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The Mass Distribution And Assembly Of The Milky Way From The Properties Of The Magellanic Clouds
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Book Synopsis The Mass Distribution and Assembly of the Milky Way from the Properties of the Magellanic Clouds by :
Download or read book The Mass Distribution and Assembly of the Milky Way from the Properties of the Magellanic Clouds written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present a new measurement of the mass of the Milky Way (MW) based on observed properties of its largest satellite galaxies, the Magellanic Clouds (MCs), and an assumed prior of a?CDM universe. The large, high-resolution Bolshoi cosmological simulation of this universe provides a means to statistically sample the dynamical properties of bright satellite galaxies in a large population of dark matter halos. The observed properties of the MCs, including their circular velocity, distance from the center of the MW, and velocity within the MW halo, are used to evaluate the likelihood that a given halo would have each or all of these properties; the posterior probability distribution function (PDF) for any property of the MW system can thus be constructed. This method provides a constraint on the MW virial mass, 1.2{sup +0.7} - {sub 0.4}(stat.){sup +0.3} - {sub 0.3}(sys.) x 1012 M {circle_dot} (68% confidence), which is consistent with recent determinations that involve very different assumptions. In addition, we calculate the posterior PDF for the density profile of the MW and its satellite accretion history. Although typical satellites of 1012 M {circle_dot} halos are accreted over a wide range of epochs over the last 10 Gyr, we find a ≈72% probability that the MCs were accreted within the last Gyr, and a 50% probability that they were accreted together.
Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Cosmology by : Khalil Chamcham
Download or read book The Philosophy of Cosmology written by Khalil Chamcham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses foundational questions raised by observational and theoretical progress in modern cosmology. As the foundational volume of an emerging academic discipline, experts from relevant fields lay out the fundamental problems of contemporary cosmology and explore the routes toward finding possible solutions, for a broad academic audience.
Book Synopsis Present-day Galaxy Evolution Through Baryon Flows in the Circumgalactic Medium of the Galactic-Magellanic System by :
Download or read book Present-day Galaxy Evolution Through Baryon Flows in the Circumgalactic Medium of the Galactic-Magellanic System written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxy evolution is governed by an intricate ballet of gas flows. To sustain star formation over many billions of years, more gas must inflow than outflow. Although numerous gas clouds surround the Milky Way, their attributes, origins, destinations, and responses to their surroundings need thorough investigation on an individual basis to realize how the entire population affects Galactic evolution. This dissertation hones in on two circumgalactic gas structures near the Milky Way: Complex A and the Magellanic Bridge. Complex A is an elongated gas structure that is traversing the hot Halo of the Milky Way, plummeting towards the Galaxy's disk. The Magellanic Bridge is a bridge of gas and stars that connects the Magellanic Clouds, created by galaxy interactions. In this thesis, I present the results of the highest sensitivity and kinematically resolved H[alpha] emission-line survey of Complex A and H[alpha], [S II], and [N II] surveys of the Magellanic Bridge using the Wisconsin H[alpha] Mapper to explore their properties, surroundings, origins, and fates to unravel how circumgalactic structures influence galaxy evolution. I find that the observational properties of Complex A closely match with radiative transfer model predictions of a cloud ionized by the Milky Way and extragalactic background, implying a 5% escape fraction of ionizing photons from the Galactic disk. The multiline observations and modeling place the cloud's metallicity below solar. These results combined with other studies suggests the cloud has an intergalactic medium origin. I find that the global distribution of the warm ionized gas traces the neutral gas in the Magellanic Bridge. These observations place the ionized gas mass between (0.7 - 1.6) x 108 solar masses, implying an ionization fraction of 25 - 33% and a 5% maximum escape fraction of ionizing photons from the Magellanic Clouds. The line ratios reveal that the physical state of the the SMC-Tail and the LMC-Bridge interface regions differ from the Magellanic Bridge. The multiple component structure and line ratios reveal that at least two coherent structures with different physical properties exist throughout the Bridge.
