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The Effect Of Ply Thickness On Delamination Of Advanced Composites
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Book Synopsis The Effect of Ply Thickness on Delamination of Advanced Composites by : John C. Brewer
Download or read book The Effect of Ply Thickness on Delamination of Advanced Composites written by John C. Brewer and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of ply and laminate thickness on the fracture of graphite/epoxy due to delamination was investigated. Four laminate types were tested: [±15na]s, [±l5n/0n]s', [0n/±l5n]s' and [±45n/0/n]s. "Effective ply thickness" was varied by stacking several plies of the same orientation together. It was found that an increase in effective ply thickness caused a decrease in fracture stress due to delamination in all cases. It was also found that the thickness dependence is not merely a laminate thickness dependence. "Back-to-back" [0/±15]s-type laminates (i.e. [[O/±15]s]2 and [[O/±15]s]3 laminates) were found to have the same strength as [0/±15]s laminates.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Ply Thickness on Longitudinal Splitting and Delamination in Graphite/epoxy Under Compressive Cyclic Load by : Paul A. Lagace
Download or read book The Effect of Ply Thickness on Longitudinal Splitting and Delamination in Graphite/epoxy Under Compressive Cyclic Load written by Paul A. Lagace and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The initiation and growth of damage due to compressive cyclic loading was investigated in [±45n/0/n ]s graphite/epoxy laminates where the "effective ply thickness" was varied by allowing n to take on the values 1, 2, and 3. A total of thirty-five axially-loaded sandwich specimens with 6.35 mm diameter holes were cycled at 7 Hz at peak stress levels of 52% to 72% of the static ultimate compressive stress of 425 MPa (which was experimentally determined to be independent of the value of n). Out-of-plane moire interferometry and pulse-echo ultrasound techniques were used to nondestructively inspect the specimens and showed that three distinct modes of damage growth occur in these laminates. Delamination which initiates at the hole and grows in a radial or transverse fashion occurred only in 60% of the [±45/0]s specimens. For these two types of damage, the growth was rapid and led to catastrophic failure of the specimen. The remainder of the [±45/0]s specimens and all the laminates where the effective ply thickness was doubled and tripled, [±45 2/02]s and [± 45 3/03]s, exhibited delaminations which initiated at the hole edges and grew parallel to the load direction with the width of the delamination equal to the width of the hole. Catastrophic failure did not occur in these cases. There is a linear relationship between the delamination length and the logarithm of the number of applied load cycles in all these cases. However, the delamination initiated earlier and at lower stress levels for laminates with larger effective ply thicknesses. Specimen sectioning and microscopic examination shows that this damage depends on the development of splitting in the 0° plies and subsequent delamination as a result of shear failure at the -45°/0° ply interface in the region between the splits. Several [0/±45]s and [02/±45 2]s coupon specimens were cycled in tension and this splitting and subsequent delamination also developed. Residual tensile strength tests conducted on graphite/epoxy coupons debonded from the honeycomb after cycling showed a 50% increase in tensile strength over undamaged specimens with 6.35 mm diameter holes. This is attributed to the redistribution of stress around the hole due to the relieving of stress concentration in the 0° plies by the splitting and delamination.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Ply Thickness on the Free Edge Delamination of Graphite/epoxy Laminates by : John Charles Brewer
Download or read book The Effect of Ply Thickness on the Free Edge Delamination of Graphite/epoxy Laminates written by John Charles Brewer and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The initiation of delamination in graphite/epoxy laminates was investigated both analytically and experimentally and the effect of effective ply thickness on this phenomenon assessed. Three different laminate families were investigated: [±15n]s,[±15n/0n]s, and [0n/±15n]s, with the normalized effective ply thickness, n, varying from 1 to 5. Delamination initiation was detected using the load drop technique in conjunction with edge replication. Initiation was determined to have occurred when a load drop was detected and a delamination initiation was confirmed on the replication of the specimen edge. Two different analytical techniques were used t-o correlate the measured delamination initiation stresses: the previously proposed strain energy release rate approach and the Quadratic Delamination Criterion which is introduced herein. The strain energy release rate approach was unable to accurately correlate the data for two of the three laminate families as the data clearly showed that the critical value of strain energy release rate is significantly dependent on the effective ply thickness. The Quadratic Delamination Criterion, an average stress criterion which involves the comparison of the calculated interlaminar normal stress and interlaminar shear stress ([sigma]1z) to their related strength parameters, is proposed and shows excellent correlation with the delamination initiation stress data.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Ply Thickness on the Initiation and Growth of Delamination in Graphite/epoxy Laminates with Holes Under Compressive Cyclic Loading by : Stephen C. Nolet
