disease. The book reviews current knowledge on the origins of the human microbiota in early life, presents exposures which may disturb normal microbial colonization, and covers their implications to the risk of disease. Finally, emerging means to modify the early human microbiome to improve health are discussed. Examines the timeline of the human microbiome, from before conception to infancy, with an emphasis on clinical implications Evaluates the effort to understand not only the composition but also the origin of the microbiome Proves the emerging means to modify the human microbiome and particularly ‘the first 1000 days of life’ improve human health and prevent disease Generates resources to facilitate characterization of the human microbiota to further our understanding of how the microbiome impacts human health and disease
Book Synopsis Pediatric Nutrition in Practice by : B. Koletzko
Download or read book Pediatric Nutrition in Practice written by B. Koletzko and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2015-04-17 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no other time in life when the provision of adequate and balanced nutrition is of greater importance than during infancy and childhood. During this dynamic phase characterized by rapid growth, development and developmental plasticity, a sufficient amount and appropriate composition of nutrients both in health and disease are of key importance for growth, functional outcomes such as cognition and immune response, and the metabolic programming of long-term health and well-being. This compact reference text provides concise information to readers who seek quick guidance on practical issues in the nutrition of infants, children and adolescents. After the success of the first edition, which sold more than 50'000 copies in several languages, the editors prepared this thoroughly revised and updated second edition which focuses again on nutritional challenges in both affluent and poor populations around the world. Serving as a practical reference guide, this book will contribute to further improving the quality of feeding of healthy infants and children, as well as enhancing the standards of nutritional care in sick children.
Book Synopsis Metagenomics of the Human Body by : Karen E. Nelson
Download or read book Metagenomics of the Human Body written by Karen E. Nelson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-16 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book brings a completely different perspective than available books by combining the information gained from the human genome with that derived from parallel metagenomic studies, and new results from investigating the effects of these microbes on the host immune system. Although there are a number of books that focus on the human genome that are currently available, there are no books that bring to the forefront the mix of the human genome and the genomes and metagenomes of the microbial species that live within and on us.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309468698 Total Pages :123 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A great number of diverse microorganisms inhabit the human body and are collectively referred to as the human microbiome. Until recently, the role of the human microbiome in maintaining human health was not fully appreciated. Today, however, research is beginning to elucidate associations between perturbations in the human microbiome and human disease and the factors that might be responsible for the perturbations. Studies have indicated that the human microbiome could be affected by environmental chemicals or could modulate exposure to environmental chemicals. Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk presents a research strategy to improve our understanding of the interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome and the implications of those interactions for human health risk. This report identifies barriers to such research and opportunities for collaboration, highlights key aspects of the human microbiome and its relation to health, describes potential interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome, reviews the risk-assessment framework and reasons for incorporating chemicalâ€"microbiome interactions.
Author :Dimitris Charalampopoulos Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :0387790578 Total Pages :1273 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (877 download)
Book Synopsis Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and Technology by : Dimitris Charalampopoulos
Download or read book Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and Technology written by Dimitris Charalampopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-12 with total page 1273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview on the advances in the field, this volume presents the science underpinning the probiotic and prebiotic effects, the latest in vivo studies, the technological issues in the development and manufacture of these types of products, and the regulatory issues involved. It will be a useful reference for both scientists and technologists working in academic and governmental institutes, and the industry.
Book Synopsis Microbial Endocrinology by : Mark Lyte
Download or read book Microbial Endocrinology written by Mark Lyte and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial endocrinology represents a newly emerging interdisciplinary field that is formed by the intersection of the fields of neurobiology and microbiology. This book will introduce a new perspective to the current understanding not only of the factors that mediate the ability of microbes to cause disease, but also to the mechanisms that maintain normal homeostasis. The discovery that microbes can directly respond to neuroendocrine hormones, as evidenced by increased growth and production of virulence-associated factors, provides for a new framework with which to investigate how microorganisms interface not only with vertebrates, but also with invertebrates and even plants. The reader will learn that the neuroendocrine hormones that one most commonly associates with mammals are actually found throughout the plant, insect and microbial communities to an extent that will undoubtedly surprise many, and most importantly, how interactions between microbes and neuroendocrine hormones can influence the pathophysiology of infectious disease.
