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The Nature Of Informed Option Trading Evidence From The Takeover Market
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Book Synopsis The nature of informed option trading: Evidence from the takeover market by : Marco Klapper
Download or read book The nature of informed option trading: Evidence from the takeover market written by Marco Klapper and published by Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag). This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the kind of information ‘informed’ traders have prior to a takeover announcement using options of target firms and elaborates on the cross-sectional relationship between options and stocks around takeover announcements. Financial markets are driven by information and by individuals that generate, process, and disclose this information to the market. Naturally, there have to be individuals who possess more information about a firm or a future event than other market participants. Mergers and acquisitions are particularly interesting events in this regard because they can have significant implications for the firms and stakeholders involved, as well as for the competitive dynamics in the respective market. Because of the large potential price impact of such transactions, traders with private information about a prospective takeover are expected to trade on this information to make a profit. But who are these ‘informed traders’ and what kind of information do they possess? This study tries to give a respond to this question.
Book Synopsis Informed Options Trading Prior to Takeovers - Does the Regulatory Environment Matter? by : Edward Podolski
Download or read book Informed Options Trading Prior to Takeovers - Does the Regulatory Environment Matter? written by Edward Podolski and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the prevalence of informed options trading prior to takeover announcements, when the legal prohibition against insider trading is strictest. Although insider trading laws apply equally to the options and stock markets, the options market is considerably more transparent than the equity market, which makes insider trading in options more easily detectable. We find that privately informed investors trade in the options market prior to takeover announcements; however, their transactions are limited to liquid call options and options with high inherent leverage. Furthermore, we find that prior to takeover announcements, informed investors trade on their private information in the options market only when a SEC investigation of insider trading is unlikely to occur. Our results suggest that even prior to takeover announcements informed investors are attracted to the options market, which increases profit making potential due the greater leverage it affords, although they trade in a way which minimizes the likelihood of detection.
Book Synopsis The nature of informed option trading by : Marco Klapper
Download or read book The nature of informed option trading written by Marco Klapper and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-09-25 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 8.5 (A+), Erasmus University Rotterdam (Rotterdam School of Management), language: English, abstract: This thesis examines the kind of information “informed” traders have prior to a takeover announcement using options of target firms. I find that option liquidity rises before a takeover announcement, indicating the presence of informed traders. Using 2,390 M&A events, I show that the implied volatility (IV) skew and the relative option-to-stock trading volume O/S predict negatively on target announcement returns, but that the difference between implied volatilities of calls and puts (IV spread) has no predictive power. The main results indicate that the predictive power of these three informed option trading proxies increases if target management is entrenched and if the bidder and the target are in the same industry. I conclude that informed trading is partially driven by industry insiders with specific knowledge about the future acquisition. However, the results are only significant for one or two informed option trading proxies at a time.
Book Synopsis Three Essays on Informed Trading by : Hamed Khadivar
Download or read book Three Essays on Informed Trading written by Hamed Khadivar and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How pervasive is informed trading around takeover rumors? This dissertation tackles this research question from three different following aspects. First, we examine insider trading surrounding takeover rumors in a sample of publicly traded U.S. firms. We find that insider net-purchases increase within the year prior to the first publication of a takeover rumor, particularly when rumor articles are either accurate (lead to a takeover announcement) or informative (provide substantial justification for the rumor's publication). Moreover, we find abnormal insider trading to be a significant predictor of takeover announcements occurring within the following year. Finally, trading patterns differ between different types of insiders in both the pre- and post-rumor periods. Second, we examine the possibility of informed institutional trading around takeover rumors. We find that pension plan sponsors and money managers are net-buyers in firms which will become subject to takeover speculation within the following seven days. This activity is significant in predicting which rumored firms will eventually receive takeover bids. Furthermore, we find that institutions on average reverse their trades and engage in significant selling on and after the rumor date, even in those firms which will become subject to a takeover announcement. Third, we investigate and quantify the pervasiveness of informed trading in the equity options of rumored takeover targets. We find that the volume of options traded is abnormally high over the 5-day pre-rumor period, primarily due to the number of out-of-the-money call options traded. In addition, the direction of option trades prior to takeover rumors predicts forthcoming takeover announcements and rumor date returns. Identifying suspicious trades, we find evidence of individuals trading on knowledge of takeover rumor candidacy in the options market. Our results further indicate that informed traders prefer the options market to the equity market.
