The Impact Of Police Violence On Communities Unpacking How Fatal Use Of Force Influences Resident Calls To 911 And Police Activity

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The impact of police violence on communities: Unpacking how fatal use of force influences resident calls to 911 and police activity

Author : Kevin Strom
Publisher : RTI Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The impact of police violence on communities: Unpacking how fatal use of force influences resident calls to 911 and police activity by : Kevin Strom

Download or read book The impact of police violence on communities: Unpacking how fatal use of force influences resident calls to 911 and police activity written by Kevin Strom and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2024-01-24 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A seminal piece in our understanding of how high-profle cases of police violence can affect communities, Desmond, Papachristos, and Kirk (2016), found that resident calls to the police via 911 significantly declined after the beating of Frank Jude. These effects were especially prevalent in primarily Black neighborhoods. In this study, we used an interrupted time series design to replicate the original results in a different city using a fatal incident of police violence. We also extended the methods of original study by further disaggregating the follow-up efects to include officer-initiated events, which capture more discretionary activity for patrol officers. Our results confirm the original findings, with resident calls to 911 declining in majority-Black neighborhoods after a deadly incident of police violence, signifying a decay in community trust and legitimacy. Importantly, we also fnd an immediate and striking decline in officer-initiated activity after the same incident in majority-Black neighborhoods. Conversely, White neighborhoods experienced a slight increase. This study reinforces and adds further context to a growing body of research that explains how incidents of police violence can affect the actions of community residents and the police, including how we conceptualize and measure the concept of “de-policing.”

Preventing non-communicable diseases using pricing policies

Author : Shu Wen Ng
Publisher : RTI Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing non-communicable diseases using pricing policies by : Shu Wen Ng

Download or read book Preventing non-communicable diseases using pricing policies written by Shu Wen Ng and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2021-05-27 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in an effective and sustainable way will require forward-looking policy solutions that can address multiple objectives. This was true pre–COVID-19 and is even more true now. There are already examples from across the globe and within the United States that show how these may be possible. Although there are still many unknowns around how the design, targeting, level, sequencing, integration, and implementation of fiscal policies together can maximize their NCD prevention potential, there is already clear evidence that health taxes and particularly sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are cost-effective. Nonetheless, policies alone may not succeed. Political will to prioritize well-being, protections against industry interference, and public buy-in are necessary. If those elements align, pricing policies that consider the context in question can be designed and implemented to achieve several goals around reducing consumption of unhealthy SSBs and foods, narrowing existing nutritional and health disparities, encouraging economic and social development. The US and its local and state jurisdictions should consider these pricing policy issues and their contexts carefully, in collaboration with community partners and researchers, to design multi-duty actions and to be prepared for future windows of opportunities to open for policy passage and implementation.

Cop in the Hood

Author : Peter Moskos
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400832268
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Cop in the Hood by : Peter Moskos

Download or read book Cop in the Hood written by Peter Moskos and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-03 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Harvard-trained sociologist Peter Moskos left the classroom to become a cop in Baltimore's Eastern District, he was thrust deep into police culture and the ways of the street--the nerve-rattling patrols, the thriving drug corners, and a world of poverty and violence that outsiders never see. In Cop in the Hood, Moskos reveals the truths he learned on the midnight shift. Through Moskos's eyes, we see police academy graduates unprepared for the realities of the street, success measured by number of arrests, and the ultimate failure of the war on drugs. In addition to telling an explosive insider's story of what it is really like to be a police officer, he makes a passionate argument for drug legalization as the only realistic way to end drug violence--and let cops once again protect and serve. In a new afterword, Moskos describes the many benefits of foot patrol--or, as he calls it, "policing green."

Sophie's World

Author : Jostein Gaarder
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 1466804270
Total Pages : 599 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis Sophie's World by : Jostein Gaarder

Download or read book Sophie's World written by Jostein Gaarder and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A page-turning novel that is also an exploration of the great philosophical concepts of Western thought, Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World has fired the imagination of readers all over the world, with more than twenty million copies in print. One day fourteen-year-old Sophie Amundsen comes home from school to find in her mailbox two notes, with one question on each: "Who are you?" and "Where does the world come from?" From that irresistible beginning, Sophie becomes obsessed with questions that take her far beyond what she knows of her Norwegian village. Through those letters, she enrolls in a kind of correspondence course, covering Socrates to Sartre, with a mysterious philosopher, while receiving letters addressed to another girl. Who is Hilde? And why does her mail keep turning up? To unravel this riddle, Sophie must use the philosophy she is learning—but the truth turns out to be far more complicated than she could have imagined.