Book Synopsis The Magellanic Clouds by : Bengt E. Westerlund
Download or read book The Magellanic Clouds written by Bengt E. Westerlund and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-02-27 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to provide a synthesised and comprehensive account of the Magellanic Clouds.
Book Synopsis Star-Formation Rates of Galaxies by : Andreas Zezas
Download or read book Star-Formation Rates of Galaxies written by Andreas Zezas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Star-formation is one of the key processes that shape the current state and evolution of galaxies. This volume provides a comprehensive presentation of the different methods used to measure the intensity of recent or on-going star-forming activity in galaxies, discussing their advantages and complications in detail. It includes a thorough overview of the theoretical underpinnings of star-formation rate indicators, including topics such as stellar evolution and stellar spectra, the stellar initial mass function, and the physical conditions in the interstellar medium. The authors bring together in one place detailed and comparative discussions of traditional and new star-formation rate indicators, star-formation rate measurements in different spatial scales, and comparisons of star-formation rate indicators probing different stellar populations, along with the corresponding theoretical background. This is a useful reference for students and researchers working in the field of extragalactic astrophysics and studying star-formation in local and higher-redshift galaxies.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975-12 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Magellanic System by : Stephen Pardy
Download or read book The Magellanic System written by Stephen Pardy and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do low-mass galaxies grow into massive spirals like our Milky Way? How does cold gas reach the inner disks of galaxies to feed ongoing star formation? These are some of the fundamental outstanding questions in galaxy formation and evolution. The Magellanic System holds the key to answering these questions. This system consists of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC), which are the closest example of interacting dwarf galaxies to us, and the Magellanic Stream; an extensive complex of cold and ionized gas that surrounds them. While the Magellanic System contains unambiguous evidence of gas accretion and galaxy interactions, its origin is still unexplained by current models. The LMC is uncommon among late-type galaxies because its stellar bar appears offset from its stellar disk. In addition, the Magellanic Stream is highly ionized, unexpectedly massive, and composed of material from both the LMC and SMC. Finally, there are claims of dwarf satellite galaxies aligned with the Magellanic Stream and the Clouds that support the notion that these dwarf galaxies might have arrived in the Milky Way with the LMC and SMC. In my thesis, I tackle these mysteries of the Magellanic System. My results clarify the origin and properties of the offset between the stellar bar and disk by showing that it is a long-lived feature that arises from the gravitational interaction between the LMC and the SMC. This result matches observational evidence of the tidal interaction between the LMC and SMC, and has implications for our measurements of other galaxies across the universe. My results also elucidate how this tidal interaction between the Clouds can strip gas from both the LMC and SMC into a long stream that both leads and trails the Clouds on the sky. This work makes predictions, which will be tested in future surveys, for the chemical abundances in the Leading Arm of the Stream. The Clouds' interaction history and their proximity to us suggest that they have undergone significant tidal stripping and may have been much more massive in the past. My work demonstrates how an LMC that was more massive would bring a significant amount of warm gas as it fell into the Milky Way. This gas will be the source of the missing ionized component of the Stream required to match the observations. Finally, I hypothesize the number of satellite dwarf galaxies that are expected to arrive with this massive LMC by examining analog galaxies in cosmological simulations. This result also has implications for our understanding of the satellite galaxy population of the Milky Way. This is a complete picture of the Magellanic System where the LMC entered the Milky Way as the largest galaxy of a group of dwarf galaxies with its own bound gas. The interactions between the LMC and SMC in this Magellanic Group combined with ram-pressure stripping from the Milky Way's hot halo create the long, high-mass Stream of ionized and neutral gas. The lessons we learn from the Magellanic Clouds will help us understand galaxy formation and evolution across the universe.