Book Synopsis The Efficacy of Regulatory Intervention by : Ronald C. Anderson
Download or read book The Efficacy of Regulatory Intervention written by Ronald C. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantive body of equity-market academic research documents an extensive range of costs arising from the SEC's October 2000 adoption of strictures on selective disclosure and insider trading; suggesting an unusual outcome, specifically, an increase in informed trading. We investigate the efficacy of the SEC's regulations by examining informed trading in an attractive setting for exploiting private information; the options market. Using data on the S&P 1500 industrial firms, our analysis indicates that about 38 percent of firms exhibited symptoms of informed option trading prior to regulatory intervention. After regulatory intervention, we observe that only 19 percent of firms show symptoms of informed trading. In additional testing of ADR firms - explicitly exempt from complying with Reg FD, we find no evidence of a change in informed option trading from pre- to post- regulation; suggesting that the SEC's strictures on US firms led a to a significant reduction in informed option trading. Notably, our proxies for large shareholder and financial analyst access are associated with the largest decreases in informed option trading. In developing a unique measure of informed trading based on option market data, we provide evidence on the efficacy of security regulation in limiting informed trading.
Book Synopsis An Empirical Examination of Informed Trading in the Option Market by : Thi Thanh Van Le
Download or read book An Empirical Examination of Informed Trading in the Option Market written by Thi Thanh Van Le and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite a growing research interest in option trading and its impact on the pricing of the underlying asset, the role of options as a vehicle for informed trading remains an important economic question which has not yet been fully explored. In fact, even though academics have often argued that informed traders may prefer to trade in the option market rather than the equity market1, the question of whether (and to what extent) such a proposition would hold in practice has not been systematically addressed in the literature. This overarching research problem forms the foundation of this doctoral research project, leading to two important research questions. First, if investors do in fact use options to trade on information about underlying stock prices in practice, what implications does this have for the option (stock) pricing and forecasting? Second, what are the key factors driving traders' decisions to trade on new information in one market over another? These two issues correspond to the two gaps found in the extant literature on option trading, and also in the strand of empirical studies focusing on the role of options as a mechanism for trading on information about the underlying asset. To explore these research questions, three interrelated projects have been undertaken, each with a unique contribution to informing the research topic. These closely related investigations jointly provide consolidated answers to the two research questions raised previously. In response to the first research question, we pursue two strands of empirical investigation to examine the presence of informed trading in the option market. Firstly, we investigate the extent to which the information content extracted from options trading can be used to enhance predictions of the future volatility realised by underlying stocks. Secondly, we examine the price impact of information trading activities within the option market, focusing especially on the way in which the level of trading activities can explain and predict the future dynamics of the option implied volatility smile. Both of these strands yield evidence in support of information trading activities existing in the option market. Regarding the second research question, our collective evidence indicates that the allocation of informed traders between option and stock markets depends on the trade-off of transaction costs and trading opportunities existing in two related markets. This finding has consistently been corroborated by separate evidence emerging from our independent investigations. We found that the degree of information trading in the option market varies across different stocks, corresponding to variations in the level of individual stock liquidity. It has also been found that the degree of information asymmetry of option trades changed in response to changes in trading costs driven by regulatory changes observed during the 2008 short-sale ban. This research makes a valuable contribution to the field of option research. From the theoretical perspective, it addresses significant gaps in the existing literature and extends our understanding of informed trading activities in the option market. In particular, it contributes to the body of knowledge on the economic value of derivatives by investigating the critical role they have played in the process of incorporating new information into the market. From the practical perspective, it proposes a simple-yet-effective technique which employs trading volume to improve forecasts of the underlying stock volatility and of the option implied volatility (price) respectively. Since volatility plays such a central role in the practice of derivatives trading, risk analysis and portfolio management, better forecasts of these quantities are clearly important and highly regarded by practitioners. 1 Mainly due to higher financial leverages, reduced transactions costs and wider trading opportunities (eg speculation on volatility) (Black, 1975).