Book Synopsis Geriatric Gastroenterology by : C. S. Pitchumoni
Download or read book Geriatric Gastroenterology written by C. S. Pitchumoni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As aging trends in the United States and Europe in particular are strongly suggestive of increasingly older society, it would be prudent for health care providers to better prepare for such changes. By including physiology, disease, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology, radiology and other relevant associated topics, Geriatric Gastroenterology fills the void in the literature for a volume devoted specifically to gastrointestinal illness in the elderly. This unique volume includes provision of training for current and future generations of physicians to deal with the health problems of older adults. It will also serve as a comprehensive guide to practicing physicians for ease of reference. Relevant to the geriatric age group, the volume covers epidemiology, physiology of aging, gastrointestinal physiology, pharmacology, radiology, pathology, motility disorders, luminal disorders, hepato-biliary disease, systemic manifestations, neoplastic disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, cancer and medication related interactions and adverse events, all extremely common in older adults; these are often hard to evaluate and judge, especially considering the complex aging physiology. All have become important components of modern medicine. Special emphasis is be given to nutrition and related disorders. Capsule endoscopy and its utility in the geriatric population is also covered. Presented in simple, easy to read style, the volume includes numerous tables, figures and key points enabling ease of understanding. Chapters on imaging and pathology are profusely illustrated. All chapters are written by specialists and include up to date scientific information. Geriatric Gastroenterology is of great utility to residents in internal medicine, fellows in gastroenterology and geriatric medicine as well as gastroenterologists, geriatricians and practicing physicians including primary care physicians caring for older adults.
Book Synopsis Craniofacial Growth and Development: Novel Insights by : Erika Kuchler
Download or read book Craniofacial Growth and Development: Novel Insights written by Erika Kuchler and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-10-13 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Allergy Epidemic by : Susan Prescott
Download or read book The Allergy Epidemic written by Susan Prescott and published by Apollo Books. This book was released on 2011 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an internationally renowned specialist in childhood allergy and immunology, Prof. Susan Prescott takes us on a journey into the science behind the allergy epidemic. As both an allergy specialist working in a busy children's hospital and as a cutting edge research scientist, Prescott is perfectly placed to explore how and why we are experiencing an epidemic rise in allergic diseases, as well as the practical side of dealing with these potentially serious conditions. With clear, no-nonsense explanations and a very personable style, Prescott informs, assures, and educates in this book.
Book Synopsis Microbial Endocrinology: The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease by : Mark Lyte
Download or read book Microbial Endocrinology: The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease written by Mark Lyte and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-05 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of microbial endocrinology is expressly devoted to understanding the mechanisms by which the microbiota (bacteria within the microbiome) interact with the host (“us”). This interaction is a two-way street and the driving force that governs these interactions are the neuroendocrine products of both the host and the microbiota. Chapters include neuroendocrine hormone-induced changes in gene expression and microbial endocrinology and probiotics. This is the first in a series of books dedicated to understanding how bi-directional communication between host and bacteria represents the cutting edge of translational medical research, and hopefully identifies new ways to understand the mechanisms that determine health and disease.
Book Synopsis The Gut-Brain Axis by : Niall Hyland
Download or read book The Gut-Brain Axis written by Niall Hyland and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gut-Brain Axis: Dietary, Probiotic, and Prebiotic Interventions on the Microbiota examines the potential for microbial manipulation as a therapeutic avenue in central nervous system disorders in which an altered microbiota has been implicated, and explores the mechanisms, sometimes common, by which the microbiota may contribute to such disorders. Focuses on specific areas in which the microbiota has been implicated in gut-brain communication Examines common mechanisms and pathways by which the microbiota may influence brain and behavior Identifies novel therapeutic strategies targeted toward the microbiota in the management of brain activity and behavior
Book Synopsis Early-life Exposures and Their Impact on Gut Microbiota Assembly by : Kameron Sugino
Download or read book Early-life Exposures and Their Impact on Gut Microbiota Assembly written by Kameron Sugino and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Obesity is a global epidemic and is responsible for increasing burdens on public health. Factors like diet and lifestyle have been investigated as modifiable factors that can help prevent the development of obesity, but another possible mediator of obesity development is the gut microbiome. The gut contains a diverse community of microbes that influences several physiological functions in humans and animals. There have been many studies investigating this association between obesity and the microbiota in adults, however, few studies have been done on the establishment of the infant gut microbiota in the context of its association with maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), breastfeeding and delivery mode. Hypothesis: We expect maternal pre-pregnancy BMI will be associated with altered microbiota composition of women and their children. However, in children, this association will have less of an effect on the gut microbiota than exposure to human milk in the diet.Methods: Fecal samples and participant information were collected from a subset of dyads enrolled in two related prospective cohorts (ARCHGUT and BABYGUT) in Michigan. Sequencing the V4 region of the 16S gene was used to analyze fecal bacterial samples collected from mothers in their third trimester and infants at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months of age. The microbiota data was analyzed using alpha and beta diversity metrics, negative binomial regression to compare taxa abundances between groups and LonGP, a microbiota analysis tool for longitudinal data sets. Results: We found that fecal bacterial communities from overweight women had lower microbiota diversity than communities from normal weight or obese women and beta diversity of overweight women differed from those of normal and obese women at the genus and phylum levels. Infant alpha diversity at 1 month of age differed in membership (Sorensen index) by maternal pre-pregnancy BMI category and also differed by delivery mode and breastfeeding exclusivity. At 6 months of age, fewer infants born to women with pre-pregnancy obesity were breastfeeding compared to infants born to non-obese women (35.7% and 81.8%, respectively). Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and human milk exposure were both significantly associated with alpha and beta diversity of the infant microbiota in univariate analyses. However, in multivariate analyses, human milk exposure accounted for 20% of variation in alpha diversity, but pre-pregnancy BMI was not significantly associated with microbiota diversity. The infant diet at six months was the major determinant of alpha and beta diversity of the infant. In our longitudinal analysis of the infant fecal microbiota from 1 month to 2 years of age, we found that age and participant explained most of the changes in abundance in our dataset. In the top 10 most abundant taxa, human milk exposure and antibiotic exposure at the time of sampling were the only variables important besides age and ID, specifically for Lachnospiraceae unclassified and Bacteroides abundances. Lachnospiraceae abundance was much higher as infants aged, in infants receiving 30.Conclusion: Here, we found several associations between the infant gut microbiota and infant exposures during the first two years of life. Exploring the relationship between gut health and early infant exposures could help develop potential preventative treatments for many gut-linked chronic diseases such as obesity.
