Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309316278
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use by adolescents and young adults poses serious concerns. Nearly all adults who have ever smoked daily first tried a cigarette before 26 years of age. Current cigarette use among adults is highest among persons aged 21 to 25 years. The parts of the brain most responsible for cognitive and psychosocial maturity continue to develop and change through young adulthood, and adolescent brains are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of nicotine. At the request of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products considers the likely public health impact of raising the minimum age for purchasing tobacco products. The report reviews the existing literature on tobacco use patterns, developmental biology and psychology, health effects of tobacco use, and the current landscape regarding youth access laws, including minimum age laws and their enforcement. Based on this literature, the report makes conclusions about the likely effect of raising the minimum age to 19, 21, and 25 years on tobacco use initiation. The report also quantifies the accompanying public health outcomes based on findings from two tobacco use simulation models. According to the report, raising the minimum age of legal access to tobacco products, particularly to ages 21 and 25, will lead to substantial reductions in tobacco use, improve the health of Americans across the lifespan, and save lives. Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products will be a valuable reference for federal policy makers and state and local health departments and legislators.

Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309138396
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-02-21 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke can result in heart disease in nonsmoking adults. Recently, progress has been made in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke through legislation banning smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places. The effect of legislation to ban smoking and its effects on the cardiovascular health of nonsmoking adults, however, remains a question. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects reviews available scientific literature to assess the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and acute coronary events. The authors, experts in secondhand smoke exposure and toxicology, clinical cardiology, epidemiology, and statistics, find that there is about a 25 to 30 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease from exposure to secondhand smoke. Their findings agree with the 2006 Surgeon General's Report conclusion that there are increased risks of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among men and women exposed to secondhand smoke. However, the authors note that the evidence for determining the magnitude of the relationship between chronic secondhand smoke exposure and coronary heart disease is not very strong. Public health professionals will rely upon Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects for its survey of critical epidemiological studies on the effects of smoking bans and evidence of links between secondhand smoke exposure and cardiovascular events, as well as its findings and recommendations.

Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309264049
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-16 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in United States, causing more than 440,000 deaths annually and resulting in $193 billion in health-related economic losses each year-$96 billion in direct medical costs and $97 billion in lost productivity. Since the first U.S. Surgeon General's report on smoking in 1964, more than 29 Surgeon General's reports, drawing on data from thousands of studies, have documented the overwhelming and conclusive biologic, epidemiologic, behavioral, and pharmacologic evidence that tobacco use is deadly. This evidence base links tobacco use to the development of multiple types of cancer and other life-threatening conditions, including cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Smoking accounts for at least 30 percent of all cancer deaths, and 80 percent of lung cancer deaths. Despite the widespread agreement on the dangers of tobacco use and considerable success in reducing tobacco use prevalence from over 40 percent at the time of the 1964 Surgeon General's report to less than 20 percent today, recent progress in reducing tobacco use has slowed. An estimated 18.9 percent of U.S. adults smoke cigarettes, nearly one in four high school seniors smoke, and 13 percent of high school males use smokeless tobacco products. In recognition that progress in combating cancer will not be fully achieved without addressing the tobacco problem, the National Cancer Policy Forum of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) convened a public workshop, Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality, June 11-12, 2012 in Washington, DC. In opening remarks to the workshop participants, planning committee chair Roy Herbst, professor of medicine and of pharmacology and chief of medical oncology at Yale Cancer Center and Smilow Cancer Hospital, described the goals of the workshop, which were to examine the current obstacles to tobacco control and to discuss potential policy, outreach, and treatment strategies that could overcome these obstacles and reduce tobacco-related cancer incidence and mortality. Experts explored a number of topics, including: the changing demographics of tobacco users and the changing patterns of tobacco product use; the influence of tobacco use on cancer incidence and cancer treatment outcomes; tobacco dependence and cessation programs; federal and state level laws and regulations to curtail tobacco use; tobacco control education, messaging, and advocacy; financial and legal challenges to tobacco control efforts; and research and infrastructure needs to support tobacco control strategies, reduce tobacco related cancer incidence, and improve cancer patient outcomes. Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality summarizes the workshop.