Living the Drama

Author : David J. Harding
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226316661
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Living the Drama by : David J. Harding

Download or read book Living the Drama written by David J. Harding and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-04-15 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the middle class and the affluent, local ties seem to matter less and less these days, but in the inner city, your life can be irrevocably shaped by what block you live on. Living the Drama takes a close look at three neighborhoods in Boston to analyze the many complex ways that the context of community shapes the daily lives and long-term prospects of inner-city boys. David J. Harding studied sixty adolescent boys growing up in two very poor areas and one working-class area. In the first two, violence and neighborhood identification are inextricably linked as rivalries divide the city into spaces safe, neutral, or dangerous. Consequently, Harding discovers, social relationships are determined by residential space. Older boys who can navigate the dangers of the streets serve as role models, and friendships between peers grow out of mutual protection. The impact of community goes beyond the realm of same-sex bonding, Harding reveals, affecting the boys’ experiences in school and with the opposite sex. A unique glimpse into the world of urban adolescent boys, Living the Drama paints a detailed, insightful portrait of life in the inner city.

CONFLICTS IN YEMEN AND U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY.

Author : W. Andrew Terrill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (138 download)

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Book Synopsis CONFLICTS IN YEMEN AND U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY. by : W. Andrew Terrill

Download or read book CONFLICTS IN YEMEN AND U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY. written by W. Andrew Terrill and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Judicial Response to Police Killings in Latin America

Author : Daniel M. Brinks
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 113946650X
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Judicial Response to Police Killings in Latin America by : Daniel M. Brinks

Download or read book The Judicial Response to Police Killings in Latin America written by Daniel M. Brinks and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-10-22 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents the corrosive effect of social exclusion on democracy and the rule of law. It shows how marginalization prevents citizens from effectively engaging even the best legal systems, how politics creeps into prosecutorial and judicial decision making, and how institutional change is often nullified by enduring contextual factors. It also shows how some institutional arrangements can overcome these impediments. The argument is based on extensive field work and original data on the investigation and prosecution of more than 500 police homicides in five legal systems in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. It includes both qualitative analyses of individual violations and prosecutions and quantitative analyses of broad patterns within and across jurisdictions. The book offers a structured comparison of police, prosecutorial, and judicial institutions in each location, and shows that analyses of any one of these organizations in isolation misses many of the essential dynamics that underlie an effective system of justice.

Keeping Faith with the Constitution

Author : Goodwin Liu
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199752834
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Keeping Faith with the Constitution by : Goodwin Liu

Download or read book Keeping Faith with the Constitution written by Goodwin Liu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-05 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chief Justice John Marshall argued that a constitution "requires that only its great outlines should be marked [and] its important objects designated." Ours is "intended to endure for ages to come, and consequently, to be adapted to the various crises of human affairs." In recent years, Marshall's great truths have been challenged by proponents of originalism and strict construction. Such legal thinkers as Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia argue that the Constitution must be construed and applied as it was when the Framers wrote it. In Keeping Faith with the Constitution, three legal authorities make the case for Marshall's vision. They describe their approach as "constitutional fidelity"--not to how the Framers would have applied the Constitution, but to the text and principles of the Constitution itself. The original understanding of the text is one source of interpretation, but not the only one; to preserve the meaning and authority of the document, to keep it vital, applications of the Constitution must be shaped by precedent, historical experience, practical consequence, and societal change. The authors range across the history of constitutional interpretation to show how this approach has been the source of our greatest advances, from Brown v. Board of Education to the New Deal, from the Miranda decision to the expansion of women's rights. They delve into the complexities of voting rights, the malapportionment of legislative districts, speech freedoms, civil liberties and the War on Terror, and the evolution of checks and balances. The Constitution's framers could never have imagined DNA, global warming, or even women's equality. Yet these and many more realities shape our lives and outlook. Our Constitution will remain vital into our changing future, the authors write, if judges remain true to this rich tradition of adaptation and fidelity.

