The New Soldier in the Age of Asymmetric Conflict

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Author :
Publisher : Vij Books India Pvt Ltd
ISBN 13 : 9382573437
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (825 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Soldier in the Age of Asymmetric Conflict by : Dr. Rumu Sarkar

Download or read book The New Soldier in the Age of Asymmetric Conflict written by Dr. Rumu Sarkar and published by Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text for the NEW SOLDIER deals with the causes, symptoms and solutions to global terrorism, particularly Jihadist Islamic-based terrorism. The book is an expanded version of the essay “A Fearful Symmetry: A New Global Balance of Power?” for which the author was awarded the 2007 Grand Prize by the St Cyr Foundation, which supports the St. Cyr military academy established by Napoleon Bonaparte – in effect, France’s West Point. The work was unanimously awarded the First (Grand) Prize by a jury of four distinguished panelists, and later translated and published in French under the title, “Une Symétrie de la Peur : Vers un Nouvel Equilibre Mondial Des Puissances ? “ (Paul Wormser, trans.)(CLD Éditions, November 2008). The New Soldier is, in essence, a traditional soldier but one who is endowed with compassion, empathy and cultural understanding. This soldier is better able to navigate through the unknown terrain of ideological, emotional and psychological conflicts within the realm of global terrorism. The New Soldier is a strategic tool in combating global terrorism, and may be immediately deployed in multilateral forces. The practical uses of the New Soldier in the context of fragile states, particularly in terms of stabilizing and reconstructing war-torn or collapsed states by multilateral forces is analyzed in great depth in the book.

Leaders for Tomorrow: Challenges for Military Leadership in the Age of Asymmetric Warfare

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783030717155
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Leaders for Tomorrow: Challenges for Military Leadership in the Age of Asymmetric Warfare by : Marina Nuciari

Download or read book Leaders for Tomorrow: Challenges for Military Leadership in the Age of Asymmetric Warfare written by Marina Nuciari and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of bipolarism, the concept of asymmetric warfare, and of asymmetric conflict in general, has been increasingly applied with regard to armed forces activities and tasks. This book presents the findings of comparative empirical research conducted in selected military units by a group of distinguished experts on military organization, who hail from the eight participating countries: Bulgaria, Cameroon, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Lithuania, the Philippines and Spain. It discusses remarks made by military leaders with extensive experience in the field regarding current doctrines on military leadership and their applicability in the field, as well as proposals and suggestions for new directions. "It is a complex relation, always based on respect and politeness, but often with mismatched interests." (Army Colonel). "It makes you realize that there is a cultural gap. You must firstly understand who you are going to relate to, and the culture of these people, and then try to establish a certain kind of relationship. Often the platoon commander states his objective and must try to establish a relationship, contact with the village chief." (Army Lieutenant, Platoon Commander). "[In Afghanistan] We had meals with the locals, sometimes the food didn't taste good, but you had to eat it if you wanted to be welcomed back again" (Army Captain, Company Commander). These are just some of the many voices stemming from the ground in diverse international asymmetric conflict theatres (in Iraq, in Kosovo, in Afghanistan...), comments by military officers, commanders at different hierarchical levels, asked to reflect on their experiences as military leaders in crisis response operations. Military professionals, and military leaders in particular, perceive themselves as facing ambiguous situations that require an update in their professional training, and new skills to confront unexpected and unpredictable factors. Drawing on lived experiences, the book offers insights into what a new kind of leadership means when leaders have to cope with diverse and unclear missions. It also addresses leadership styles and behaviours, as well as individual adaptive behaviours on the part of military leaders, with special reference to middle and middle-high level ranks, such as captains, majors and colonels. Given its scope, the book will appeal not only to military professionals and military affairs scholars and experts, but also to readers interested in gaining a better understanding of the challenges that international expeditionary units are facing in crisis areas around the globe. .