The Legal Aspects of Smoking Regulation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Legal Aspects of Smoking Regulation by : Janet Feldman

Download or read book The Legal Aspects of Smoking Regulation written by Janet Feldman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Growing Up Tobacco Free

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309051290
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Growing Up Tobacco Free by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Growing Up Tobacco Free written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use kills more people than any other addiction and we know that addiction starts in childhood and youth. We all agree that youths should not smoke, but how can this be accomplished? What prevention messages will they find compelling? What effect does tobacco advertisingâ€"more than $10 million worth every dayâ€"have on youths? Can we responsibly and effectively restrict their access to tobacco products? These questions and more are addressed in Growing Up Tobacco Free, prepared by the Institute of Medicine to help everyone understand the troubling issues surrounding youths and tobacco use. Growing Up Tobacco Free provides a readable explanation of nicotine's effects and the process of addiction, and documents the search for an effective approach to preventing the use of cigarettes, chewing and spitting tobacco, and snuff by children and youths. It covers the results of recent initiatives to limit young people's access to tobacco and discusses approaches to controls or bans on tobacco sales, price sensitivity among adolescents, and arguments for and against taxation as a prevention strategy for tobacco use. The controversial area of tobacco advertising is thoroughly examined. With clear guidelines for public action, everyone can benefit by reading and acting on the messages in this comprehensive and compelling book.

The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 736 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke by :

Download or read book The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.

E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781082814914
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (149 download)

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Book Synopsis E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General by : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Download or read book E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General written by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use among youth and young adults in any form, including e-cigarettes, is not safe. In recent years, e-cigarette use by youth and young adults has increased at an alarming rate. E-cigarettes are now the most commonly used tobacco product among youth in the United States. This timely report highlights the rapidly changing patterns of e-cigarette use among youth and young adults, assesses what we know about the health effects of using these products, and describes strategies that tobacco companies use to recruit our nation's youth and young adults to try and continue using e-cigarettes. The report also outlines interventions that can be adopted to minimize the harm these products cause to our nation's youth.E-cigarettes are tobacco products that deliver nicotine. Nicotine is a highly addictive substance, and many of today's youth who are using e-cigarettes could become tomorrow's cigarette smokers. Nicotine exposure can also harm brain development in ways that may affect the health and mental health of our kids.E-cigarette use among youth and young adults is associated with the use of other tobacco products, including conventional cigarettes. Because most tobacco use is established during adolescence, actions to prevent our nation's young people from the potential of a lifetime of nicotine addiction are critical.E-cigarette companies appear to be using many of the advertising tactics the tobacco industry used to persuade a new generation of young people to use their products. Companies are promoting their products through television and radio advertisements that use celebrities, sexual content, and claims of independence to glamorize these addictive products and make them appealing to young people.

Reducing Underage Drinking

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309089352
Total Pages : 761 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing Underage Drinking by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Reducing Underage Drinking written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-26 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol use by young people is extremely dangerous - both to themselves and society at large. Underage alcohol use is associated with traffic fatalities, violence, unsafe sex, suicide, educational failure, and other problem behaviors that diminish the prospects of future success, as well as health risks â€" and the earlier teens start drinking, the greater the danger. Despite these serious concerns, the media continues to make drinking look attractive to youth, and it remains possible and even easy for teenagers to get access to alcohol. Why is this dangerous behavior so pervasive? What can be done to prevent it? What will work and who is responsible for making sure it happens? Reducing Underage Drinking addresses these questions and proposes a new way to combat underage alcohol use. It explores the ways in which may different individuals and groups contribute to the problem and how they can be enlisted to prevent it. Reducing Underage Drinking will serve as both a game plan and a call to arms for anyone with an investment in youth health and safety.

FDA Tobacco Regulation

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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437918042
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis FDA Tobacco Regulation by : C. Stephen Redhead

Download or read book FDA Tobacco Regulation written by C. Stephen Redhead and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 111th Congress is considering legislation that would give the FDA broad new statutory authority to regulate the manufacture and marketing of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products. This report provides a detailed summary of the proposed legislation and discusses the public health and legal issues it raises. Contents: (1) Views on FDA Tobacco Regulation: Public Health Viewpoint; Industry Viewpoint; (2) Proposed Tobacco Product Regulation: Reduced-Risk Tobacco Products; Tobacco Product Design and Characteristics; Menthol Cigarettes; (3) Legal Issues: Restrictions on Ads and Promotion; First Amend. Issues; Preemption of State and Local Regulation Re: Labeling, Ads, and Promotion; (4) Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement.