Book Synopsis The Small Magellanic Cloud by : Petia Yanchulova
Download or read book The Small Magellanic Cloud written by Petia Yanchulova and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interstellar dust is a ubiquitous component of galaxies, but some of its most fundamental properties are still poorly understood. This work analyzes the average extinction properties of dust in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) through color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of resolved stars observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). It also investigates the three-dimensional structure of the SMC, since the galaxy's proximity and dynamic interaction history provide a unique way to simultaneously study both dust extinction and galactic geometry. The observations are taken as part of the Small Magellanic Cloud Investigation of Dust and Gas Evolution (SMIDGE) program examining a 200 x 100 parsec region in the SW bar of the SMC. SMC-like dust extinction is frequently used to correct observations of high-redshift or low-metallicity galaxies due to SMC's own low metallicity. The dust extinction law or curve describing the stellar extinction in magnitudes as a function wavelength is the quantity used for this purpose. Fundamentally, the extinction law holds information about the dust grain size and composition. The SMIDGE survey has made it possible to find the average dust extinction properties in the SMC and build upon the handful of measurements in existence prior to the survey. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the importance of SMC dust extinction curve and galactic geometry measurements, and to the approach taken here to answer questions about these two measurements. Chapter 2 explores the average SMC dust extinction curve through multiband HST photometric observations of evolved red clump stars. The study focuses on the measurement of the slope of the red clump reddening vector from the CMD relying on a simple model which takes into account the extinction curve shape, a log-normal distribution of extinctions, and the distance distribution of the stellar component along the line of sight. The results for the shape of the average SMC extinction curve are consistent with prior measurements, and also point to a significant galactic depth along the line-of-sight, in line with recent studies. Chapter 3describes work on a more complex model for the SMC, using red clump and red giant branch stars on a CMD. The model simulates the dust-stars offset and the stellar distance distribution, yielding the reddened fraction of stars. It also simulates a dust layer with a log-normal extinction distribution $A_V$ - the extinction in magnitudes in the optical $V$ photometric band--with width [sigma]_{A_V}$. This work results in the first detailed dust extinction and 3D geometry properties in a key region in the SMC. It also produces a photometry-based $A_V$ result allowing for a measurement of the dust mass content of the galaxy which is independent from infrared dust emission observations. This is one of a few measurements of $A_V$ at low metallicity which can be compared to gas and dust content measured from infrared emission. Similarly to other photometry-based extinction results in Andromeda and the Milky Way, it points to a potential overestimation of the dust mass derived from dust grain models relying on IR dust emission data. Chapter 4 summarizes this dissertation and describes future work on SMC's dust extinction properties. This future study relies on the results derived in Chapter 3 to obtain a refined SMC average dust extinction curve. It also aims to obtain spatially-resolved maps of the extinction curve and $A_V$ in order to answer questions about the true distribution of SMC extinction curves.
Book Synopsis Black Holes in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy by : Manuel Arca Sedda
Download or read book Black Holes in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy written by Manuel Arca Sedda and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-03 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black Holes in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy provides a multidisciplinary, up-to-date view of the physics of black holes, along with an exhaustive overview of crucial open questions and recent advancements in the astrophysics of black holes in the wake of incredible advancements made in the last decade. It includes discussions on improvements in theoretical modeling and observational perspectives for black holes of all sizes, along with associated challenges. The book's structure and themes will enable an entwined understanding of black hole physics at all scales, thus avoiding the compartmentalized view that is typical of more specialized manuscripts and reviews.This book is a complete reference for scientists interested in a multidirectional approach to the study of black holes. It provides substantial discussions about the interplay of different types of black holes and gives professionals a heterogeneous and comprehensive overview of the astrophysics of black holes of all masses. Focuses on recent advances and future perspectives surrounding black holes, providing researchers with a clear view of cutting-edge research Offers readers a multidisciplinary, fresh view on black holes, discussing and reviewing the most recent advancements in theoretical, numerical and observational techniques put in place to detect black holes Provides a bridge among different black hole areas, fostering new collaborations among professionals working in different, but intrinsically interconnected fields
Book Synopsis The Magellanic Clouds by : A.B. Muller
Download or read book The Magellanic Clouds written by A.B. Muller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On March 28 and 29, 1969, at the occasion of the dedication of the European Southern Observatory, some 90 astronomers from all over the world gathered at the ESO headquarters at Santiago de Chile for discussing problems of the Magellanic Clouds. They came from Argentina, Australia, Chile, Mexico, South Mrica and the United States as well as from Europe; these latter, naturally, mostly from the member states ofESO. The choice of the subject was an obvious one. When erecting the European Southern Observatory as a joint effort in European astronomy, it was agreed from the beginning that the field of research should be the southern sky, so far hardly explored with large telescopes. Among the objects to be investigated, the Magellanic Clouds rank highest, together with the galactic centre region and the southern spiral structure. Being located ten times closer than the nearest large stellar systems accessible to northern observers, and containing a stellar population ranging in age from the oldest down of star formation, the Clouds provide an ideal laboratory for research on to the stage current problems in astrophysics. Yet, most of the northern observational astronomers were hardly acquainted with the Magellanic Clouds; naturally, they are used to think in terms of research projects that can be conducted at their observatories. A survey of the status of knowledge and research on the Clouds therefore appeared in order now that the first- medium size- telescopes of ESO came into operation.