The New Soldier in the Age of Asymmetric Conflict

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Author :
Publisher : Vij Books India Pvt Ltd
ISBN 13 : 9382573429
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (825 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Soldier in the Age of Asymmetric Conflict by : Rumu Sarkar

Download or read book The New Soldier in the Age of Asymmetric Conflict written by Rumu Sarkar and published by Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2013-01-30 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text for the NEW SOLDIER deals with the causes, symptoms and solutions to global terrorism, particularly Jihadist Islamic-based terrorism. The book is an expanded version of the essay “A Fearful Symmetry: A New Global Balance of Power?” for which the author was awarded the 2007 Grand Prize by the St Cyr Foundation, which supports the St. Cyr military academy established by Napoleon Bonaparte – in effect, France’s West Point. The work was unanimously awarded the First (Grand) Prize by a jury of four distinguished panelists, and later translated and published in French under the title, “Une Symétrie de la Peur : Vers un Nouvel Equilibre Mondial Des Puissances ? “ (Paul Wormser, trans.)(CLD Éditions, November 2008). The New Soldier is, in essence, a traditional soldier but one who is endowed with compassion, empathy and cultural understanding. This soldier is better able to navigate through the unknown terrain of ideological, emotional and psychological conflicts within the realm of global terrorism. The New Soldier is a strategic tool in combating global terrorism, and may be immediately deployed in multilateral forces. The practical uses of the New Soldier in the context of fragile states, particularly in terms of stabilizing and reconstructing war-torn or collapsed states by multilateral forces is analyzed in great depth in the book.

A Fearful Symmetry

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Author :
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 : 9780313382321
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (823 download)

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Book Synopsis A Fearful Symmetry by : Rumu Sarkar

Download or read book A Fearful Symmetry written by Rumu Sarkar and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title provides a new and original framework for analysis of global terrorism, with a view to understanding and resolving Islamic-based, fundamentalist jihadism. In A Fearful Symmetry: The New Soldier in the Age of Asymmetric Conflict Professor Rumu Sarkar deploys a new set of analytical techniques to frame the phenomenon of global terrorism in a way that is both illuminating and fruitful in its practical applications for NATO, UN, and AU forces. With innovative conceptual tools developed in her essay, "Une Symétrie de la Peur," which was the Prix Fondation Saint-Cyr 2007 essay award winner, Sarkar uses the dialectic method to construct in A Fearful Symmetry a new critical paradigm to resolve the underlying tensions leading to global terrorism. Integral to this paradigm is Sarkar's transformational model of the New Soldier: a warrior who uses compassion, empathy, and cultural understanding as strategic weapons of war in order to definitively end the Fearful Symmetry. These intellectual skills and emotional capabilities must be inculcated in the New Soldier, not as moral imperatives, but as key operational assets for combating global jihadism and resolving the conflicts and tensions that lead to global conflict. A Fearful Symmetry tests its paradigm against case studies of the dialectics of terrorism in failed states (e.g., Somalia, Sudan, Afghanistan, Sierra Leone) and non-failed states (including Pakistan, Indonesia, and the Philippines), the stalemates blocking state-centered solutions of zero-sum counterclaims, as in Palestine, Western Sahara, and Kashmir, and the promise of new forms of multilateral, multinational, multicultural, and multilingual task force cooperation exemplified by the experimental partnership between NATO and AU Standby Forces. - Includes graphs and charts - Provides a map of Islam in Africa

Moral Dilemmas of Modern War

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521866154
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Dilemmas of Modern War by : Michael L. Gross

Download or read book Moral Dilemmas of Modern War written by Michael L. Gross and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide for policy makers, military officers, students, and anyone else interested in asymmetric conflicts.

Warfare in the Age of Non-State Actors

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Author :
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781470141455
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (414 download)

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Book Synopsis Warfare in the Age of Non-State Actors by : Kendall D. Gott

Download or read book Warfare in the Age of Non-State Actors written by Kendall D. Gott and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2007-12-31 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The annual Combat Studies Institute Military History Symposium provides a forum for the interchange of ideas on historical topics pertinent to the current doctrinal concerns of the United States Army. Furthermore, the Symposium solicits input from a diverse group of military personnel, government historians, civilian academicians, journalists and thinkers in a setting that promotes the exchange of ideas and information. The 2007 symposium's theme, "Warfare in the Age of Non-State Actors: Implications for the US Army" explored the challenges associated with conflict between nation states and transnational religious, ethnic, or criminal groups. It examined the historical experiences of both the United States and other nations in this most asymmetric of environments in an attempt to distill the insights from the past can provide us guidance into the future. In addition to the many excellent panelists who presented their research, this year we were fortunate again to have a number very distinguished featured speakers. Representative Ike Skelton IV and General (Retired) Barry R. McCaffrey not only addressed the symposium, but the entire student body of the Command and General Staff College. Lieutenant General William B. Caldwell IV, Commanding General of the Combined Arms Center at Fort Leavenworth shared his recent experience in Iraq as the Director of Strategic Effects for Multination Forces-Iraq. These proceedings contain the papers and presentations of all the speakers and panelists, as well as the transcriptions of selected question and answer periods following the presentations. These annual symposia continue to be an important event, for the past has much to offer in the analysis of contemporary military challenges. The Army also continues to derive many important insights from non-military historians and thinkers who add to the Army's own historical efforts.

