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The Four Voyages Of Columbus
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Download or read book Columbus written by Laurence Bergreen and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2012-09-25 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He knew nothing of celestial navigation or of the existence of the Pacific Ocean. He was a self-promoting and ambitious entrepreneur. His maps were a hybrid of fantasy and delusion. When he did make land, he enslaved the populace he found, encouraged genocide, and polluted relations between peoples. He ended his career in near lunacy. But Columbus had one asset that made all the difference, an inborn sense of the sea, of wind and weather, and of selecting the optimal course to get from A to B. Laurence Bergreen's energetic and bracing book gives the whole Columbus and most importantly, the whole of his career, not just the highlight of 1492. Columbus undertook three more voyages between 1494 and 1504, each designed to demonstrate that he could sail to China within a matter of weeks and convert those he found there to Christianity. By their conclusion, Columbus was broken in body and spirit, a hero undone by the tragic flaw of pride. If the first voyage illustrates the rewards of exploration, this book shows how the subsequent voyages illustrate the costs - political, moral, and economic.
Book Synopsis The Four Voyages of Christopher Columbus by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book The Four Voyages of Christopher Columbus written by Christopher Columbus and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2004-02-05 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No gamble in history has been more momentous than the landfall of Columbus's ship the Santa Maria in the Americas in 1492 - an event that paved the way for the conquest of a 'New World'. The accounts collected here provide a vivid narrative of his voyages throughout the Caribbean and finally to the mainland of Central America, although he still believed he had reached Asia. Columbus himself is revealed as a fascinating and contradictory figure, fluctuating from awed enthusiasm to paranoia and eccentric geographical speculation. Prey to petty quarrels with his officers, his pious desire to bring Christian civilization to 'savages' matched by his rapacity for gold, Columbus was nonetheless an explorer and seaman of staggering vision and achievement.
Download or read book Columbus written by Laurence Bergreen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published: New York: Viking Adult, 2011.
Book Synopsis The Four Voyages of Columbus by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book The Four Voyages of Columbus written by Christopher Columbus and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Log of Christopher Columbus' First Voyage to America in the Year 1492 by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book The Log of Christopher Columbus' First Voyage to America in the Year 1492 written by Christopher Columbus and published by Martino Fine Books. This book was released on 2011-02 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2011 Reprint of the 1920 Edition. Illustrated by Cosgrove. Full facsimile of the original edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. This is the actual log of Christopher Columbus as copied out by his companion, Bartholomew Las Casas. Besides being authentic source material about the voyage and the core of the Columbus legend, this journal has all the day-by-day enchantment of a long sea voyage with all the drama of a small ship steering into the unknown-the first pelican, a crab in the seaweed, a branch of roseberries and a carved log found floating in the water, mutterings of mutiny and the constant watch for signs of land. John Cosgrove, the illustrator, adds to the book on every page with pictures of whales and riggings, compasses and charts, which are both decorative and accurate pictorial footnotes to the log.
Book Synopsis Select Letters of Christopher Columbus by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book Select Letters of Christopher Columbus written by Christopher Columbus and published by . This book was released on 1847 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem by : Carol Delaney
Download or read book Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem written by Carol Delaney and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIVE HUNDRED YEARS AFTER HE SET SAIL, the dominant understanding of Christopher Columbus holds him responsible for almost everything that went wrong in the New World. Here, finally, is a book that will radically change our interpretation of the man and his mission. Scholar Carol Delaney claims that the true motivation for Columbus’s voyages is very different from what is commonly accepted. She argues that he was inspired to find a western route to the Orient not only to obtain vast sums of gold for the Spanish Crown but primarily to help fund a new crusade to take Jerusalem from the Muslims—a goal that sustained him until the day he died. Rather than an avaricious glory hunter, Delaney reveals Columbus as a man of deep passion, patience, and religious conviction. Delaney sets the stage by describing the tumultuous events that had beset Europe in the years leading up to Columbus’s birth—the failure of multiple crusades to keep Jerusalem in Christian hands; the devastation of the Black Plague; and the schisms in the Church. Then, just two years after his birth, the sacking of Constantinople by the Ottomans barred Christians from the trade route to the East and the pilgrimage route to Jerusalem. Columbus’s belief that he was destined to play a decisive role in the retaking of Jerusalem was the force that drove him to petition the Spanish monarchy to fund his journey, even in the face of ridicule about his idea of sailing west to reach the East. Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem is based on extensive archival research, trips to Spain and Italy to visit important sites in Columbus’s life story, and a close reading of writings from his day. It recounts the drama of the four voyages, bringing the trials of ocean navigation vividly to life and showing Columbus for the master navigator that he was. Delaney offers not an apologist’s take, but a clear-eyed, thought-provoking, and timely reappraisal of the man and his legacy. She depicts him as a thoughtful interpreter of the native cultures that he and his men encountered, and unfolds the tragic story of how his initial attempts to establish good relations with the natives turned badly sour, culminating in his being brought back to Spain as a prisoner in chains. Putting Columbus back into the context of his times, rather than viewing him through the prism of present-day perspectives on colonial conquests, Delaney shows him to have been neither a greedy imperialist nor a quixotic adventurer, as he has lately been depicted, but a man driven by an abiding religious passion.