Book Synopsis Informed Trading Around Merger Announcements by : Narayanan Jayaraman
Download or read book Informed Trading Around Merger Announcements written by Narayanan Jayaraman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides empirical evidence on the level of trading activity in the stock options market prior to the announcement of a merger or an acquisition. Our analysis shows that there is a significant increase in the trading activity of call and put options for companies involved in a takeover prior to the rumor of an acquisition or merger. This result is robust to both the volume of option contracts traded and the open interest. The increased trading suggests that there is a significant level of informed trading in the options market prior to the announcement of a corporate event. In addition, abnormal trading activity in the options market appears to lead abnormal trading volume in the equity market. This finding supports the hypothesis that the options market plays an important role in price discovery.
Book Synopsis Informed Options Trading Before Corporate Events by : Patrick Augustin
Download or read book Informed Options Trading Before Corporate Events written by Patrick Augustin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is sufficient evidence in the popular, legal, and financial literature that informed options trading ahead of scheduled and unexpected corporate events is pervasive. In this review, we piece together the extant evidence on this topic into a cohesive picture, which includes abnormal activity ahead of announcements of earnings, mergers and acquisitions, as well as numerous other corporate events. We also discuss the more limited evidence on informed trading in other derivatives markets, such as credit default swaps (CDSs). In addition, we characterize the impact and features of illegal insider trading, and insider trading networks. We also provide a brief overview of the legal framework in the U.S. concerning legal and illegal insider trading, in order to emphasize the challenges associated with identifying informed options trading. We end with our suggestions regarding future research opportunities in this broad topic.
Book Synopsis Three Essays in Financial Markets. The Bright Side of Financial Derivatives: Options Trading and Firm Innovation by : Iván Blanco
Download or read book Three Essays in Financial Markets. The Bright Side of Financial Derivatives: Options Trading and Firm Innovation written by Iván Blanco and published by Ed. Universidad de Cantabria. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do financial derivatives enhance or impede innovation? We aim to answer this question by examining the relationship between equity options markets and standard measures of firm innovation. Our baseline results show that firms with more options trading activity generate more patents and patent citations per dollar of R&D invested. We then investigate how more active options markets affect firms' innovation strategy. Our results suggest that firms with greater trading activity pursue a more creative, diverse and risky innovation strategy. We discuss potential underlying mechanisms and show that options appear to mitigate managerial career concerns that would induce managers to take actions that boost short-term performance measures. Finally, using several econometric specifications that try to account for the potential endogeneity of options trading, we argue that the positive effect of options trading on firm innovation is causal.
Book Synopsis Information, Trading and Product Market Interactions by : Heather Elise Tookes
Download or read book Information, Trading and Product Market Interactions written by Heather Elise Tookes and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Empirical Market Microstructure by : Joel Hasbrouck
Download or read book Empirical Market Microstructure written by Joel Hasbrouck and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-04 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interactions that occur in securities markets are among the fastest, most information intensive, and most highly strategic of all economic phenomena. This book is about the institutions that have evolved to handle our trading needs, the economic forces that guide our strategies, and statistical methods of using and interpreting the vast amount of information that these markets produce. The book includes numerous exercises.
Book Synopsis Test Your Toddler by : Rachel Federman
Download or read book Test Your Toddler written by Rachel Federman and published by HarperCollins UK. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The perfect gift book for parents of toddlers everywhere! Assess your toddlerâe(tm)s genius in a series of fun and easy tests and activities, in the next title in the best-selling TEST YOUR series. Toddler: âe~emotionally unstable, pint-sized dictator with the uncanny ability to know exactly how far to push you towards utter insanity before reverting to a lovable cuddle monster.âe(tm) Well done. Youâe(tm)ve survived the first year of incoherent babble, unexplained crying, and relentless sleep deprivation. Welcome to the toddler years. And good luck. In baby music class, does little Oscar channel Buddy Rich on drums, or gleefully gnaw his kazoo? Does precious Poppy know how to write her name, or does she act like sheâe(tm)s in the witness protection program each time you call her? Do refusals to let tiny Charlie build a fort in the oven lead to utter meltdown or a calm nod and change of plans? With Test Your Toddler, discover more about your own tiny dictator with a series of fun tests and activities to confirm whether your toddler really is an undiscovered genius.