Understanding the U.S. Illicit Tobacco Market

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309317150
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding the U.S. Illicit Tobacco Market by : National Research Council

Download or read book Understanding the U.S. Illicit Tobacco Market written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use has declined because of measures such as high taxes on tobacco products and bans on advertising, but worldwide there are still more than one billion people who regularly use tobacco, including many who purchase products illicitly. By contrast to many other commodities, taxes comprise a substantial portion of the retail price of cigarettes in the United States and most other nations. Large tax differentials between jurisdictions increase incentives for participation in existing illicit tobacco markets. In the United States, the illicit tobacco market consists mostly of bootlegging from low-tax states to high-tax states and is less affected by large-scale smuggling or illegal production as in other countries. In the future, nonprice regulation of cigarettes - such as product design, formulation, and packaging - could in principle, contribute to the development of new types of illicit tobacco markets. Understanding the U.S. Illicit Tobacco Market reviews the nature of illicit tobacco markets, evidence for policy effects, and variations among different countries with a focus on implications for the United States. This report estimates the portion of the total U.S. tobacco market represented by illicit sales has grown in recent years and is now between 8.5 percent and 21 percent. This represents between 1.24 to 2.91 billion packs of cigarettes annually and between $2.95 billion and $6.92 billion in lost gross state and local tax revenues. Understanding the U.S. Illicit Tobacco Market describes the complex system associated with illicit tobacco use by exploring some of the key features of that market - the cigarette supply chain, illicit procurement schemes, the major actors in the illicit trade, and the characteristics of users of illicit tobacco. This report draws on domestic and international experiences with the illicit tobacco trade to identify a range of possible policy and enforcement interventions by the U.S. federal government and/or states and localities.

Ending the Tobacco Problem

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309103827
Total Pages : 643 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ending the Tobacco Problem by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Ending the Tobacco Problem written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-27 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nation has made tremendous progress in reducing tobacco use during the past 40 years. Despite extensive knowledge about successful interventions, however, approximately one-quarter of American adults still smoke. Tobacco-related illnesses and death place a huge burden on our society. Ending the Tobacco Problem generates a blueprint for the nation in the struggle to reduce tobacco use. The report reviews effective prevention and treatment interventions and considers a set of new tobacco control policies for adoption by federal and state governments. Carefully constructed with two distinct parts, the book first provides background information on the history and nature of tobacco use, developing the context for the policy blueprint proposed in the second half of the report. The report documents the extraordinary growth of tobacco use during the first half of the 20th century as well as its subsequent reversal in the mid-1960s (in the wake of findings from the Surgeon General). It also reviews the addictive properties of nicotine, delving into the factors that make it so difficult for people to quit and examines recent trends in tobacco use. In addition, an overview of the development of governmental and nongovernmental tobacco control efforts is provided. After reviewing the ethical grounding of tobacco control, the second half of the book sets forth to present a blueprint for ending the tobacco problem. The book offers broad-reaching recommendations targeting federal, state, local, nonprofit and for-profit entities. This book also identifies the benefits to society when fully implementing effective tobacco control interventions and policies.

Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults by :

Download or read book Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This booklet for schools, medical personnel, and parents contains highlights from the 2012 Surgeon General's report on tobacco use among youth and teens (ages 12 through 17) and young adults (ages 18 through 25). The report details the causes and the consequences of tobacco use among youth and young adults by focusing on the social, environmental, advertising, and marketing influences that encourage youth and young adults to initiate and sustain tobacco use. This is the first time tobacco data on young adults as a discrete population have been explored in detail. The report also highlights successful strategies to prevent young people from using tobacco.

WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241505184
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the guidelines adopted by the Conference of the Parties. These seven guidelines cover a wide range of provisions of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, such as: the protection of public health policies with respect to tobacco control from commercial and other vested interests of the tobacco industry; protection from exposure to tobacco smoke; packaging and labelling of tobacco products; and tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship; and demand reduction measures concerning tobacco dependence and cessation. These guidelines are intended to help Parties to meet their obligations under the respective provisions of the Convention. They reflect the consolidated views of Parties on different aspects of implementation, their experiences and achievements, and the challenges faced. The guidelines also aim to reflect and promote best practices and standards that governments would benefit from in the treaty-implementation process.

WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241596287
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008 by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008-02-11 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 2009- cataloged as a serial in LC.