Book Synopsis Letter Of Christopher Columbus To Rafael Sanchez, Written On Board The Caravel While Returning From His First Voyage by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book Letter Of Christopher Columbus To Rafael Sanchez, Written On Board The Caravel While Returning From His First Voyage written by Christopher Columbus and published by . This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Letter Of Christopher Columbus To Rafael Sanchez, Written On Board The Caravel While Returning From His First Voyage has been considered by academicians and scholars of great significance and value to literature. This forms a part of the knowledge base for future generations. So that the book is never forgotten we have represented this book in a print format as the same form as it was originally first published. Hence any marks or annotations seen are left intentionally to preserve its true nature.
Book Synopsis The Book of Prophecies by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book The Book of Prophecies written by Christopher Columbus and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2004-04-09 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christopher Columbus returned to Europe in the final days of 1500, ending his third voyage to the Indies not in triumph but in chains. Seeking to justify his actions and protect his rights, he began to compile biblical texts and excerpts from patristic writings and medieval theology in a manuscript known as the Book of Prophecies. This unprecedented collection was designed to support his vision of the discovery of the Indies as an important event in the process of human salvation - a first step toward the liberation of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim domination. This work is part of a twelve-volume series produced by U.C.L.A.'s Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies which involved the collaboration of some forty scholars over the course of fourteen years. In this volume of the series, Roberto Rusconi has written a complete historical introduction to the Book of Prophecies, describing the manuscript's history and analyzing its principal themes. His edition of the documents, the only modern one, includes a complete critical apparatus and detailed commentary, while the facing-page English translations allow Columbus's work to be appreciated by the general public and scholars alike.
Book Synopsis The Diario of Christopher Columbus's First Voyage to America, 1492-1493 by :
Download or read book The Diario of Christopher Columbus's First Voyage to America, 1492-1493 written by and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This definitive edition of Columbus's account of the voyage presents the most accurate printed version of his journal available to date. Unfortunately both Columbus's original manuscript, presented to Ferdinand and Isabella along with other evidence of his discoveries, and a single complete copy have been lost for centuries. The primary surviving record of the voyage-part quotation, part summary of the complete copy-is a transcription made by Bartolome de las Casas in the 1530s. This new edition of the Las Casas manuscript presents its entire contents-including notes, insertions, and canceled text-more accurately, completely, and graphically than any other Spanish text published so far. In addition, the new translation, which strives for readability and accuracy, appears on pages facing the Spanish, encouraging on-the- spot comparisons of the translation with the original. Study of the work is further facilitated by extensive notes, documenting differences between the editors' transcription and translation and those of other transcribers and translators and summarizing current research and debates on unanswered current research and debates on unanswered questions concerning the voyage. In addition to being the only edition in which Spanish and English are presented side by side, this edition includes the only concordance ever prepared for the Diario. Awaited by scholars, this new edition will help reduce the guesswork that has long plagued the study of Columbus's voyage. It may shed light on a number of issues related to Columbus's navigational methods and the identity of his landing places, issues whose resolution depend, at least in part, on an accurate transcription of the Diario. Containing day-by-day accounts of the voyage and the first sighting of land, of the first encounters with the native populations and the first appraisals of his islands explored, and of a suspenseful return voyage to Spain, the Diario provides a fascinating and useful account to historians, geographers, anthropologists, sailors, students, and anyone else interested in the discovery-or in a very good sea story. Oliver Dunn received the PH.D. degree from Cornell University. He is Professor Emeritus in Purdue University and a longtime student of Spanish and early history of Spanish America. James E. Kelley, Jr., received the M.A. degree from American University. A mathematician and computer and management consultant by vocation, for the past twenty years he has studied the history of European cartography and navigation in late-medieval times. Both are members of the Society for the History of Discoveries and have written extensively on the history of navigation and on Columbus's first voyage, Although they remain unconvinced of its conclusions, both were consultants to the National geographic Society's 1986 effort to establish Samana Cay as the site of Columbus's first landing.