Armed Conflict in the 21st Century

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Armed Conflict in the 21st Century by : Steven Metz

Download or read book Armed Conflict in the 21st Century written by Steven Metz and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

New Battlefields/Old Laws

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Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231526563
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis New Battlefields/Old Laws by : William C. Banks

Download or read book New Battlefields/Old Laws written by William C. Banks and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-25 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An internationally-recognized authority on constitutional law, national security law, and counterterrorism, William C. Banks believes changing patterns of global conflict are forcing a reexamination of the traditional laws of war. The Hague Rules, the customary laws of war, and the post-1949 law of armed conflict no longer account for nonstate groups waging prolonged campaigns of terrorism—or even more conventional insurgent attacks. Recognizing that many of today's conflicts are low-intensity, asymmetrical wars fought between disparate military forces, Banks's collection analyzes nonstate armed groups and irregular forces (such as terrorist and insurgent groups, paramilitaries, child soldiers, civilians participating in hostilities, and private military firms) and their challenge to international humanitarian law. Both he and his contributors believe gaps in the laws of war leave modern battlefields largely unregulated, and they fear state parties suffer without guidelines for responding to terrorists and their asymmetrical tactics, such as the targeting of civilians. These gaps also embolden weaker, nonstate combatants to exploit forbidden strategies and violate the laws of war. Attuned to the contested nature of post-9/11 security and policy, this collection juxtaposes diverse perspectives on existing laws and their application in contemporary conflict. It sets forth a legal definition of new wars, describes the status of new actors, charts the evolution of the twenty-first-century battlefield, and balances humanitarian priorities with military necessity. While the contributors contest each other, they ultimately reestablish the legitimacy of a long-standing legal corpus, and they rehumanize an environment in which the most vulnerable targets, civilian populations, are themselves becoming weapons against conventional power.

From Bullies to Officers and Gentlemen

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Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1789202957
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis From Bullies to Officers and Gentlemen by : Humphrey Asamoah Agyekum

Download or read book From Bullies to Officers and Gentlemen written by Humphrey Asamoah Agyekum and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on unprecedented access to the Ghanaian military barracks and inspired by the recent resurgence of coups in West Africa, Agyekum assesses why and how the Ghana Armed Forces were transformed from an organization that actively orchestrated coups into an institution that accepts the authority of the democratically elected civilian government. Focusing on the process of professionalization of the Ghanaian military, this ethnography based monograph examines both historical and contemporary themes, and assesses the shift in military personnel from ‘Buga Buga’ soldiers – uneducated, lower-class soldiers, human rights abusers – to a more ‘modern’ fighting force.

The New Face of War

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Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1439137501
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Face of War by : Bruce D. Berkowitz

Download or read book The New Face of War written by Bruce D. Berkowitz and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2010-05-11 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As American and coalition troops fight the first battles of this new century -- from Afghanistan to Yemen to the Philippines to Iraq -- they do so in ways never before seen. Until recently, information war was but one piece of a puzzle, more than a sideshow in war but far less than the sum total of the game. Today, however, we find information war revolutionizing combat, from top to bottom. Gone are the advantages of fortified positions -- nothing is impregnable any longer. Gone is the reason to create an overwhelming mass of troops -- now, troop concentrations merely present easier targets. Instead, stealth, swarming, and "zapping" (precision strikes on individuals or equipment) are the order of the day, based on superior information and lightning-fast decision-making. In many ways, modern warfare is information warfare. Bruce Berkowitz's explanation of how information war revolutionized combat and what it means for our soldiers could not be better timed. As Western forces wage war against terrorists and their supporters, in actions large and small, on several continents, The New Face of War explains how they fight and how they will win or lose. There are four key dynamics to the new warfare: asymmetric threats, in which even the strongest armies may suffer from at least one Achilles' heel; information-technology competition, in which advantages in computers and communications are crucial; the race of decision cycles, in which the first opponent to process and react to information effectively is almost certain to win; and network organization, in which fluid arrays of combat forces can spontaneously organize in multiple ways to fight any given opponent at any time. America's use of networked, elite ground forces, in combination with precision-guided bombing from manned and unmanned flyers, turned Afghanistan from a Soviet graveyard into a lopsided field of American victory. Yet we are not invulnerable, and the same technology that we used in Kuwait in 1991 is now available to anyone with a credit card and access to the Internet. Al Qaeda is adept in the new model of war, and has searched long and hard for weaknesses in our defenses. Will we be able to stay ahead of its thinking? In Iraq, Saddam's army is in no position to defeat its enemies -- but could it defend Baghdad? As the world anxiously considers these and other questions of modern war, Bruce Berkowitz offers many answers and a framework for understanding combat that will never again resemble the days of massive marches on fortress-like positions. The New Face of War is a crucial guidebook for reading the headlines from across our troubled planet.