Unfiltered

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674036789
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Unfiltered by : Associate Director Eric Feldman

Download or read book Unfiltered written by Associate Director Eric Feldman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-15 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco, among the most popular consumer products of the twentieth century, is under attack. Once a behavior that knew no social bounds, cigarette smoking has been transformed into an activity that reflects sharp differences in social status. Unfiltered tells the story of how anti-smoking advocates, public health professionals, bureaucrats, and tobacco corporations have clashed over smoking regulation. The nations discussed in this book--Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States--restrict tobacco advertising, tax tobacco products, and limit where smoking is permitted. Each is also struggling to shape a tobacco policy that ensures corporate accountability, protects individual liberty, and asserts the state's public health power. Unfiltered offers a comparative perspective on legal, political, and social conflicts over tobacco control. The book makes a unique contribution to our understanding of how scientific evidence, global health advocacy, individual risk assessments, and governmental interests intersect in the crafting of tobacco policy. It features national case studies and cross-cultural essays by experts in health policy, law, political science, history, and sociology. The lessons in Unfiltered are crucial to all who seek to understand and influence tobacco policy and reduce tobacco-related mortality worldwide.

Public Health and Plain Packaging of Cigarettes

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Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1781952175
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (819 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health and Plain Packaging of Cigarettes by : Tania Voon

Download or read book Public Health and Plain Packaging of Cigarettes written by Tania Voon and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Voon, Mitchell, and Liberman offer a penetrating analysis of the monumental struggle against smoking in the 21st century – the leading preventable cause of death in the world. Their book is undoubtedly the seminal scholarly examination of plain packaging of tobacco products. "Big Tobacco" is challenging plain packaging rules in trade, investment, and constitutional forums around the world. It is simply impossible to understand the law, policy, and profound social implications of tobacco control without this masterful text.' – Lawrence O. Gostin, Georgetown University and World Health Organization Centre on Public Health Law and Human Rights, US 'This book is a "must read" for anyone interested in tobacco regulation at the international level. Written by an impressive array of experts in a variety of fields, it deals with international rules on trade, investment, intellectual property, and public health, as well as constitutional issues in Australia – at the vanguard of plain packaging of tobacco – and other jurisdictions. It is an informative and timely guide to current debates on these important issues.' – Lorand Bartels, University of Cambridge, UK 'This book provides a definitive account of Australia's pioneering public health legislation on the plain packaging of tobacco products. the regime was designed to implement the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and address the impacts of "the tobacco epidemic". A number of nation states plan on emulating Australia's exemplary regime. In a panic, the tobacco industry has sought to challenge the plain packaging of tobacco products under both Australian constitutional and administrative law, and international trade, investment, and intellectual property laws. This book provides a lucid, thoughtful, and intelligent analysis of the "mega-litigation" over the plain packaging of tobacco products, and highlights the necessity for public health measures in this area. It is a timely and prescient work.' – Matthew Rimmer, the Australian National University College of Law and ACIPA, Australia Tobacco use represents a critical global health challenge. the World Health Organization estimates that tobacco kills nearly 6 million people a year, with the toll expected to rise to 8 million annually over the next two decades. This detailed book, written by health and legal experts from institutions around the globe, examines legal issues arising from Australia's world-first introduction of mandatory plain packaging of tobacco products. the book offers an in-depth exploration of relevant domestic and international legal questions in fields such as intellectual property, constitutional law, health, trade and investment. the authors' analysis sheds light on broader questions relating to the capacity of governments to regulate tobacco products and the tobacco industry, and to regulate in the interests of public health more generally. the answers to these questions are of vital interest not only to Australia but also to the international community, with states' regulatory sovereignty increasingly being challenged in local and international courts and tribunals. This timely study is designed to assist international organisations, NGOs, policymakers, and scholars in law, medicine and health-related areas. Health professionals and advisors will also find much of interest here.

Tobacco Control Policy in the Netherlands

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319723685
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Tobacco Control Policy in the Netherlands by : Marc C. Willemsen

Download or read book Tobacco Control Policy in the Netherlands written by Marc C. Willemsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments have known since the 1960s that smoking results in irreversible health damage. This open access book examines why governments have done so little to combat this when they have been aware of the problem and its solutions for decades. What are the strategies and decisions that make a difference, given that policy environments are often not conducive to change? Taking the Netherlands as an example, this book helps to understand the complex policy process at the national level and why it so often appears irrational to us. It is the most sophisticated analysis of tobacco control policy to date, applying insights from political sciences to the field of tobacco control.