The Impact of the Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards on the Quality of Accounting Information of the Brazilian and European Public Firms

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of the Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards on the Quality of Accounting Information of the Brazilian and European Public Firms by : Edilson Paulo

Download or read book The Impact of the Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards on the Quality of Accounting Information of the Brazilian and European Public Firms written by Edilson Paulo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several factors affect the quality of accounting information, such as characteristics of the firm, practices and procedures adopted in the elaboration of the financial statements, corporative governance system, capital market, regulation, among others. Among these factors, it is noteworthy the influence of the accounting standards about the quality of the numbers reported by the firms. Since 2005, the European companies elaborated their consolidated financial statements according to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), while in Brazil, the process of convergence of national accounting standards to IFRS was promoted just after the approval of the Law no 11.638/07, therefore, after that, the Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC) approved various Technical Pronouncements which aimed to facilitate the convergence of Brazilian accounting standards to these international rules. Considering that these international accounting standards have a higher quality, it is expected that the IFRS adoption affect positively accounting information quality. Thus, this research aims to analyze the effect of the IFRS adoption in the earnings quality reported by the Brazilian and European public firms, in the period between 2000 and 2011, considering that previous research did not showed a consensus about this topic. Empirical technical models, such as persistence, conservatism, earnings management and accruals errors, were used to reach the proposed objective. The results showed that the quality of accounting information has not significantly improved comparing the period before and after the adoption of the IFRS in Brazil or Europe.

Standardization of Financial Reporting and Accounting in Latin American Countries

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1466684542
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (666 download)

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Book Synopsis Standardization of Financial Reporting and Accounting in Latin American Countries by : Lourenço, Isabel

Download or read book Standardization of Financial Reporting and Accounting in Latin American Countries written by Lourenço, Isabel and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting has often been described as the language of business. As the increasing competition of overseas markets begins to affect even the smallest local companies, many more business professionals must become fluent in accounting principles and practice. Standardization of Financial Reporting and Accounting in Latin American Countries highlights the recent move to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and addresses some of the concerns raised due to cultural differences and the level of enforcement of these standards in separate countries. Describing the evolution of both financial and managerial accounting due to the adoption of IFRS, this book is an essential reference source for both students and seasoned professionals in the fields of accounting, finance, and related management fields, especially those with an international emphasis.

International Financial Reporting Standards Implementation

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Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1801174423
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis International Financial Reporting Standards Implementation by : Mohammad Nurunnabi

Download or read book International Financial Reporting Standards Implementation written by Mohammad Nurunnabi and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2021-08-23 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions to International Accounting aims to address a vital gap in research by focusing on providing relevant and timely studies on International Financial Reporting Standards implementation for local and international policymakers.

Challenges in the Adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030631257
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenges in the Adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards by : Isabel Brusca

Download or read book Challenges in the Adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards written by Isabel Brusca and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-15 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to take stock of the experiences of Spain and Portugal in the adaptation to the IPSAS, showing the advantages, disadvantages and the main challenges for its implementation. In chapter one, the book analyses the IPSAS and the conceptual framework, as well as the claimed benefits and criticisms of IPSAS. Chapter two makes an analysis of the diffusion of the IPSAS in the international framework and the process of harmonization in development in Europe. Chapter three and four analyze the process of adaptation to IPSAS in Portugal and Spain respectively. In the chapter five, there is a comparative analysis between Spain and Portugal, and the last chapter present the main conclusions. This book can help to understand the level of implementation of the reforms and how governments are applying the IPSAS.

