The Limits Of Scientific Reasoning

Download The Limits Of Scientific Reasoning full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online The Limits Of Scientific Reasoning ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

The Limits of Scientific Reasoning

Author : David Faust
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 0816613591
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (166 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Limits of Scientific Reasoning by : David Faust

Download or read book The Limits of Scientific Reasoning written by David Faust and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Limits of Scientific Reasoning was first published in 1984. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. The study of human judgment and its limitations is essential to an understanding of the processes involved in the acquisition of scientific knowledge. With that end in mind, David Faust has made the first comprehensive attempt to apply recent research on human judgment to the practice of science. Drawing upon the findings of cognitive psychology, Faust maintains that human judgment is far more limited than we have tended to believe and that all individuals - scientists included—have a surprisingly restricted capacity to interpret complex information. Faust's thesis implies that scientists do not perform reasoning tasks, such as theory evaluation, as well as we assume they do, and that there are many judgments the scientist is expected to perform but cannot because of restrictions in cognitive capacity. "This is a very well-written, timely, and important book. It documents and clarifies, in a very scholarly fashion, what sociologists and psychologists of science have been flirting with for several decades—namely, inherent limitations of scientific judgment," –Michael Mahoney, Pennsylvania State University David Faust is director of psychology at Rhode Island Hospital and a faculty member of the Brown University Medical School. He is co-author of Teaching Moral Reasoning: Theory and Practice.

Scientific Reasoning and Argumentation

Author : Frank Fischer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351400428
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Scientific Reasoning and Argumentation by : Frank Fischer

Download or read book Scientific Reasoning and Argumentation written by Frank Fischer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competence in scientific reasoning is one of the most valued outcomes of secondary and higher education. However, there is a need for a deeper understanding of and further research into the roles of domain-general and domain-specific knowledge in such reasoning. This book explores the functions and limitations of domain-general conceptions of reasoning and argumentation, the substantial differences that exist between the disciplines, and the role of domain-specific knowledge and epistemologies. Featuring chapters and commentaries by widely cited experts in the learning sciences, educational psychology, science education, history education, and cognitive science, Scientific Reasoning and Argumentation presents new perspectives on a decades-long debate about the role of domain-specific knowledge and its contribution to the development of more general reasoning abilities.

The Outer Limits of Reason

Author : Noson S. Yanofsky
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026252984X
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Outer Limits of Reason by : Noson S. Yanofsky

Download or read book The Outer Limits of Reason written by Noson S. Yanofsky and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exploration of the scientific limits of knowledge challenges our deep-seated beliefs about our universe, our rationality, and ourselves. “A must-read for anyone studying information science.” —Publishers Weekly, starred review Many books explain what is known about the universe. This book investigates what cannot be known. Rather than exploring the amazing facts that science, mathematics, and reason have revealed to us, this work studies what science, mathematics, and reason tell us cannot be revealed. In The Outer Limits of Reason, Noson Yanofsky considers what cannot be predicted, described, or known, and what will never be understood. He discusses the limitations of computers, physics, logic, and our own intuitions about the world—including our ideas about space, time, and motion, and the complex relationship between the knower and the known. Yanofsky describes simple tasks that would take computers trillions of centuries to complete and other problems that computers can never solve: • perfectly formed English sentences that make no sense • different levels of infinity • the bizarre world of the quantum • the relevance of relativity theory • the causes of chaos theory • math problems that cannot be solved by normal means • statements that are true but cannot be proven Moving from the concrete to the abstract, from problems of everyday language to straightforward philosophical questions to the formalities of physics and mathematics, Yanofsky demonstrates a myriad of unsolvable problems and paradoxes. Exploring the various limitations of our knowledge, he shows that many of these limitations have a similar pattern and that by investigating these patterns, we can better understand the structure and limitations of reason itself. Yanofsky even attempts to look beyond the borders of reason to see what, if anything, is out there.

The Limits of Scientific Reason

Author : John McIntyre
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538157799
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Limits of Scientific Reason by : John McIntyre

Download or read book The Limits of Scientific Reason written by John McIntyre and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critically and comprehensively examining the works of Habermas and Foucault, two giants of 20th century continental philosophy, this book illuminates the effects of scientific reason as it migrates from its specialized institutions into society. It explores how science permeates shared human consciousness, to produce effects that ripple through the entire social body to restructure relations between persons, discourses, institutions, and power in ways which we are barely conscious of. The book shows how science, through its entwinement with power, discourses, and practices, presents certain social arrangements as natural and certain courses of action as beyond question. By arguing for a non-reductive, liberal scientific naturalism that sees science as one form of rationality amongst others, it opens possibilities for thought and action beyond scientific knowledge. Examining the shifting relations between science and other social institutions, discourses and power, the book addresses the narrowing of freedom by the instrumental modes of thinking that accompany scientific and technological change. McIntyre simultaneously raises the question of the good life and the question of a philosophical critique both directed towards science and, at the same time, shaped by, and responsive to it. By analysing the works of Foucault and Habermas in terms of their social, political, and historical contexts it reveals the two thinkers as linked by a commitment to the Enlightenment tradition and its emancipatory telos. The significant differences between the two are seen to result from Foucault’s radicalization of this tradition, a radicalization which is, at the same time, implicit within the Enlightenment project itself.

