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The Effects Of Ultrasound On The Kinetics Of Crystallization
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Book Synopsis The Effects of Ultrasound on the Kinetics of Crystallization by : Alexander P. Kapustin
Download or read book The Effects of Ultrasound on the Kinetics of Crystallization written by Alexander P. Kapustin and published by Springer. This book was released on 1963-09 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the important new research methods involves the use of ultrasonics during crystallization or dis solution. Ul trasound has become extensively used in many branches of science' and technology in recent years, as we may see from the number of papers' published. The total up to 1939 was about 700, but by 1960 it was well over 5000. Applications in physics, crystallography, chemistry, and so on provide a powerful means of discover ing new effects, although such studies tend to be very complicated and demand an acquaintance with a wide range of topics. The main effect of ultrasound on matter is to change the energy state considerably; an ultra 6 2 sound flux as low as 10 W/cm at 3 x 10 cis produces a pressure wave whose amplitude is 5 atm, while the 5 maximum acceleration may exceed 10 times that of gravity, the maximum particle speed being 40 m/sec and 2 the radiation pressure 1300 dynes/cm [I, 2]. 2 Recent ultrasonic emitters, even without focusing systems, can give steady fluxes up to 300 W/cm • The kinematic and dynamic parameters of ultrasonic fileds are such that they can cause effects at the level of atoms and molecules, quite apart from macroscopic effects.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Ultrasound on the Kinetics of Crystallization by : Alexander P Kapustin
Download or read book The Effects of Ultrasound on the Kinetics of Crystallization written by Alexander P Kapustin and published by . This book was released on 1963-09-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Ultrasound on the Kinetics of Crystallization by : Alexander P. Kapustin
Download or read book The Effects of Ultrasound on the Kinetics of Crystallization written by Alexander P. Kapustin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the important new research methods involves the use of ultrasonics during crystallization or dis solution. Ul trasound has become extensively used in many branches of science' and technology in recent years, as we may see from the number of papers' published. The total up to 1939 was about 700, but by 1960 it was well over 5000. Applications in physics, crystallography, chemistry, and so on provide a powerful means of discover ing new effects, although such studies tend to be very complicated and demand an acquaintance with a wide range of topics. The main effect of ultrasound on matter is to change the energy state considerably; an ultra 6 2 sound flux as low as 10 W/cm at 3 x 10 cis produces a pressure wave whose amplitude is 5 atm, while the 5 maximum acceleration may exceed 10 times that of gravity, the maximum particle speed being 40 m/sec and 2 the radiation pressure 1300 dynes/cm [I, 2]. 2 Recent ultrasonic emitters, even without focusing systems, can give steady fluxes up to 300 W/cm • The kinematic and dynamic parameters of ultrasonic fileds are such that they can cause effects at the level of atoms and molecules, quite apart from macroscopic effects.
Book Synopsis An Examination of Sonocrystallization Kinetics of L-glutamic Acid by : Siyi Jiang
Download or read book An Examination of Sonocrystallization Kinetics of L-glutamic Acid written by Siyi Jiang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The power ultrasound effects, the sonocrystallization kinetics and mechanism are investigated for cooling crystallization of l-glutamic acid (LGA) from aqueous solution. Sonocrystallization experiments involving slow and crash cooling have been undertaken for the metastable zone width and induction time measurement. LGA nucleation kinetics was extracted using Nývlt's method. The results revealed that application of ultrasound can effectively narrow the metastable zone width, significantly reducing the induction time, and accelerate the nucleation rate. The calculated critical nucleus size and interfacial tension suggested that ultrasound reduces the nucleation energy barrier to allow crystallization to occur readily. These effects became more obvious with the increase of ultrasound power. The pressure upon the collapsing cavitation bubble was calculated along with the nucleation rateunder the collapsing pressure. In order to identify the mechanism, an approach was developed in the literature for calculating the ultrasound-induced nuclei number which was employed to establish the inter-relationship between the cavitation number and nucleation event. Whilst the theoretical calculation did not fully match the experimental measurement, the total induced nuclei number was found to be proportional to the cavitation issue; therefore, it still provides a potentially credible mechanism for illustrating the sonocrystallization process. Studies on seeded crystal growth in the ultrasound field indicated that the effect of ultrasound irradiation on LGA growth depends on the supersaturation. The ultrasound increased the growth rate at low supersaturation, while it appeared to have no effect at high supersaturation. The corresponding growth mechanism is believed to be the 2-D nucleation growth. A population balance model was applied for the seeded growth process to predict the dynamic evolution of the particle size distributions that are validated by experimental measurements. The influence of operating conditions on LGA polymorphism was also studied. Investigation of the ultrasound effect on polymorphism suggested that ultrasound favours the precipitation of the stable [beta]-form by improving the surface nucleation of the [beta]-form and hence increasing the transformation rate. The analysis of the LGA crystals produced proved that the variation of ultrasonic power and insonation interval can be utilizedto manipulate the particle size distribution and crystal morphology.