Effects of Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (271 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards by : Wai Ling Yap

Download or read book Effects of Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards written by Wai Ling Yap and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is said to produce higher quality accounting information, greater comparability of accounts, greater consistency of accounting processes, greater transparency between firms and lower costs of capital. However, there are arguments against the adoption of IFRS. The first objective of this study is to examine the accounting quality of IFRS earnings and equity, compared to the accounting quality of earnings and equity prepared under previous standards; that is GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) for United Kingdom, Hong Kong, and Singapore firms. The second objective is to investigate the effect of IFRS on the accounts (earnings and equity) of the average listed firm in United Kingdom, Hong Kong and Singapore. These three countries are chosen because of their comparable historical Anglo-accounting system roots, but deviations in approaches during the accounting standards harmonization era. This study focuses on the initial adoption of IFRS, which is the most appropriate time to measure and fully capture the impact of the changes of accounting standards from GAAP to IFRS. The reason for this is because IFRS 1 First Time Adoption of International Financial Accounting Standards states that firms have to show reconciliations between previous GAAP and IFRS on (a) equity at the date of transition and the end of the latest period presented in the entity's most recent annual financial statements under GAAP, and (b) profit or loss of the latest period of the entity's most recent annual financial statements, with supplementary explanations necessary for understanding the transition. The results of this study shows the accounts of United Kingdom firms are most affected by the adoption of IFRSs when compared to Hong Kong and Singapore firms. Results also reveal that there is little evidence to conclude that financial statements prepared under IFRS are more market value relevant than financial statements prepared under GAAP.There is also little evidence to conclude that financial statements prepared under IFRSs are incrementally value relevant relative to financial statements prepared under GAAP. The conclusions are that countries that historically chose their GAAPs on selective IASs prior to the adoption of IFRSs were less affected by adjustments to companies equity and earnings. But these adjustments, even in the less harmonized companies in the United Kingdom, were not value relevant to the equity market.

Full Adoption of IFRS in Brazil

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Full Adoption of IFRS in Brazil by : Ricardo Menezes Silva

Download or read book Full Adoption of IFRS in Brazil written by Ricardo Menezes Silva and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of full adoption of IFRS on earnings quality and the cost of equity capital of Brazilian public companies in the period of 2000-2011. Given the multidimensionality of accounting information quality, the portfolio approach was adopted, which is restricted to the analysis of: i) earnings management (EM); ii) conditional conservatism; iii) value relevance; and iv) timeliness. Moreover, assuming an increase in information after full adoption, this contributes to the reduction of asymmetric information in the capital market. A reasonable conjecture is that there will be a reduction in the cost of capital given the more efficient allocation of resources. This empirical study was based on a panel data approach and differences in differences. The sample was defined from the theoretical portfolio IBrX-100, as well as utilizing 30 companies that adopted IFRS in advance. The results show that the hypothesis of an increase in accounting information quality after IFRS full adoption holds true. On the other hand, the models for analyzing the equity cost of capital, based on Li (2010), suggest a reduction in the cost of capital of around 7 basis points for companies that adopted IFRS mandatorily starting in 2010.

The Routledge Companion to Accounting in Emerging Economies

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351128485
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Companion to Accounting in Emerging Economies by : Pauline Weetman

Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Accounting in Emerging Economies written by Pauline Weetman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As researchers reveal the increasing complexities of accounting practices in emerging economies, there is a growing need for an overview of the topic. The Routledge Companion to Accounting in Emerging Economies is a prestige work offering an introduction to current scholarship in the field, with indications of future directions for enhancing the contribution to knowledge. With regional coverage of key emerging economies such as Brazil, Russia, India and China, the team of contributors analyse issues in accounting in detail, while shedding light on the role of the accounting profession in providing accountability and governance across the developing world. Each chapter is headed up by an internationally recognised author who is a leading expert in designing and implementing research approaches to the topic. Within the team of authors, some are experienced senior contributors while others are developing new avenues of exploration on the basis of high-quality doctoral study. This range of author experience has been deliberately chosen to allow the reader to envisage working in such a team while growing in confidence. This unique reference offers a comprehensive guide to advanced students, academics, practitioners and policy makers on the current state of, and potential developments in, accounting in developing economies globally. This work will be of particular interest to students and researchers looking to identify topics in emerging economies, academics and practitioners seeking convenient access to an unfamiliar area, and established researchers seeking a single repository on the current state of knowledge, current debates and relevant literature.