The Limits of Science

Author : Peter Brian Medawar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780192177445
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (774 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Limits of Science by : Peter Brian Medawar

Download or read book The Limits of Science written by Peter Brian Medawar and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Limits of Science

Author : Leon Chwistek
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780415218030
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Limits of Science by : Leon Chwistek

Download or read book The Limits of Science written by Leon Chwistek and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309486165
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.

Scientific Research in Education

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133092
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Scientific Research in Education by : National Research Council

Download or read book Scientific Research in Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-03-28 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers, historians, and philosophers of science have debated the nature of scientific research in education for more than 100 years. Recent enthusiasm for "evidence-based" policy and practice in educationâ€"now codified in the federal law that authorizes the bulk of elementary and secondary education programsâ€"have brought a new sense of urgency to understanding the ways in which the basic tenets of science manifest in the study of teaching, learning, and schooling. Scientific Research in Education describes the similarities and differences between scientific inquiry in education and scientific inquiry in other fields and disciplines and provides a number of examples to illustrate these ideas. Its main argument is that all scientific endeavors share a common set of principles, and that each fieldâ€"including education researchâ€"develops a specialization that accounts for the particulars of what is being studied. The book also provides suggestions for how the federal government can best support high-quality scientific research in education.

The Limits Of Science

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 : 0822972069
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Limits Of Science by : Nicholas Rescher

Download or read book The Limits Of Science written by Nicholas Rescher and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2014-08-12 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perfected science is but an idealization that provides a useful contrast to highlight the limited character of what we do and can attain. This lies at the core of various debates in the philosophy of science and Rescher's discussion focuses on the question: how far could science go in principle—what are the theoretical limits on science? He concentrates on what science can discover, not what it should discover. He explores in detail the existence of limits or limitations on scientific inquiry, especially those that, in principle, preclude the full realization of the aims of science, as opposed to those that relate to economic obstacles to scientific progress. Rescher also places his argument within the politics of the day, where "strident calls of ideological extremes surround us," ranging from the exaggeration that "science can do anything"—to the antiscientism that views science as a costly diversion we would be well advised to abandon. Rescher offers a middle path between these two extremes and provides an appreciation of the actual powers and limitations of science, not only to philosophers of science but also to a larger, less specialized audience.

The Devil in the Details

Author : Robert W. Batterman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198033478
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Devil in the Details by : Robert W. Batterman

Download or read book The Devil in the Details written by Robert W. Batterman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001-11-29 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Batterman examines a form of scientific reasoning called asymptotic reasoning, arguing that it has important consequences for our understanding of the scientific process as a whole. He maintains that asymptotic reasoning is essential for explaining what physicists call universal behavior. With clarity and rigor, he simplifies complex questions about universal behavior, demonstrating a profound understanding of the underlying structures that ground them. This book introduces a valuable new method that is certain to fill explanatory gaps across disciplines.

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

Author : Thomas S. Kuhn
Publisher : Chicago : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (312 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by : Thomas S. Kuhn

Download or read book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions written by Thomas S. Kuhn and published by Chicago : University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1969 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Scientific Method in Practice

Author : Hugh G. Gauch
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521017084
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Scientific Method in Practice by : Hugh G. Gauch

Download or read book Scientific Method in Practice written by Hugh G. Gauch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the gateway to scientific thinking, an understanding of the scientific method is essential for success and productivity in science. This book is the first synthesis of the practice and the philosophy of the scientific method. It will enable scientists to be better scientists by offering them a deeper understanding of the underpinnings of the scientific method, thereby leading to more productive research and experimentation. It will also give scientists a more accurate perspective on the rationality of the scientific approach and its role in society. Beginning with a discussion of today's 'science wars' and science's presuppositions, the book then explores deductive and inductive logic, probability, statistics, and parsimony, and concludes with an examination of science's powers and limits, and a look at science education. Topics relevant to a variety of disciplines are treated, and clarifying figures, case studies, and chapter summaries enhance the pedagogy. This adeptly executed, comprehensive, yet pragmatic work yields a new synergy suitable for scientists and instructors, and graduate students and advanced undergraduates.

Communicating Science Effectively

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309451051
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Communicating Science Effectively by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communicating Science Effectively written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-03-08 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and technology are embedded in virtually every aspect of modern life. As a result, people face an increasing need to integrate information from science with their personal values and other considerations as they make important life decisions about medical care, the safety of foods, what to do about climate change, and many other issues. Communicating science effectively, however, is a complex task and an acquired skill. Moreover, the approaches to communicating science that will be most effective for specific audiences and circumstances are not obvious. Fortunately, there is an expanding science base from diverse disciplines that can support science communicators in making these determinations. Communicating Science Effectively offers a research agenda for science communicators and researchers seeking to apply this research and fill gaps in knowledge about how to communicate effectively about science, focusing in particular on issues that are contentious in the public sphere. To inform this research agenda, this publication identifies important influences â€" psychological, economic, political, social, cultural, and media-related â€" on how science related to such issues is understood, perceived, and used.