Modern Warfare

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Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 142891689X
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Warfare by : Roger Trinquier

Download or read book Modern Warfare written by Roger Trinquier and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1964 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

International Development Law

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030400719
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis International Development Law by : Rumu Sarkar

Download or read book International Development Law written by Rumu Sarkar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-26 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how international development works, its shortcomings, its theoretical and practical foundations, along with prescriptions for the future. International Development Law provides the reader with new perspectives on the origins of global poverty, identifies legal impediments to sustainable economic growth, and provides a better understanding of the challenges faced by the international community in resolving global poverty issues. The text is structured into two basic parts: the first part deals with the theoretical and philosophic foundations of the subject, and the second part sets forth issues relating to the international financial architecture, namely, international borrowing practices, privatization, and emerging economies. In particular, the book provides new, innovative analysis on corruption as an impediment to sustainable development. The three interlocking facets of corruption are examined: transnational organized crime, Islamic-based international terrorism, and corruption within emerging economies and the international banking system. Thus fresh new analysis adds depth and clarity to a field that heretofore has been scattered and superficial. Finally, the “right to development” within the international human rights discourse is critically reviewed, particularly in light of new jurisprudence emerging from the African context.This book offers a fresh, new and balanced legal perspective on the development process. The text has been rigorously researched and has many practical facets based on the author’s professional experience within the international development field. It is an invaluable research and teaching tool since it takes a multidisciplinary approach to putting complex issues, legal trends and political questions into a clear, new perspective that is highly analytical as well as accessible to the reader. The author's elegant legal prose is both powerful and persuasive.

Leaders for Tomorrow: Challenges for Military Leadership in the Age of Asymmetric Warfare

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030717143
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Leaders for Tomorrow: Challenges for Military Leadership in the Age of Asymmetric Warfare by : Marina Nuciari

Download or read book Leaders for Tomorrow: Challenges for Military Leadership in the Age of Asymmetric Warfare written by Marina Nuciari and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-09 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of bipolarism, the concept of asymmetric warfare, and of asymmetric conflict in general, has been increasingly applied with regard to armed forces activities and tasks. This book presents the findings of comparative empirical research conducted in selected military units by a group of distinguished experts on military organization, who hail from the eight participating countries: Bulgaria, Cameroon, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Lithuania, the Philippines and Spain. It discusses remarks made by military leaders with extensive experience in the field regarding current doctrines on military leadership and their applicability in the field, as well as proposals and suggestions for new directions. “It is a complex relation, always based on respect and politeness, but often with mismatched interests.” (Army Colonel). “It makes you realize that there is a cultural gap. You must firstly understand who you are going to relate to, and the culture of these people, and then try to establish a certain kind of relationship. Often the platoon commander states his objective and must try to establish a relationship, contact with the village chief.” (Army Lieutenant, Platoon Commander). “[In Afghanistan] We had meals with the locals, sometimes the food didn’t taste good, but you had to eat it if you wanted to be welcomed back again” (Army Captain, Company Commander). These are just some of the many voices stemming from the ground in diverse international asymmetric conflict theatres (in Iraq, in Kosovo, in Afghanistan...), comments by military officers, commanders at different hierarchical levels, asked to reflect on their experiences as military leaders in crisis response operations. Military professionals, and military leaders in particular, perceive themselves as facing ambiguous situations that require an update in their professional training, and new skills to confront unexpected and unpredictable factors. Drawing on lived experiences, the book offers insights into what a new kind of leadership means when leaders have to cope with diverse and unclear missions. It also addresses leadership styles and behaviours, as well as individual adaptive behaviours on the part of military leaders, with special reference to middle and middle-high level ranks, such as captains, majors and colonels. Given its scope, the book will appeal not only to military professionals and military affairs scholars and experts, but also to readers interested in gaining a better understanding of the challenges that international expeditionary units are facing in crisis areas around the globe.