Understanding Police Use of Force

Author : Geoffrey P. Alpert
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521837736
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (377 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Police Use of Force by : Geoffrey P. Alpert

Download or read book Understanding Police Use of Force written by Geoffrey P. Alpert and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-16 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description

Between the World and Me

Author : Ta-Nehisi Coates
Publisher : One World
ISBN 13 : 0679645985
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (796 download)

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Book Synopsis Between the World and Me by : Ta-Nehisi Coates

Download or read book Between the World and Me written by Ta-Nehisi Coates and published by One World. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • NATIONAL BOOK AWARD WINNER • NAMED ONE OF TIME’S TEN BEST NONFICTION BOOKS OF THE DECADE • PULITZER PRIZE FINALIST • NATIONAL BOOK CRITICS CIRCLE AWARD FINALIST • ONE OF OPRAH’S “BOOKS THAT HELP ME THROUGH” • NOW AN HBO ORIGINAL SPECIAL EVENT Hailed by Toni Morrison as “required reading,” a bold and personal literary exploration of America’s racial history by “the most important essayist in a generation and a writer who changed the national political conversation about race” (Rolling Stone) NAMED ONE OF THE MOST INFLUENTIAL BOOKS OF THE DECADE BY CNN • NAMED ONE OF PASTE’S BEST MEMOIRS OF THE DECADE • NAMED ONE OF THE TEN BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The New York Times Book Review • O: The Oprah Magazine • The Washington Post • People • Entertainment Weekly • Vogue • Los Angeles Times • San Francisco Chronicle • Chicago Tribune • New York • Newsday • Library Journal • Publishers Weekly In a profound work that pivots from the biggest questions about American history and ideals to the most intimate concerns of a father for his son, Ta-Nehisi Coates offers a powerful new framework for understanding our nation’s history and current crisis. Americans have built an empire on the idea of “race,” a falsehood that damages us all but falls most heavily on the bodies of black women and men—bodies exploited through slavery and segregation, and, today, threatened, locked up, and murdered out of all proportion. What is it like to inhabit a black body and find a way to live within it? And how can we all honestly reckon with this fraught history and free ourselves from its burden? Between the World and Me is Ta-Nehisi Coates’s attempt to answer these questions in a letter to his adolescent son. Coates shares with his son—and readers—the story of his awakening to the truth about his place in the world through a series of revelatory experiences, from Howard University to Civil War battlefields, from the South Side of Chicago to Paris, from his childhood home to the living rooms of mothers whose children’s lives were taken as American plunder. Beautifully woven from personal narrative, reimagined history, and fresh, emotionally charged reportage, Between the World and Me clearly illuminates the past, bracingly confronts our present, and offers a transcendent vision for a way forward.

Managing calls to the police with 911/311 systems

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing calls to the police with 911/311 systems by :

Download or read book Managing calls to the police with 911/311 systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Children of the Prison Boom

Author : Sara Wakefield
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199989222
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Children of the Prison Boom by : Sara Wakefield

Download or read book Children of the Prison Boom written by Sara Wakefield and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children of the Prison Boom describes the devastating effects of America's experiment in mass incarceration for a generation of vulnerable children. Wakefield and Wildeman find that parental imprisonment leads to increased mental health and behavioral problems, infant mortality, and child homelessness which translate into large-scale increases in racial inequality.

The President and Immigration Law

Author : Adam B. Cox
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190694386
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The President and Immigration Law by : Adam B. Cox

Download or read book The President and Immigration Law written by Adam B. Cox and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Who controls American immigration policy? The biggest immigration controversies of the last decade have all involved policies produced by the President policies such as President Obama's decision to protect Dreamers from deportation and President Trump's proclamation banning immigrants from several majority-Muslim nations. While critics of these policies have been separated by a vast ideological chasm, their broadsides have embodied the same widely shared belief: that Congress, not the President, ought to dictate who may come to the United States and who will be forced to leave. This belief is a myth. In The President and Immigration Law, Adam B. Cox and Cristina M. Rodríguez chronicle the untold story of how, over the course of two centuries, the President became our immigration policymaker-in-chief. Diving deep into the history of American immigration policy from founding-era disputes over deporting sympathizers with France to contemporary debates about asylum-seekers at the Southern border they show how migration crises, real or imagined, have empowered presidents. Far more importantly, they also uncover how the Executive's ordinary power to decide when to enforce the law, and against whom, has become an extraordinarily powerful vehicle for making immigration policy. This pathbreaking account helps us understand how the United States ?has come to run an enormous shadow immigration system-one in which nearly half of all noncitizens in the country are living in violation of the law. It also provides a blueprint for reform, one that accepts rather than laments the role the President plays in shaping the national community, while also outlining strategies to curb the abuse of law enforcement authority in immigration and beyond.

