The Next Pope

Download The Next Pope PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Sophia Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 1644133121
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (441 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Next Pope by : Edward Pentin

Download or read book The Next Pope written by Edward Pentin and published by Sophia Institute Press. This book was released on 2020-07-07 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Watch the Highlights Video of the June 24 live panel discussion from Rome.??????? When Pope Francis' pontificate has passed, it's very likely that one of the nineteen cardinals featured in these pages will be elected to become the next Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church, the spiritual leader of over a billion Catholics and the most influential and widely respected moral and religious figure in the world. Yet outside the Vatican walls, despite the considerable roles that some of these men play in the Church and in the world, few of them are known by the public — or even by their brother cardinals. Hence this book, an engrossing and thoroughly documented instrument through which a future pope may be known

The Next Pope: The Leading Cardinal Candidates

Download The Next Pope: The Leading Cardinal Candidates PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Sophia Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 9781644133118
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (331 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Next Pope: The Leading Cardinal Candidates by : Edward Pentin

Download or read book The Next Pope: The Leading Cardinal Candidates written by Edward Pentin and published by Sophia Institute Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once Pope Francis can no longer serve, it's almost certain that one of the nineteen cardinals featured in these pages will be called by God to become the next pope, the spiritual leader of over a billion Catholics and the most influential and widely respected moral and religious figure in the world. Yet outside the Vatican walls, despite the considerable roles that some of these men play in the Church and in the world, few of them are known by the public or even by their brother cardinals! Hence this book, an engrossing and thoroughly documented tool by which a future pope may be known in that sphere that matters most - namely, his life and service first as a priest and then as a bishop. Written in charity and truth by Edward Pentin, the National Catholic Register's longtime Rome correspondent, these encyclopedic pages present you with the results of years of research by a respected team of international scholars.

The Lighthouse

Download The Lighthouse PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Ignatius Press
ISBN 13 : 1621643662
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (216 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Lighthouse by : Michael O'Brien

Download or read book The Lighthouse written by Michael O'Brien and published by Ignatius Press. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethan McQuarry is a young lighthouse keeper on a tiny island, the rugged outcropping of easternmost Cape Breton Island on the Atlantic Ocean. A man without any family, he sees himself as a silent "vigilant", performing his duties courageously year after year, with an admirable sense of responsibility. He cherishes his solitude and is grateful that his interactions with human beings are rare. Even so, he is haunted by his aloneness in the world and by a feeling that his life is meaningless. His courage, his integrity, his love of the sea and wildlife, of practical skills and of learning are, in the end, not enough. He is faced with internal storms and sometimes literal storms of terrifying power. From time to time he becomes aware that messengers are sent to him from what he calls "the awakeness" in existence, "the listeningness." But he cannot at first recognize them as messengers nor understand what they might be telling him, until he finds himself caught up in catastrophic events, and begins to see the mysterious undercurrents of reality—and the hidden face of love. "They that go down to the sea in ships, trading upon the waters, they see the works of the Lord and his wonders in the deep." - Psalm 107: 23

From Benedict's Peace to Francis's War

Download From Benedict's Peace to Francis's War PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Angelico Press
ISBN 13 : 1621387860
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (213 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis From Benedict's Peace to Francis's War by : Peter Kwasniewski