Firm Incentives, Institutional Factors and Accounting Quality

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Firm Incentives, Institutional Factors and Accounting Quality by : Ana Gisbert

Download or read book Firm Incentives, Institutional Factors and Accounting Quality written by Ana Gisbert and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the role of firm-specific factors that influence the company decision to improve the level of accounting quality after the IFRS adoption. Particularly, we focus on an emerging market economic with an institutional setting characterized by weak governance mechanisms and low-speed institutional changes. The chosen setting allows to contribute with further evidence to the current literature relative to the role of institutional vs. firm-specific factors on reporting incentives and therefore, on the financial reporting decisions. Changing the accounting system is not enough to improve the context of financial opacity across emerging markets, as any new accounting regulation must be simultaneously accompanied by significant institutional changes that strength the enforcement mechanisms in place (Fan et al., 2011, Ball et al., 2000). When these “formal” institutional changes do not take place, companies may be force to establish a firm-specific commitment towards the appropriate enforcement of the new accounting system, in order to obtain the attained benefits of a accounting regulatory change. Consistent with this idea, we look at the impact of a set of firm-specific variables that may affect the financial reporting decision and therefore, the degree of accounting quality. Particularly, we focus a set of variables related to (a) the ownership structure, (b) a set of governance mechanisms: auditor and listing status; (c) the degree of internationalization, and (d) other financial characteristics. The results provide evidence on the relevance of a set of firm-specific characteristics on the level of earnings quality increase. Particularly, internationalization and growth opportunities are clear determinants of increases in earnings quality. Consistent with the previous literature, the ownership concentration reveals as a limiting factor to increases in earnings quality after the IFRS adoption. Finally, the results also suggest the lack of strong oversight and enforcement mechanisms compared to other institutional settings may harm the expected role of the auditors or alternative governance mechanisms such as the capital markets listing categories.

The Politics of Accounting Regulation

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Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1781001065
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Accounting Regulation by : Sebastian Botzem

Download or read book The Politics of Accounting Regulation written by Sebastian Botzem and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'How and why do transnational regulatory bodies emerge? How do they acquire the authority and confidence to be actors in their own right? These questions preoccupy scholars in many disciplines and Sebastian Botzem's The Politics of Accounting Regulation makes an important contribution to the debates. Focusing on the case of the International Accounting Standards Board over a critical period of its development including the financial crisis Botzem addresses its evolution as an organization which produces accounting standards and whose efforts to be outside politics are inevitably and irredeemably political in nature. This book is essential reading for sociologists, political scientists, accountants and anyone else interested in the organization of global governance.' Michael Power, London School of Economics, UK The financial crisis underlines the relevance of accounting standards as much more than instrumental rules for corporate reporting. This important book outlines the accounting standards that embody societal and professional values and contribute to the distribution of financial benefits that put international harmonization of standards into the limelight. Sebastian Botzem reveals that international standards have emerged after decades of contest and political bargaining which resulted in closely aligned standards, voluntary consultation procedures and a network structure comprising actors mainly stemming from global auditing firms, regulators and international organizations.

The impact of mandatory adoption of international financial reporting standards on accounting quality, analysts' information environment and cost of capital in Latin America

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The impact of mandatory adoption of international financial reporting standards on accounting quality, analysts' information environment and cost of capital in Latin America by :

Download or read book The impact of mandatory adoption of international financial reporting standards on accounting quality, analysts' information environment and cost of capital in Latin America written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Role of International Financial Reporting Standards in Accounting Quality

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of International Financial Reporting Standards in Accounting Quality by : Huifa Chen

Download or read book The Role of International Financial Reporting Standards in Accounting Quality written by Huifa Chen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous studies on the effect of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on accounting quality often have difficulties to control for confounding factors on accounting quality. As a result, the observed changes in accounting quality could not be attributed mainly to IFRS. We use a unique research setting to address this issue by comparing the accounting quality of publicly listed companies in 15 member states of the European Union before and after the full adoption of IFRS in 2005. We use five indicators as proxies for accounting quality. We find that the majority of accounting quality indicators improved after IFRS adoption in the European Union. That is, there is less of managing earnings towards a target, a lower magnitude of absolute discretionary accruals, and higher accruals quality. But our results also show that firms engage in more earnings smoothing and recognize large losses in a less timely manner in post-IFRS periods. In addition, we examine the effects of institutional variables on financial reporting quality. Our contribution to the literature is that we show the improved accounting quality is attributable to IFRS, rather than changes in managerial incentives, institutional features of capital markets, and general business environment, etc.