Book Synopsis The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease by : Dirk Haller
Download or read book The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease written by Dirk Haller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on how the gut microbiome contributes to human health. The readers will get profound knowledge on the connection between intestinal microbiota and immune defense systems. The tools of choice to study the ecology of these highly-specialized microorganism communities such as high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic mining will be presented. In addition the most common diseases associated to the composition of the gut flora are discussed in detail. The book will address researchers, clinicians and advanced students working in biomedicine, microbiology and immunology.
Book Synopsis The Development of Early Life Gut Microbiota in Health and Allergic Disease by :
Download or read book The Development of Early Life Gut Microbiota in Health and Allergic Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microbiome in Human Health and Disease by : Pallaval Veera Bramhachari
Download or read book Microbiome in Human Health and Disease written by Pallaval Veera Bramhachari and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on how the microbiome contributes to human health and disease. The microbiome has also become a burgeoning field of research in medicine, agriculture & environment. The readers will obtain profound knowledge on the connection between intestinal microbiota and immune defense systems, medicine, agriculture & environment. The book may address several researchers, clinicians and scholars working in biomedicine, microbiology and immunology. The application of new technologies has no doubt revolutionized the research initiatives providing new insights into the dynamics of these complex microbial communities and their role in medicine, agriculture & environment shall be more emphasized. Drawing on broad range concepts of disciplines and model systems, this book primarily provides a conceptual framework for understanding these human-microbe, animal-microbe & plant-microbe, interactions while shedding critical light on the scientific challenges that lie ahead. Furthermore this book explains why microbiome research demands a creative and interdisciplinary thinking—the capacity to combine microbiology with human, animal and plant physiology, ecological theory with immunology, and evolutionary perspectives with metabolic science.This book provides an accessible and authoritative guide to the fundamental principles of microbiome science, an exciting and fast-emerging new discipline that is reshaping many aspects of the life sciences. These microbial partners can also drive ecologically important traits, from thermal tolerance to diet in a typical immune system, and have contributed to animal and plant diversification over long evolutionary timescales. Also this book explains why microbiome research presents a more complete picture of the biology of humans and other animals, and how it can deliver novel therapies for human health and new strategies.
Book Synopsis The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota by : Eugene Rosenberg
Download or read book The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota written by Eugene Rosenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-31 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundbreaking research over the last 10 years has given rise to the hologenome concept of evolution. This concept posits that the holobiont (host plus all of its associated microorganisms) and its hologenome (sum of the genetic information of the host and its symbiotic microorganisms), acting in concert, function as a unique biological entity and therefore as a level of selection in evolution. All animals and plants harbor abundant and diverse microbiota, including viruses. Often the amount of symbiotic microorganisms and their combined genetic information far exceed that of their host. The microbiota with its microbiome, together with the host genome, can be transmitted from one generation to the next and thus propagate the unique properties of the holobiont. The microbial symbionts and the host interact in a cooperative way that affects the health of the holobiont within its environment. Beneficial microbiota protects against pathogens, provides essential nutrients, catabolizes complex polysaccharides, renders harmful chemicals inert, and contributes to the performance of the immune system. In humans and animals, the microbiota also plays a role in behavior. The sum of these cooperative interactions characterizes the holobiont as a unique biological entity. Genetic variation in the hologenome can be brought about by changes in either the host genome or the microbial population genomes (microbiome). Evolution by cooperation can occur by amplifying existing microbes, gaining novel microbiota and by acquiring microbial and viral genes. Under environmental stress, the microbiome can change more rapidly and in response to more processes than the host organism alone and thus influences the evolution of the holobiont. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and phage therapy are discussed as applied aspects of the hologenome concept.