Boundaries And Barriers

Author : John L. Casti
Publisher : Addison-Wesley Longman
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Boundaries And Barriers by : John L. Casti

Download or read book Boundaries And Barriers written by John L. Casti and published by Addison-Wesley Longman. This book was released on 1996-09-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are there scientific problems that cannot be solved? Mathematics is riddled with such problems, but can we pose analogous questions outside of mathematics? Does nature itself impose fundamental limits on our knowledge of the universe? Despite the work of some of the greatest minds of the twentieth century, no one really knows.In May 1995 this profound and far-reaching concern brought together a small but select group of scientists in a remote scientific outpost in Abisko, Sweden, a village far north of the Arctic Circle. Boundaries and Barriers captures the spirit—and the content—of the talks given at the meeting. Included are contributions by John Barrow on the limits of science, John Casti on the search for the “unknowable” in science, James Hartle on quantum cosmology, Harold Morowitz on complexity and epistemology, and six more fascinating chapters that illuminate the possible limits to what we can know by using the tools of science. The issues discussed here challenge the very foundations of science, but the conclusions are optimistic. When the dust clears, science remains standing-our best bet for understanding the way the world works.

Thinking as a Science

Author : Henry Hazlitt
Publisher : Ludwig von Mises Institute
ISBN 13 : 1610163206
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Thinking as a Science by : Henry Hazlitt

Download or read book Thinking as a Science written by Henry Hazlitt and published by Ludwig von Mises Institute. This book was released on 1916 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Books on thinking": pages 248-251.

Scientific Method in Brief

Author : Hugh G. Gauch, Jr
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107311527
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Scientific Method in Brief by : Hugh G. Gauch, Jr

Download or read book Scientific Method in Brief written by Hugh G. Gauch, Jr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental principles of the scientific method are essential for enhancing perspective, increasing productivity, and stimulating innovation. These principles include deductive and inductive logic, probability, parsimony and hypothesis testing, as well as science's presuppositions, limitations, ethics and bold claims of rationality and truth. The examples and case studies drawn upon in this book span the physical, biological and social sciences; include applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine; and also explore science's interrelationships with disciplines in the humanities such as philosophy and law. Informed by position papers on science from the American Association for the Advancement of Science, National Academy of Sciences and National Science Foundation, this book aligns with a distinctively mainstream vision of science. It is an ideal resource for anyone undertaking a systematic study of scientific method for the first time, from undergraduates to professionals in both the sciences and the humanities.

The Knowledge Machine: How Irrationality Created Modern Science

Author : Michael Strevens
Publisher : Liveright Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1631491385
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (314 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Knowledge Machine: How Irrationality Created Modern Science by : Michael Strevens

Download or read book The Knowledge Machine: How Irrationality Created Modern Science written by Michael Strevens and published by Liveright Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The Knowledge Machine is the most stunningly illuminating book of the last several decades regarding the all-important scientific enterprise.” —Rebecca Newberger Goldstein, author of Plato at the Googleplex A paradigm-shifting work, The Knowledge Machine revolutionizes our understanding of the origins and structure of science. • Why is science so powerful? • Why did it take so long—two thousand years after the invention of philosophy and mathematics—for the human race to start using science to learn the secrets of the universe? In a groundbreaking work that blends science, philosophy, and history, leading philosopher of science Michael Strevens answers these challenging questions, showing how science came about only once thinkers stumbled upon the astonishing idea that scientific breakthroughs could be accomplished by breaking the rules of logical argument. Like such classic works as Karl Popper’s The Logic of Scientific Discovery and Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, The Knowledge Machine grapples with the meaning and origins of science, using a plethora of vivid historical examples to demonstrate that scientists willfully ignore religion, theoretical beauty, and even philosophy to embrace a constricted code of argument whose very narrowness channels unprecedented energy into empirical observation and experimentation. Strevens calls this scientific code the iron rule of explanation, and reveals the way in which the rule, precisely because it is unreasonably close-minded, overcomes individual prejudices to lead humanity inexorably toward the secrets of nature. “With a mixture of philosophical and historical argument, and written in an engrossing style” (Alan Ryan), The Knowledge Machine provides captivating portraits of some of the greatest luminaries in science’s history, including Isaac Newton, the chief architect of modern science and its foundational theories of motion and gravitation; William Whewell, perhaps the greatest philosopher-scientist of the early nineteenth century; and Murray Gell-Mann, discoverer of the quark. Today, Strevens argues, in the face of threats from a changing climate and global pandemics, the idiosyncratic but highly effective scientific knowledge machine must be protected from politicians, commercial interests, and even scientists themselves who seek to open it up, to make it less narrow and more rational—and thus to undermine its devotedly empirical search for truth. Rich with illuminating and often delightfully quirky illustrations, The Knowledge Machine, written in a winningly accessible style that belies the import of its revisionist and groundbreaking concepts, radically reframes much of what we thought we knew about the origins of the modern world.