Book Synopsis The Magellanic Clouds and Their Dynamical Interaction with the Milky Way by :
Download or read book The Magellanic Clouds and Their Dynamical Interaction with the Milky Way written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Magellanic Clouds by : Raymond Haynes
Download or read book The Magellanic Clouds written by Raymond Haynes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-02-28 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symposium 148 "The Magellanic Clouds and their Dynamical Interaction with the Milky Way" was the first IAU Symposium held in Australia since 1973. In all, 23 countries were represented by 149 participants. The Symposium was held from July 9 to 13, 1990 at Womens College, the University of Sydney. The last symposium on the Magellanic Clouds' was held in 1983 in Ttibingen, Germany. Since then new ground-and satellite-based instruments have become available. A range of results from these instruments were presented at IAU Symposium 148 and are published in these proceedings. IAU Symposium 148 was timed to coincide with the commissioning of the Australia Telescope, and indeed, a few of the first results from that instrument were presented at this Symposium Over the next decade the Australia Telescope is destined to make a major impact on Magellanic Cloud research. Papers are arranged in five main sections reflecting the Symposium timetable: • Large-Scale Structure and Kinematics • Star Formation and Clustering • Stellar Evolution • The Interstellar Medium • The LMC-SMC-Galaxy System These are preceeded by both the introduction to and the summary of the Symposium. Questions and answers from the oral sessions are reproduced at the end of each section.
Book Synopsis Structure and Evolution of the Magellanic Clouds by : Sidney Van den Bergh
Download or read book Structure and Evolution of the Magellanic Clouds written by Sidney Van den Bergh and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemodynamical Properties of Simulated Late-type Galaxies by : Kate Pilkington
Download or read book Chemodynamical Properties of Simulated Late-type Galaxies written by Kate Pilkington and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis On the Motion of the Magellanic Clouds by : Willem Jacob Luyten
Download or read book On the Motion of the Magellanic Clouds written by Willem Jacob Luyten and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ultraviolet Astronomy and the Quest for the Origin of Life by : Ana I. Gomez de Castro
Download or read book Ultraviolet Astronomy and the Quest for the Origin of Life written by Ana I. Gomez de Castro and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-27 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultraviolet Astronomy and the Quest for the Origin of Life addresses the use of astronomical observations in the ultraviolet range to better understand the generation of complex, life-precursor molecules. The origin of RNA is still under debate but seems to be related to the generation of pools of complex organic molecules submitted to heavy cycles of solution in water and drying. This book investigates whether these cycles require a planetary surface or may occur in space by examining both the theoretical and observational aspects of the role of UV radiation in the origin of life. This book offers the latest advances in these studies for astronomers, astrobiologists and planetary scientists. Addresses both the theoretical and observational aspects of the role of Ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the origin of life Builds on the requirements to produce prebiotic molecules in space and the implications for the origin of RNA Investigates the use of ultraviolet observations related to planetary system formation, the evolution of young planetary disks, and the interaction of stars with planetary atmospheres