Download or read book From Benedict's Peace to Francis's War written by Peter Kwasniewski and published by Angelico Press. This book was released on 2021-10-23 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An anthology of 70 essays and articles by prelates and pastors, theologians and canonists, philosophers and cultural figures-including: Cardinal Walter Brandmüller • Cardinal Raymond Leo Burke • Cardinal Gerhard Müller • Cardinal Robert Sarah • Cardinal Joseph Zen • Archbishop Thomas Gullickson • Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò • Bishop Rob Mutsaerts • Bishop Athanasius Schneider • Msgr. Charles Pope • Dom Alcuin Reid • Abbé Claude Barthe • Fr. John Hunwicke • Michael Brendan Dougherty • Ross Douthat • Edward Feser • Michael Fiedrowicz • Peter A. Kwasniewski • Phil Lawler • Martin Mosebach • George Neumayr • Joseph Shaw • and many others Already on July 16, 2021, the reactions to Pope Francis's severe restrictions on the traditional Latin Mass in Traditionis Custodes were like a river in full flood: articles, essays, interviews, podcasts-everywhere and from every point of view. An emotional, spiritual, intellectual dam had broken and the waters of discourse poured forth across the world. The sheer volume of writing occasioned by Traditionis Custodes is unlike anything seen in the history of papal documents-testimony to a neuralgic subject on which arguments proliferate and passions run high. The two-month period following the release of the motu proprio gave proof that the traditionalist movement was no fringe phenomenon, but something that had gained significant strength and sympathy during the relatively peaceful years from 2007 to 2021 (the "Pax Benedictina" to which the book's title refers). The purpose of this volume is to gather in one convenient place some of the finest and most appreciated essays and articles published in the period from mid-July through September of this fateful year, 2021-not only from America and England (although these predominate), but also from other nations: France, Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Argentina, Poland, Kazakhstan, and China. This book is not, and makes no pretense of being, a presentation of "both sides of the argument." It offers a variety of critiques of this profoundly unwise and unpastoral decree, which suffers from incoherent doctrinal foundations, grave moral and juridical defects, and impossible ecclesiological implications.

The Dictator Pope

Download The Dictator Pope PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 162157833X
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (215 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Dictator Pope by : Marcantonio Colonna

Download or read book The Dictator Pope written by Marcantonio Colonna and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marcantonio Colonna's The Dictator Pope has rocked Rome and the entire Catholic Church with its portrait of an authoritarian, manipulative, and politically partisan pontiff. Occupying a privileged perch in Rome during the tumultuous first years of Francis’s pontificate, Colonna was privy to the shock, dismay, and even panic that the reckless new pope engendered in the Church’s most loyal and judicious leaders. The Dictator Pope discloses that Father Mario Bergoglio (the future Pope Francis) was so unsuited for ecclesiastical leadership that the head of his own Jesuit order tried to prevent his appointment as a bishop in Argentina. Behind the benign smile of the "people's pope" Colonna reveals a ruthless autocrat aggressively asserting the powers of the papacy in pursuit of a radical agenda.

Conclave

Download Conclave PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Image
ISBN 13 : 038550456X
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (855 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Conclave by : John Allen

Download or read book Conclave written by John Allen and published by Image. This book was released on 2002-07-23 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A captivating insider’s guide to the politics and personalities that will have a tremendous impact on one of the world’s most secretive and important events–the election of a pope. The next time a conclave unfolds in Rome, some 6,000 journalists are expected to descend on the Eternal City to cover the death of John Paul II and report on the election of his successor. The man in white who emerges from the Sistine Chapel at its conclusion will automatically become one of the most important figures on earth, a leader who commands a unique combination of political and spiritual power. Depending on how he chooses to exercise that power, governments and political systems may rise or fall, religious wars may heat up or abate, and the Church may undergo a radical transformation–from changes in its stances on such issues as sexuality, the place of women in the Church, to the role of the papacy itself. Conclave is a fascinating look at the election process and at what this headline-making occasion will mean to the world. John L. Allen, Jr., takes readers behind the scenes to reveal the issues, parties, and people most likely to determine the outcome. Setting the election within a broader context, he explains why it matters who becomes pope, discusses their role in the modern world, and examines the issues that will form the agenda of the next papacy. Although the book is not intended as a “handicapper’s guide,” Allen does offer his own informed list of the “top twenty” contenders for the position. He creates, as well, a classification system that clarifies the differences among the informal political parties that exist within the College of Cardinals, the body of 130-plus men who will elect John Paul II’s successor. In conclusion, he presents a critical, independent-minded profile of each of those cardinals–for one of them will certainly be the new pope.