Author :Malcolm J. W. Povey Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780751404296 Total Pages :300 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (42 download)
Book Synopsis Ultrasound in Food Processing by : Malcolm J. W. Povey
Download or read book Ultrasound in Food Processing written by Malcolm J. W. Povey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the future development of ultrasound in food processing, covering both High Power (material altering) and Low Power (non-destructive testing) applications. Leading work is presented for a non-expert audience, so that people in industry and academia can make informed decisions about future research and the adoption of ultrasound techniques. It will be of particular interest to food manufacturing personnel responsible for process development, engineering and research. It will be invaluable for scientists and technologists involved in active ultrasound research and instrument manufacture.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Ultrasonics on the Kinetics of Crystallization by : Aleksandr Pavlovich Kapustin
Download or read book The Effects of Ultrasonics on the Kinetics of Crystallization written by Aleksandr Pavlovich Kapustin and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crystallization of Organic Compounds by : Hsien-Hsin Tung
Download or read book Crystallization of Organic Compounds written by Hsien-Hsin Tung and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-06-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filled with industrial examples emphasizing the practical applications of crystallization methodologies Based on the authors' hands-on experiences as process engineers at Merck, Crystallization of Organic Compounds guides readers through the practical aspects of crystallization. It uses plenty of case studies and examples of crystallization processes, ranging from development through manufacturing scale-up. The book not only emphasizes strategies that have been proven successful, it also helps readers avoid common pitfalls that can render standard procedures unsuccessful. The goal of this text is twofold: Build a deeper understanding of the fundamental properties of crystallization as well as the impact of these properties on crystallization process development. Improve readers' problem-solving abilities by using actual industrial examples with real process constraints. Crystallization of Organic Compounds begins with detailed discussions of fundamental thermodynamic properties, nucleation and crystal growth kinetics, process dynamics, and scale-up considerations. Next, it investigates modes of operation, including cooling, evaporation, anti-solvent, and reactive crystallization. The authors conclude with special applications such as ultrasound in crystallization and computational fluid dynamics in crystallization. Most chapters feature multiple examples that guide readers step by step through the crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). With its focus on industrial applications, this book is recommended for chemical engineers and chemists who are involved with the development, scale-up, or operation of crystallization processes in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Industrial Crystallization by : Allan Myerson
Download or read book Handbook of Industrial Crystallization written by Allan Myerson and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2002-01-08 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallization is an important separation and purification process used in industries ranging from bulk commodity chemicals to specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals. In recent years, a number of environmental applications have also come to rely on crystallization in waste treatment and recycling processes.The authors provide an introduction to the field of newcomers and a reference to those involved in the various aspects of industrial crystallization. It is a complete volume covering all aspects of industrial crystallization, including material related to both fundamentals and applications. This new edition presents detailed material on crystallization of biomolecules, precipitation, impurity-crystal interactions, solubility, and design.Provides an ideal introduction for industrial crystallization newcomers Serves as a worthwhile reference to anyone involved in the fieldCovers all aspects of industrial crystallization in a single, complete volume
Book Synopsis Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound by : Dong Chen
Download or read book Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound written by Dong Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-07-26 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic irradiation and the associated sonochemical and sonophysical effects are complementary techniques for driving more efficient chemical reactions and yields. Sonochemistry—the chemical effects and applications of ultrasonic waves—and sustainable (green) chemistry both aim to use less hazardous chemicals and solvents, reduce energy consumption, and increase product selectivity. A comprehensive collection of knowledge, Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound covers the most relevant aspects linked to and linking green chemistry practices to environmental sustainability through the uses and applications of ultrasound-mediated and ultrasound-assisted biological, biochemical, chemical, and physical processes. Chapters are presented in the areas of: Medical applications Drug and gene delivery Nanotechnology Food technology Synthetic applications and organic chemistry Anaerobic digestion Environmental contaminants degradation Polymer chemistry Industrial syntheses and processes Reactor design Electrochemical systems Combined ultrasound−microwave technologies While the concepts of sonochemistry have been known for more than 80 years, in-depth understanding of this phenomenon continues to evolve. Through a review of the current status of chemical and physical science and engineering in developing more environmentally friendly and less toxic synthetic processes, this book highlights many existing applications and the enormous potential of ultrasound technology to upgrade present industrial, agricultural, and environmental processes.