An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Adopting International Financial Reporting Standards

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Adopting International Financial Reporting Standards by : Mohamed H. Warsame

Download or read book An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Adopting International Financial Reporting Standards written by Mohamed H. Warsame and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the impact of adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the prior and superseded International Accounting Standards (IAS) on investor returns, the level of earnings management and the value relevance of accounting information in African capital markets. This study is motivated by the growing momentum of African countries adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for listed, cross listed or even unlisted companies. Prior to the adoption of IFRS, a high level of diversity existed in accounting standards between African countries. These differences consisted of the number of promulgated standards, conservatism of these standards, their completeness for potential accounting transactions, depth and guidelines on allowable measurement methods and disclosure requirements. First, this study empirically examines whether IFRS adoption has impacted investor returns through the informativeness of reported earnings and secondly, whether the level of discretionary earnings management as determined by several models and proxies has declined from the IFRS adoption. Thirdly, this study examines the changes in value relevance of accounting information from the migration to IFRS. This study finds significantly higher informativeness of reported earnings under IFRS for investor returns compared to earnings per share (EPS) reporting under local GAAP after controlling for confounding factors. This provides evidence for the valuation impact of IFRS adoption. Furthermore, this study finds evidence of significantly lower earnings management by firms using IFRS compared to firms utilizing local GAAP's. This lower earnings management by IFRS reporting firms is observed for both the use of discretionary accruals to manage earnings upwards and earnings smoothing. On the value relevance of financial statements, this study first, finds that accounting reports are value relevant in all African markets examined. In addition, IFRS adopted countries and those harmonizing closely with IFRS are found to have the highest value relevance. Furthermore, test of difference in value relevance in South Africa between IFRS and South African GAAP reporting firms shows significantly higher value relevance for IFRS accounting information. -- Abstract.

Wiley International Trends in Financial Reporting under IFRS

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118233824
Total Pages : 1001 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis Wiley International Trends in Financial Reporting under IFRS by : Abbas A. Mirza

Download or read book Wiley International Trends in Financial Reporting under IFRS written by Abbas A. Mirza and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-10-05 with total page 1001 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wiley International Financial Reporting Trends provides copious examples of footnote disclosures and financial statement formats, carefully culled from the world's leading international companies ("Global 500") that are already compliant with IFRS and report under IFRS standards promulgated by the International Accounting Standards Board, the IASB. Arranged topically, this book is a quick source of reference to find answers to issues of interest to financial statement preparers. It provides hundreds of illustrations taken from financial statements prepared under IFRS by global conglomerates thereby helping preparers and users of financial statements to expeditiously obtain examples of footnote disclosures and financial statements presented under these Standards which are popularly referred to as "principles-based" standards (as opposed to "rules-based" standards). Additionally, Wiley International Financial Reporting Trends contains comparisons of IFRS to US GAAP, Indian GAAP, and Chinese GAAP, making it a truly global reference resource.

Accounting and Financial Reporting Challenges for Government, Non-Profits, and the Private Sector

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668472953
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Accounting and Financial Reporting Challenges for Government, Non-Profits, and the Private Sector by : Albuquerque, Fábio

Download or read book Accounting and Financial Reporting Challenges for Government, Non-Profits, and the Private Sector written by Albuquerque, Fábio and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-05-18 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To follow the macroeconomic scenario in which the entities are inserted, financial reporting is constantly evolving. In addition to the topics that need to be considered, there is also an evolution in how the report itself is produced and analyzed where technological developments exert a permanent influence on the process. Several of the trending topics do not fall within the jurisdiction of the competent authorities. The needs of the users of the report also influence the form and content of the report as an element that also changes over time. Accounting and Financial Reporting Challenges for Government, Non-Profits, and the Private Sector addresses the latest accounting topics and their practical and educational relations with local and international regulations, standards, and practices. It deals with new challenges and trends in accounting and reporting for organizations from different institutional sectors, including private, public, and non-profit ones. Covering topics such as creative accounting, financial reporting, and stakeholder participation, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for accountants, government officials, business leaders, managers, policymakers, students and educators of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Digitalisation: Opportunities and Challenges for Business