A People’s Tragedy

Download A People’s Tragedy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472983874
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A People’s Tragedy by : Eamon Duffy

Download or read book A People’s Tragedy written by Eamon Duffy and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an authority on the religion of medieval and early modern England, Eamon Duffy is preeminent. In his revisionist masterpiece The Stripping of the Altars, Duffy opened up new areas of research and entirely fresh perspectives on the origin and progress of the English Reformation. Duffy's focus has always been on the practices and institutions through which ordinary people lived and experienced their religion, but which the Protestant reformers abolished as idolatry and superstition. The first part of A People's Tragedy examines the two most important of these institutions: the rise and fall of pilgrimage to the cathedral shrines of England, and the destruction of the monasteries under Henry VIII, as exemplified by the dissolution of the ancient Anglo-Saxon monastery of Ely. In the title essay of the volume, Duffy tells the harrowing story of the Elizabethan regime's savage suppression of the last Catholic rebellion against the Reformation, the Rising of the Northern Earls in 1569. In the second half of the book Duffy considers the changing ways in which the Reformation has been thought and written about: the evolution of Catholic portrayals of Martin Luther, from hostile caricature to partial approval; the role of historians of the Reformation in the emergence of English national identity; and the improbable story of the twentieth century revival of Anglican and Catholic pilgrimage to the medieval Marian shrine of Walsingham. Finally, he considers the changing ways in which attitudes to the Reformation have been reflected in fiction, culminating with Hilary Mantel's gripping trilogy on the rise and fall of Henry VIII's political and religious fixer, Thomas Cromwell, and her controversial portrayal of Cromwell's Catholic opponent and victim, Sir Thomas More.

Immortal Combat

Download Immortal Combat PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Sophia Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 1644132915
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (441 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Immortal Combat by : Fr. Dwight Longenecker

Download or read book Immortal Combat written by Fr. Dwight Longenecker and published by Sophia Institute Press. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, far too many leading Christians water down the robust teachings of our Faith. Ignoring Christ's clear example and constant demand that we boldly confront evils, they preach an amicable, nonconfrontational, feel-good gospel. Instead of teaching the faithful to edify and enjoin the wayward, they urge them to pacify and submit . . . with catastrophic results personally, for the Church, and for society at large. Now comes Fr. Dwight Longenecker with this potent book that shows how, by engaging in the lost art of spiritual warfare, good Christians can cure this trend and repair the extensive damage it has caused. Here, without fear or favor, Longenecker maps out the myriad places where evil lurks in our world, shines a light on its many faces, and details the countless clever tricks it uses to hide. He delineates ten sturdy principles that must motivate all Christian warriors who hope to expunge evil and stop it from ret

Inside the Vatican

Download Inside the Vatican PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674418018
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (744 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Inside the Vatican by : Thomas J. Reese S.J.

Download or read book Inside the Vatican written by Thomas J. Reese S.J. and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1998-02-19 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are one billion Catholics in the world today, spread over every continent, speaking almost every conceivable language, and all answering to a single authority. The Vatican is a unique international organization, both in terms of its extraordinary power and influence, and in terms of its endurance. Popes come and go, but the elaborate and complex bureaucracy called the Vatican lives on. For centuries, it has served and sometimes undermined popes; it has been praised and blamed for the actions of the pope and for the state of the church. Yet an objective examination of the workings of the Vatican has been unavailable until now. Drawing on more than a hundred interviews with Vatican officials, this book affords a firsthand look at the people, the politics, and the organization behind the institution. Reese brings remarkable clarity to the almost Byzantine bureaucracy of congregations, agencies, secretariats, tribunals, nunciature, and offices, showing how they serve the pope and, through him, the universal church. He gives a lively account of how popes are elected and bishops appointed, how dissident theologians are disciplined and civil authorities dealt with. Throughout, revealing and colorful anecdotes from church history and the present day bring the unique culture of the Vatican to life. The Vatican is a fascinating institution, a model of continuity and adaptation, which remains constant while functioning powerfully in a changing world. As never before, this book provides a clear, objective perspective on how the enormously complex institution surrounding the papacy operates on a day-to-day level, how it has adapted and endured for close to two thousand years, and how it is likely to face the challenges of the next millennium.

A Companion to the Early Modern Cardinal

Download A Companion to the Early Modern Cardinal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004415440
Total Pages : 723 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Companion to the Early Modern Cardinal by : Mary Hollingsworth

Download or read book A Companion to the Early Modern Cardinal written by Mary Hollingsworth and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-12-30 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive overview of its subject in any language. Its thirty-five essays explain who cardinals were, what they did in Rome and beyond, for the Church and for wider society.