Book Synopsis Ultrasound Technologies for Food and Bioprocessing by : Hao Feng
Download or read book Ultrasound Technologies for Food and Bioprocessing written by Hao Feng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-17 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional food and bioprocessing technologies are facing challenges due to high expectation from the consumers and producers for better quality and safety, higher process efficiency, and products with novel properties or functionalities. For this reason, in the last few years new forms of physical energies have been explored to propose alternatives to traditional processing technologies. Acoustic energy has the potential to replace or partially substitute conventional processes, and at the same time offer unique opportunities in the characterization of foods and biomaterials. This book is a resource for experts and newcomers in the field of power ultrasound, gives insights into the physical principles of this technology, details the latest advancements, and links them to current and potential applications in the food and bioprocessing related industries.
Book Synopsis Crystallization by : Wolfgang Beckmann
Download or read book Crystallization written by Wolfgang Beckmann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-14 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallization is a natural occurring process but also a process abundantly used in the industry. Crystallization can occur from a solution, from the melt or via deposition of material from the gas phase (desublimation). Crystals distinguish themself from liquids, gases and amorphous substances by the long-range order of its building blocks that entail the crystals to be formed of well-defined faces, and give rise to a large number of properties of the solid. Crystallization is used at some stage in nearly all process industries as a method of production, purification or recovery of solid materials. Crystallization is practiced on all scales: from the isolation of the first milligrams of a newly synthesized substance in the research laboratory to isolating products on the mulit-million tonne scale in industry. The book describes the breadth of crystallization operations, from isolation from a reaction broth to purification and finally to tailoring product properties. In the first section of the book, the basic mechanisms - nucleation, growth, attrition and agglomeration are introduced. It ensures an understanding of supersaturation, the driving force of crystallization. Furthermore, the solubility of the substance and its dependences on process conditions and the various techniques of crystallization and their possibilities and limitations are discussed. Last but not least, the first part includes an intensive treatment of polymorphism . The second part builds on the basics, exploring how crystallization processes can be developed, either batch-wise or continuous, from solution or from the melt. A discussion of the purification during crystallization serves as a link between the two sections, where practical aspects and an insight using theoretical concepts are combined. Mixing and its influence on the crystallization as well as the mutual interference of down-stream processes with the crystallization are also treated. Finally, techniques to characterize the crop are discussed. The third part of the book is dedicated to accounts of actual developments and of carried-out crystallizations. Typical pitfalls and strategies to avoid these as well as the design of robust processes are presented.
Book Synopsis Crystallization of Lipids by : Kiyotaka Sato
Download or read book Crystallization of Lipids written by Kiyotaka Sato and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative reference that contains the most up-to-date information knowledge, approaches, and applications of lipid crystals Crystallization of Lipids is a comprehensive resource that offers the most current and emerging knowledge, techniques and applications of lipid crystals. With contributions from noted experts in the field, the text covers the basic research of polymorphic structures, molecular interactions, nucleation and crystal growth and crystal network formation of lipid crystals which comprise main functional materials employed in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. The authors highlight trans-fat alternative and saturated-fat reduction technology to lipid crystallization. These two issues are the most significant challenges in the edible-application technology of lipids, and a key solution is lipid crystallization. The text focuses on the crystallization processes of lipids under various external influences of thermal fluctuation, ultrasound irradiation, shear, emulsification and additives. Designed to be practical, the book’s information can be applied to realistic applications of lipids to foods, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals. This authoritative and up-to-date guide: Highlights cutting-edge research tools designed to help analyse lipid crystallization with the most current and the conventional techniques Offers a thorough review of the information, techniques and applications of lipid crystals Includes contributions from noted experts in the field of lipid crystals Presents cutting-edge information on the topics of trans-fat alterative and saturated-fat reduction technology Written for research and development technologists as well as academics, this important resource contains research on lipid crystals which comprise the main functional materials employed in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.