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303126956X
Total Pages : 899 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Digitalisation: Opportunities and Challenges for Business by : Bahaaeddin Alareeni

Download or read book Digitalisation: Opportunities and Challenges for Business written by Bahaaeddin Alareeni and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-27 with total page 899 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the implications of technology, entrepreneurship, and business ‎‎development gadgets ‎for applications in societies. In this book proceedings, we attempt to address the importance and impact of digitalization and ‎on business development in the context ‎of economic ‎diversity, that is through various propositions of ‎modern technology and entrepreneurial ‎actions, and through the lens of case studies, experiments, empirical ‎assessments, just to name a ‎few research methodological stances and approaches.‎ This book highlights a range of topics in the fields of technology, ‎entrepreneurship, business administration, accounting, and economics that can contribute to business ‎development in developing countries, such as learning machines, artificial intelligence, big data, ‎deep ‎‎learning, game-based learning, management information system, ‎accounting information ‎system, knowledge management, entrepreneurship and social enterprise, corporate social responsibility and sustainability, business policy and strategic management, international management and organizations, organizational behavior and HRM, operations management and logistics research, controversial issues in management and organizations, turnaround, corporate entrepreneurship, and innovation, legal issues, business ethics, and firm governance, and firm financial affairs, non-traditional research, and creative methodologies. This book is ideal for academicians, activists, curriculum ‎developers, researchers, professionals, administrators, and policymakers. The readers of this book could gain an up-to-date know-how on state-of-the-modern technology, entrepreneurship, and business development and achievements in this regard from the research standpoint of view.

A Perceptual Study of the Implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards for Enhancing Accounting Financial Transparency

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis A Perceptual Study of the Implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards for Enhancing Accounting Financial Transparency by : Pinky Dholakia

Download or read book A Perceptual Study of the Implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards for Enhancing Accounting Financial Transparency written by Pinky Dholakia and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A financial reporting system supported by strong governance, high quality standards and firm regulatory framework is the key to economic development. Indeed, sound financial reporting standards underline the trust that investors place in financial reporting information and thus play an important role in contributing to the economic development of a country. This leads us to study the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for rapid growth of international trade and internationalization of firms. The IFRS issued by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) is increasingly being recognized as Global Reporting Standards. To date, there has been limited research conducted into the effects/implications of IFRS adoption. Thus, the present study aims to identify and evaluate the materiality of the impact of IFRS adoption on companies' financial position and performance, and examine individual standards and their effect on shareholders' equity. A model has been proposed to find out the views of Chartered Accountants (CA), Company Secretaries (CS), Postgraduates, Doctorates and ICWA, who are mainly concerned with the standards so that their acceptability towards IFRS can be assessed.

Measuring the Impact of International Financial Reporting Standards on Market Performance of Publicly Traded Companies

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring the Impact of International Financial Reporting Standards on Market Performance of Publicly Traded Companies by : Amanda M. Grossman

Download or read book Measuring the Impact of International Financial Reporting Standards on Market Performance of Publicly Traded Companies written by Amanda M. Grossman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decision whether to require publicly traded companies to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) remains in flux. In 2008, the US Securities and Exchange Commission proposed a roadmap leading to complete acceptance of IFRS in the US. With the potential replacement of US GAAP with IFRS in the near future, understanding the impact of IFRS on corporate financial reporting is more important than ever. This study examines two factors which are critical considerations in the decision to accept or not accept IFRS in the US: How different is financial statement information derived under IFRS from information derived under US generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP); and how much incremental information value, if any, is provided by IFRS over US GAAP. The present study extends prior research by examining concurrently both differences and their impact on market performance. Findings of this study support the view that differences on financial statement results between IFRS and US GAAP are not significant, thus, supporting proponents of adoption of IFRS in the US, after which all US publicly traded companies would use IFRS and not US GAAP.