Book Synopsis The Efficient Market Theory and Evidence by : Andrew Ang
Download or read book The Efficient Market Theory and Evidence written by Andrew Ang and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) asserts that, at all times, the price of a security reflects all available information about its fundamental value. The implication of the EMH for investors is that, to the extent that speculative trading is costly, speculation must be a loser's game. Hence, under the EMH, a passive strategy is bound eventually to beat a strategy that uses active management, where active management is characterized as trading that seeks to exploit mispriced assets relative to a risk-adjusted benchmark. The EMH has been refined over the past several decades to reflect the realism of the marketplace, including costly information, transactions costs, financing, agency costs, and other real-world frictions. The most recent expressions of the EMH thus allow a role for arbitrageurs in the market who may profit from their comparative advantages. These advantages may include specialized knowledge, lower trading costs, low management fees or agency costs, and a financing structure that allows the arbitrageur to undertake trades with long verification periods. The actions of these arbitrageurs cause liquid securities markets to be generally fairly efficient with respect to information, despite some notable anomalies.
Book Synopsis Market Liquidity by : Thierry Foucault
Download or read book Market Liquidity written by Thierry Foucault and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The process by which securities are traded is very different from the idealized picture of a frictionless and self-equilibrating market offered by the typical finance textbook. This book offers a more accurate and authoritative take on this process. The book starts from the assumption that not everyone is present at all times simultaneously on the market, and that participants have quite diverse information about the security's fundamentals. As a result, the order flow is a complex mix of information and noise, and a consensus price only emerges gradually over time as the trading process evolves and the participants interpret the actions of other traders. Thus, a security's actual transaction price may deviate from its fundamental value, as it would be assessed by a fully informed set of investors. The book takes these deviations seriously, and explains why and how they emerge in the trading process and are eventually eliminated. The authors draw on a vast body of theoretical insights and empirical findings on security price formation that have come to form a well-defined field within financial economics known as "market microstructure." Focusing on liquidity and price discovery, the book analyzes the tension between the two, pointing out that when price-relevant information reaches the market through trading pressure rather than through a public announcement, liquidity may suffer. It also confronts many striking phenomena in securities markets and uses the analytical tools and empirical methods of market microstructure to understand them. These include issues such as why liquidity changes over time and differs across securities, why large trades move prices up or down, and why these price changes are subsequently reversed, and why we observe temporary deviations from asset fair values"--
Download or read book Options Markets written by John C. Cox and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1985 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes the first published detailed description of option exchange operations, the first published treatment using only elementary mathematics and the first step-by-step procedure for implementing the Black-Scholes formula in actual trading.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :180 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Improper Activities in the Securities Industry by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
Download or read book Improper Activities in the Securities Industry written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Takeovers, Restructuring, and Corporate Governance by : J. Fred Weston
Download or read book Takeovers, Restructuring, and Corporate Governance written by J. Fred Weston and published by Pearson Higher Ed. This book was released on 2013-08-27 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For undergraduate/graduate-level courses on Mergers and Acquisitions, or as a supplement for Business or Corporate Finance, Economics, or Strategy. This book brings together conceptual and updated empirical material in a systematic way. It provides students with a basis for understanding mergers and acquisitions and corporate restructuring in the framework of strategic planning issues facing managers in all companies, small and large. The full text downloaded to your computer With eBooks you can: search for key concepts, words and phrases make highlights and notes as you study share your notes with friends eBooks are downloaded to your computer and accessible either offline through the Bookshelf (available as a free download), available online and also via the iPad and Android apps. Upon purchase, you'll gain instant access to this eBook. Time limit The eBooks products do not have an expiry date. You will continue to access your digital ebook products whilst you have your Bookshelf installed.