Towards Pan-Africanism

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811989443
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards Pan-Africanism by : Stephen M. Magu

Download or read book Towards Pan-Africanism written by Stephen M. Magu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-11 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the development and impact of regional economic communities (RECs) in Africa and addresses a timely question: do REC members, and the REC itself, positively influence member states’ behaviors towards other members and more broadly, regionally and continentally due to REC membership? ‘Changing member states’ behaviors’ is measured across three ‘interconnected, fundamental dimensions of societal-systems’ proposed by Marshall and Elzinga Marshall in CSP’s Global Repot 2017. These are i) the persistence of conflict or its counterpoint, achieving peace, ii) fostering democratization and better governance, and iii) achieving socio-economic development and (as proposed by this research, a fourth dimension), iv) being active participants in multilateralism? Is membership in a REC ultimately beneficial to the member and other countries in the region? While there are no clear and obvious – at least, discernible traditional – benefits such as increase in trade (perhaps because Africa’s overall trade relative to the world is about 3 percent), there are other non trade benefits (e.g., decrease in conflict, coercion to take certain actions towards peace and refrain from others, coups and wars) presenting in REC member states. These in/actions, abilities, coercions, exclusions and cooperation instances are outlined and discussed in the book.

We Were Caught Unprepared

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Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437923046
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis We Were Caught Unprepared by : Matt M. Matthews

Download or read book We Were Caught Unprepared written by Matt M. Matthews and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. The fact that the outcome of the 2006 Hezbollah-Israeli War was, at best, a stalemate for Israel has confounded military analysts. Long considered the most professional and powerful army in the Middle East, with a history of impressive military victories against its enemies, the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) emerged from the campaign with its enemies undefeated and its prestige tarnished. This historical analysis of the war includes an examination of IDF and Hezbollah doctrine prior to the war, as well as an overview of the operational and tactical problems encountered by the IDF during the war. The IDF ground forces were tactically unprepared and untrained to fight against a determined Hezbollah force. ¿An insightful, comprehensive examination of the war.¿ Illustrations.

The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of War

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199944393
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of War by : Seth Lazar

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of War written by Seth Lazar and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen a resurgence of interest, among both philosophers, legal scholars, and military experts, on the ethics of war. Due in part due to post 9/11 events, this resurgence is also due to a growing theoretical sophistication among scholars in this area. Recently there has been very influential work published on the justificaton of killing in self-defense and war, and the topic of the ethics of war is now more important than ever as a discrete field. The 28 commissioned chapters in this Handbook will present a comprehensive overview of the field as well as make significant and novel contributions, and collectively they will set the terms of the debate for the next decade. Lazar and Frowe will invite the leading scholars in the field to write on topics that are new to them, making the volume a compilation of fresh ideas rather than a rehash of earlier work. The volume will be dicided into five sections: Method, History, Resort, Conduct, and Aftermath. The contributors will be a mix of junior and senior figures, and will include well known scholars like Michael Walzer, Jeff McMahan, and David Rodin.

Ethics and Activism

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521580977
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Activism by : Michael L. Gross

Download or read book Ethics and Activism written by Michael L. Gross and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-08-28 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responsible citizens are expected to combine ethical judgement with judiciously exercised social activism to preserve the moral foundation of democratic society and prevent political injustice. But do they? Utilizing a research model integrating insights from rational choice theory and cognitive developmental psychology this book, first published in 1997, carefully explores three exemplary cases of morally inspired activism: Jewish rescue in wartime Europe, abortion politics in the United States, and peace and settler activism in Israel. From all three analyses a single conclusion emerges: the most politically competent individuals are, most often, the least morally competent. This is the central paradox of political morality. These findings cast doubt on strong models of political morality characterized by enlightened moral reasoning and concerted political action while affirming alternative weak models that fuse activism with sectarian moral interests. They provide empirical support to further upend the liberal vision of democratic character, education, and society.