The Circle

Author : Dave Eggers
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0385351402
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (853 download)

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Book Synopsis The Circle by : Dave Eggers

Download or read book The Circle written by Dave Eggers and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER • A bestselling dystopian novel that tackles surveillance, privacy and the frightening intrusions of technology in our lives—a “compulsively readable parable for the 21st century” (Vanity Fair). When Mae Holland is hired to work for the Circle, the world’s most powerful internet company, she feels she’s been given the opportunity of a lifetime. The Circle, run out of a sprawling California campus, links users’ personal emails, social media, banking, and purchasing with their universal operating system, resulting in one online identity and a new age of civility and transparency. As Mae tours the open-plan office spaces, the towering glass dining facilities, the cozy dorms for those who spend nights at work, she is thrilled with the company’s modernity and activity. There are parties that last through the night, there are famous musicians playing on the lawn, there are athletic activities and clubs and brunches, and even an aquarium of rare fish retrieved from the Marianas Trench by the CEO. Mae can’t believe her luck, her great fortune to work for the most influential company in the world—even as life beyond the campus grows distant, even as a strange encounter with a colleague leaves her shaken, even as her role at the Circle becomes increasingly public. What begins as the captivating story of one woman’s ambition and idealism soon becomes a heart-racing novel of suspense, raising questions about memory, history, privacy, democracy, and the limits of human knowledge.

Response Time Analysis

Author : Kansas City (Mo.). Police Department
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Response Time Analysis by : Kansas City (Mo.). Police Department

Download or read book Response Time Analysis written by Kansas City (Mo.). Police Department and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The procedures and results of a response time analysis study, which was designed to assess the value of police response to a variety of incidents, are summarized. The two primary objectives of this Kansas City, Missouri, study were: (1) analysis of the relationship of response time to the outcomes of on-scene criminal apprehension, witness availability, citizen satisfaction, and the frequency of citizen injuries in connection with crime and noncrime incidents; and (2) the identification of problems and patterns in reporting crime and requesting police assistance. The study design/data collection process continued over a 3-year period. Data were collected by civilian observers, communication tape analysis, and telephone and personal interviewers. Observers accompanied officers in the field to collect data on travel times and on-scene activities, while tape analysts collected dispatch times by timing verbal exchanges recorded on communications unit tape recordings. Victims of crimes and citizens who reported crime and noncrime incidents were interviewed to obtain reporting time data and to identify the problems encountered and patterns followed by those citizens reporting incidents or requesting police services. To analyze the relationships between response time and outcomes, three intervals in response times were considered: citizen reporting, communications dispatching, and police travel time. Variations in these intervals were then analyzed to see how they affected the probability of making an on-scene arrest and contacting a witness on scene, and how they affected recovery from injuries sustained during the commission of crimes. In addition, to see if the length of response time affected citizen satisfaction, police dispatch and travel times were again analyzed, along with other factors (such as citizens' social characteristics, expected response times, and perceptions of how long response took) considered to be possible determinants of citizens' satisfaction. Results indicated that reporting time was longer than either the time taken to dispatch a call or the time taken to travel to a call, and was nearly as long as the combined time taken to dispatch and travel to a call. For a large proportion of the crimes discovered some time after the incident had occurred, response time was found to be unrelated to the probability of making an arrest or locating a witness. For those crimes involving a victim or witness, reporting time was the strongest time determinant of arrest and witness availability. Citizen satisfaction was more closely related to citizens' expectations and perceptions about response time than to actual response time.

Mass Challenge

Author : Tino Sanandaji
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030468089
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Mass Challenge by : Tino Sanandaji

Download or read book Mass Challenge written by Tino Sanandaji and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-26 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the socioeconomic effects of immigration to Sweden. Historically, Sweden was a homogeneous country. In recent years, this has changed dramatically as Sweden has received more refugees per capita than any comparable country: this makes Sweden an interesting case study for analyzing the social and economic impact of refugee migration to European welfare states. The book highlights the long-term effects of low-skilled immigration to welfare states, while tying this to the broader European experience. Much of the public discussion of immigration in the West has focused on the American experience, which differs significantly from refugee migration to European welfare states. Research has shown that immigration is not a unitary phenomenon, and that its social and economic effects depend both on the type of migrants and on the receiving country. As demonstrated in the book, European welfare states have fairly similar outcomes with regard to refugee migration, but with differences in degree and the scale of migration. Their experience, however, contrasts with American outcomes as well as with high-skilled migration to Europe. This book is a translated, updated, and expanded version of the successful Swedish original entitled Massutmaning (2017). This book is translated by Jonas Vesterberg and edited by Pontus Tholin.

Proactive Policing

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309467136
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Proactive Policing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Proactive Policing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.