Prisoner of the Vatican

Download Prisoner of the Vatican PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : HMH
ISBN 13 : 0547347162
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (473 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Prisoner of the Vatican by : David I. Kertzer

Download or read book Prisoner of the Vatican written by David I. Kertzer and published by HMH. This book was released on 2006-02-20 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Pulitzer Prize winner’s “fascinating” account of the political battles that led to the end of the Papal States (Entertainment Weekly). From a National Book Award–nominated author, this absorbing history chronicles the birth of modern Italy and the clandestine politics behind the Vatican’s last stand in the battle between the church and the newly created Italian state. When Italy’s armies seized the Holy City and claimed it for the Italian capital, Pope Pius IX, outraged, retreated to the Vatican and declared himself a prisoner, calling on foreign powers to force the Italians out of Rome. The action set in motion decades of political intrigue that hinged on such fascinating characters as Garibaldi, King Viktor Emmanuel, Napoleon III, and Chancellor Bismarck. Drawing on a wealth of secret documents long buried in the Vatican archives, David I. Kertzer reveals a fascinating story of outrageous accusations, mutual denunciations, and secret dealings that will leave readers hard-pressed to ever think of Italy, or the Vatican, in the same way again. “A rousing tale of clerical skullduggery and topsy-turvy politics, laced with plenty of cross-border intrigue.” —Kirkus Reviews, starred review

Ascend

Download Ascend PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Paulist Press
ISBN 13 : 9780809146215
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (462 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ascend by : Eric Stoltz

Download or read book Ascend written by Eric Stoltz and published by Paulist Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a contemporary, scripture-rich, and visual exploration of the Catholic faith for young adults. There are chapter profiles on Christian role models from both ancient and modern times, and discussions of contemporary events from a Christian perspective. (Adapted from back cover).

The Pope and Mussolini

Download The Pope and Mussolini PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198716168
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Pope and Mussolini by : David I. Kertzer

Download or read book The Pope and Mussolini written by David I. Kertzer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The compelling story of Pope Pius XI's secret relations with Benito Mussolini. A ground-breaking work, based on seven years of research in the Vatican and Fascist archives by US National Book Award-finalist David Kertzer, it will forever change our understanding of the Vatican's role in the rise of Fascism in Europe.

Eight Popes and the Crisis of Modernity

Download Eight Popes and the Crisis of Modernity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Ignatius Press
ISBN 13 : 1642291129
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Eight Popes and the Crisis of Modernity by : Russell Shaw

Download or read book Eight Popes and the Crisis of Modernity written by Russell Shaw and published by Ignatius Press. This book was released on 2020-05-06 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assaults on the dignity and rights of the human person have been central to the ongoing crisis of the modern era in the last hundred years. This book takes a searching look at the roots of this problem and the various approaches to it by the eight men who led the Catholic Church in the twentieth century, from Pope St. Pius X and his crusade against "Modernism" to Pope St. John Paul II and his appeal for a renewed rapprochement between faith and reason. Thus it offers a distinctive, illuminating interpretation of recent world events viewed through the lens of an ancient institution, the papacy, a key champion of human rights under attack in modern times. The fascinating story is told through short profiles of the eight popes combining crucial, often little known, facts about each by an author who is a veteran observer of Church affairs, a former top official of the conference of bishops of the USA, and consultant to the Vatican. It is written clearly and simply, but with carefully documented precision. A special feature are the substantial excerpts from the writ- ings of the popes that give important insights into their personalities and thinking. It also includes a useful overview of the Second Vatican Council (1962-65) and its pivotal role in reshaping the Catholic Church. Eight Popes and the Crisis of Modernity contains judgments that will be challenged by partisans of both liberal and conservative ideological persuasions. But serious and open-minded readers, Catholics and non-Catholics alike, will find it an informative, timely, and inspiring guide to understanding many central events and issues of our times, while students of Church history will find it indispensable.