Book Synopsis Industrial Crystallization by : J. Mullin
Download or read book Industrial Crystallization written by J. Mullin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Crystallization Symposia have been organized by the Crystallization Research Group at the Czechoslovak Research Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Usti nad Labem, since 1960. Over the years, the increasing popularity of the unit operation of crystallization has been clearly demonstrated by the steady increase in numbers of both the papers presented and the attendances at the meetings. The 6th Symposium (1-3 September 1975) was organized jointly with the European Federation of Chemical Engineering Working Party on Crystallization, and the 44 papers presented were arranged into four sessions - A: Secondary Nucleation, B: Crystal Growth Kinetics, C: Crystal Habit Modification, D: Crystallizer Design, E: Indus trial Crystallizer Operation and Case Studies. The same groupings are preserved in this edited version of the proceedings. This is the first time that the Industrial Crystallization Symposium papers have appeared in one volume. After the 5th (1972) Symposium, authors we.re encouraged to submit their papers to an international journal specializing in crystallization. However, the results were not altogether satisfactory in that less than one third of the papers presented at the meeting were offered for consideration. This time, therefore, the organizing committee decided to attempt to keep the papers together by making arrangements for their pUblication by Plenum Press.
Book Synopsis Analytical Applications of Ultrasound by : F. Priego Capote
Download or read book Analytical Applications of Ultrasound written by F. Priego Capote and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-02-14 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasound is an energy source that has the potential for enhancing many stages of experimental analysis, but analytical chemists generally have limited knowledge of this technique. Analytical Applications of Ultrasound lays the foundations for practicing analytical chemists to consider ways of exploiting ultrasound energy in their research. This timely and unique book covers a broad range of information about ultrasound, providing advances in ultrasound equipment and demonstrations of how this energy has been used to enhance various steps of analysis. Given the limited literature on analytical applications of ultrasound, the authors provide information from other sources that suggest ways in which we can use it in the analytical laboratory. The authors discuss the principles of ultrasound and the variables we must consider in adapting ultrasound to different problems.* Presents an up-to-date, balanced description of the potential of Ultrasound within Analytical Chemistry* Discusses ultrasound-based detection techniques in a systematic manner* Provides an overview of potential applications of ultrasound in a variety of different fields
Book Synopsis Crystallization Technology Handbook by : A. Mersmann
Download or read book Crystallization Technology Handbook written by A. Mersmann and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-05-08 with total page 847 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook seeks to facilitate the selection, design and operation of large-scale industrial crystallizers that process crystals with the proper size distribution, shape and purity sought. This second edition offers results on direct-contact cooling crystallization.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Continuous Crystallization by : Nima Yazdanpanah
Download or read book The Handbook of Continuous Crystallization written by Nima Yazdanpanah and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuous crystallization is an area of intense research, with particular respect to the pharmaceutical industry and fine chemicals. Improvements in continuous crystallization technologies offer chemical industries significant financial gains, through reduced expenditure and operational costs, and consistent product quality. Written by well-known leaders in the field, The Handbook of Continuous Crystallization presents fundamental and applied knowledge, with attention paid to application and scaling up, and the burgeoning area of process intensification. Beginning with concepts around crystallization techniques and control strategies, the reader will learn about experimental methods and computational tools. Case studies spanning fine and bulk chemicals, the pharmaceutical industry, and employing new mathematical tools, put theory into context.
Book Synopsis Modeling of Process Intensification by : Frerich J. Keil
Download or read book Modeling of Process Intensification written by Frerich J. Keil and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-06-27 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining the knowledge involved in process engineering and process modeling, this is the first book to cover all modeling methods applicable to process intensification. Both the editors and authors are renowned experts from industry and academia in the various fields of process modeling and integrated chemical processes. Following an introduction to the topic, the book goes on to look at equipment and operational methods, monolithic catalysis, HEX, micro- and reverse flow reactors, catalytic and reactive distillation, the simulated-moving bed and vibration bubble column as well as ultrasound and ultrasonic reactors. A final chapter is devoted to processes under supercritical conditions. In its treatment of hot topics of multidisciplinary interest, this book is of great value to researchers and engineers alike.