Book Synopsis Personal Narrative of the First Voyage of Columbus to America by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book Personal Narrative of the First Voyage of Columbus to America written by Christopher Columbus and published by . This book was released on 1827 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Four Voyages of Columbus by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book The Four Voyages of Columbus written by Christopher Columbus and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Journey with Christopher Columbus by : Stuart A. Kallen
Download or read book A Journey with Christopher Columbus written by Stuart A. Kallen and published by Lerner Publications ™. This book was released on 2017-08-01 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1492 Christopher Columbus sailed west from Europe and landed on a Caribbean island in what he thought was India. Over the next twelve years, Columbus made several voyages to the New World, seeking gold and power and bringing other Europeans to start colonies. How can we know what the journey was like for Columbus, his shipmates, and the Taino people he met in the Caribbean? We can study maps and tools Columbus used, excerpts from his journal, and carvings and jewelry created by the Taino. Explore primary sources from his time to learn more about his famous journey.
Book Synopsis Four Voyages to the New World by : Christopher Columbus
Download or read book Four Voyages to the New World written by Christopher Columbus and published by New York : Corinth Books. This book was released on 1961 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1847 under title: Select letters of Christopher Columbus. The letters are in the original Spanish and in English translation.
Book Synopsis Admiral of the Ocean Sea by : Samuel Eliot Morison
Download or read book Admiral of the Ocean Sea written by Samuel Eliot Morison and published by Morison Press. This book was released on 2008-11 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1917 edition. Excerpt: ... (6) Columns for Discount on Purchases and Discount on Notes on the same side of the Cash Book; (c) Columns for Discount on Sales and Cash Sales on the debit side of the Cash Book; (d) Departmental columns in the Sales Book and in the Purchase Book. Controlling Accounts.--The addition of special columns in books of original entry makes possible the keeping of Controlling Accounts. The most common examples of such accounts are Accounts Receivable account and Accounts Payable account. These summary accounts, respectively, displace individual customers' and creditors' accounts in the Ledger. The customers' accounts are then segregated in another book called the Sales Ledger or Customers' Ledger, while the creditors' accounts are kept in the Purchase or Creditors' Ledger. The original Ledger, now much reduced in size, is called the General Ledger. The Trial Balance now refers to the accounts in the General Ledger. It is evident that the task of taking a Trial Balance is greatly simplified because so many fewer accounts are involved. A Schedule of Accounts Receivable is then prepared, consisting of the balances found in the Sales Ledger, and its total must agree with the balance of the Accounts Receivable account shown in the Trial Balance. A similar Schedule of Accounts Payable, made up of all the balances in the Purchase Ledger, is prepared, and it must agree with the balance of the Accounts Payable account of the General Ledger." The Balance Sheet.--In the more elementary part of the text, the student learned how to prepare a Statement of Assets and Liabilities for the purpose of disclosing the net capital of an enterprise. In the present chapter he was shown how to prepare a similar statement, the Balance Sheet. For all practical...
Book Synopsis The Legacy of Christopher Columbus in the Americas by : Elise Bartosik-Velez
Download or read book The Legacy of Christopher Columbus in the Americas written by Elise Bartosik-Velez and published by Vanderbilt University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is the capital of the United States named in part after Christopher Columbus, a Genoese explorer commissioned by Spain who never set foot on what would become the nation's mainland? Why did Spanish American nationalists in 1819 name a new independent republic "Colombia," after Columbus, the first representative of the empire from which they had recently broken free? These are only two of the introductory questions explored in The Legacy of Christopher Columbus in the Americas, a fundamental recasting of Columbus as an eminently powerful tool in imperial constructs. Bartosik-Velez seeks to explain the meaning of Christopher Columbus throughout the so-called New World, first in the British American colonies and the United States, as well as in Spanish America, during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. She argues that during the pre- and post-revolutionary periods, New World societies commonly imagined themselves as legitimate and powerful independent political entities by comparing themselves to the classical empires of Greece and Rome. Columbus, who had been construed as a figure of empire for centuries, fit perfectly into that framework. By adopting him as a national symbol, New World nationalists appeal to Old World notions of empire.
Book Synopsis Christopher Columbus by : Emma Carlson Berne
Download or read book Christopher Columbus written by Emma Carlson Berne and published by Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.. This book was released on 2008-08 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christopher Columbus and his crew had been sailing for five weeks into uncharted waters before finally reaching land one blazing hot day in 1492. It was a difficult journey that many predicted would be impossible, but Columbus proved them wrong and his voyage changed the world. Columbus had done it: he was the first man to reach the East by sailing west, and he was heralded as the Father of the New World. Columbus would take three more voyages to different places, but he remains best known as the pioneer who opened routes to the exploration and settlement of the Americas. Book jacket.