Benedict XVI: A Life Volume One

Download Benedict XVI: A Life Volume One PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472979206
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Benedict XVI: A Life Volume One by : Peter Seewald

Download or read book Benedict XVI: A Life Volume One written by Peter Seewald and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By any reckoning, the papacy of Pope Benedict XVI was extraordinary, with moments of high drama. Not the least of these was his resignation from office in February 2013, the first papal resignation in 500 years. But who is Joseph Ratzinger? In this definitive biography, based on meticulous historical research and many hours of taped interviews with his subject, Peter Seewald shows the exceptional circumstances in which the exceptionally talented son of a Bavarian policeman became the first German pope for 950 years. In this first volume, covering the years 1927–1965, we witness Joseph Ratzinger's early days, living above his father's police station. Ratzinger came to adulthood through the years of National Socialism. Though hostile to the rise of Hitler, his family knew well about Dachau and Ratzinger himself was conscripted into the Hitler Youth. Joseph Ratzinger proved to be a man of exceptional intellectual gifts and by the time of the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) he was already noted as one of the outstanding intellects present and was nominated a 'peritus' or theological expert. This was also the time of the start of his friendship with the Swiss theologian Hans Küng who was to become his nemesis. Of his predecessor, Pope Francis has said: 'Pope Benedict was a great Pope, great for the penetration of his intelligence, great for his important contribution to theology, great for his love of the Church and human beings, great for his virtues and faith'. Even in this first volume, we begin to understand how this came to be true.

Vatican Secret Diplomacy

Download Vatican Secret Diplomacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300148216
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Vatican Secret Diplomacy by : Charles R. Gallagher

Download or read book Vatican Secret Diplomacy written by Charles R. Gallagher and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008-06-10 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the corridors of the Vatican on the eve of World War II, American Catholic priest Joseph Patrick Hurley found himself in the midst of secret diplomatic dealings and intense debate. Hurley’s deeply felt American patriotism and fixed ideas about confronting Nazism directly led to a mighty clash with Pope Pius XII. It was 1939, the earliest days of Pius’s papacy, and controversy within the Vatican over policy toward Nazi Germany was already heated. This groundbreaking book is both a biography of Joseph Hurley, the first American to achieve the rank of nuncio, or Vatican ambassador, and an insider’s view of the alleged silence of the pope on the Holocaust and Nazism. Drawing on Hurley’s unpublished archives, the book documents critical debates in Pope Pius’s Vatican, secret U.S.-Vatican dealings, the influence of Detroit’s flamboyant anti-Semitic priest Charles E. Coughlin, and the controversial case of Croatia’s Cardinal Stepinac. The book also sheds light on the powerful connections between religion and politics in the twentieth century.

Wounded Shepherd

Download Wounded Shepherd PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Macmillan + ORM
ISBN 13 : 1250119391
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (51 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wounded Shepherd by : Austen Ivereigh

Download or read book Wounded Shepherd written by Austen Ivereigh and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following his critically acclaimed The Great Reformer, Austen Ivereigh's colorful, clear-eyed portrait of Pope Francis takes us inside the Vatican's urgent debate over the future of the church in Wounded Shepherd. This deeply contextual biography centers on the tensions generated by the pope’s attempt to turn the Church away from power and tradition and outwards to engage humanity with God’s mercy. Through battles with corrupt bankers and worldly cardinals, in turbulent meetings and on global trips, history’s first Latin-American pope has attempted to reshape the Church to evangelize the contemporary age. At the same time, he has stirred other leaders’ deep-seated fear that the Church is capitulating to modernity—leaders who have challenged his bid to create a more welcoming, attentive institution. Facing rebellions over his allowing sacraments for the divorced and his attempt to create a more "ecological" Catholicism, as well as a firestorm of criticism for the Church’s record on sexual abuse, Francis emerges as a leader of remarkable vision and skill with a relentless spiritual focus—a leader who is at peace in the turmoil surrounding him. With entertaining anecdotes, insider accounts, and expert analysis, Ivereigh’s journey through the key episodes of Francis’s reform in Rome and the wider Church brings into sharp focus the frustrations and fury, as well as the joys and successes, of one of the most remarkable pontificates of the contemporary age.