Download or read book The Effect of Ply Thickness on the Initiation and Growth of Delamination in Graphite/epoxy Laminates with Holes Under Compressive Cyclic Loading written by Stephen C. Nolet and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of "effective ply thickness" on initiation and growth of damage in [+-45xn/0xn]s (qhwew n=1,2, and 3) graphite/epoxy laminates with 6.35 mm holes under compressive cyclic loading has been investigated. Static and cyclic compressive testing was done on axially loaded sandwich specimens. Out-of-plane Moire interferometry and pulse-echo ultrasonic inspection was used to monitor cyclic test specimens for delamination damage. The compressive static tests on the [+-45xn/Oxns sandwich specimens showed no "effective ply thickness" dependence on the compressive fracture stress of 423 MPa. Cyclic tests on the [+-45/0]s specimens showed three different types of damage development for the same applied peak stress: one, a damage mode that led to immediate transverse failure; two, delamination that initiated at the hole edge and grew radially from the hole; and three, a delamination that initiated at the top and bottom of the hole and grew longitudinally within the width of the hole. However, all the [+-45x2/0x2]s and [+-45x3/0x3]s laminates developed only the longitudinal delamination type of damage. The growth of longitudinal delamination was found to be a linear function of the logarithm of the number of applied load cycles. This damage initiates earlier as the "effective ply thickness" and/or peak cyclic stress increases. Furthermore, the growth rate increases with "effective ply thickness." Longitudinal delamination develops due to splitting in the 0° plies of the laminate and subsequent shear failure of the -45°/0° interface between the 0 splits. This mode of damage was also observed in two tensile cyclic tests. results of residual strength testing showed that laminates with longitudinal delamination had an average residual tensile stress of 640 MPa. This is approximate a 50% increase over the ultimate tensile stress of 455 MPa determined from static tensile tests on six coupons and eight sandwich specimens (uncycled) of the [+-45/0]s laminate.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Thickness on Interlaminar Stresses and Delamination by : Paul A. Lagace
Download or read book The Effect of Thickness on Interlaminar Stresses and Delamination written by Paul A. Lagace and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of ply and laminate thickness on the fracture of graphite/epoxy laminates induced by delamination was investigated. Five laminate types were manufactured from ASl/3501-6 graphite/epoxy and tested:[±15n]s', [±15n/0n]s', [0n/±15n]s', [±45n/0n]s' and [0n/±15]s]n'. "Effective ply thickness" was varied by stacking several plies of the same angular orientation together. It was found that an increase in effective ply thickness caused a decrease in fracture stress resulting from delamination in all cases. Interlaminar stress calculations indicate that this results from the fact that the region of high interlaminar stresses increases as the effective ply thickness increases. These calculations also suggest that interlaminar shear stresses are at least as important in causing delamination as interlaminar normal stresses. "Back-to-back" [0n/±15]s]n'. laminates were found to have the same strength for values of n from one to three. This indicates that reductions in strength are not simply a laminate thickness phenomenon but are related to the effective ply thickness.
Book Synopsis Mixed-mode Strain-energy-release Rate Effects on Edge Delamination of Composites by : Kevin T. O'Brien
Download or read book Mixed-mode Strain-energy-release Rate Effects on Edge Delamination of Composites written by Kevin T. O'Brien and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Delamination in Composites--is Toughness the Key? by : Paul A. Lagace
Download or read book Delamination in Composites--is Toughness the Key? written by Paul A. Lagace and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Delamination in Advanced Composites by : Golam Newaz
Download or read book Delamination in Advanced Composites written by Golam Newaz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-02-22 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Numerical Modelling of Failure in Advanced Composite Materials by : Pedro P. Camanho
Download or read book Numerical Modelling of Failure in Advanced Composite Materials written by Pedro P. Camanho and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-07 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical Modelling of Failure in Advanced Composite Materials comprehensively examines the most recent analysis techniques for advanced composite materials. Advanced composite materials are becoming increasingly important for lightweight design in aerospace, wind energy, and mechanical and civil engineering. Essential for exploiting their potential is the ability to reliably predict their mechanical behaviour, particularly the onset and propagation of failure. Part One investigates numerical modeling approaches to interlaminar failure in advanced composite materials. Part Two considers numerical modelling approaches to intralaminar failure. Part Three presents new and emerging advanced numerical algorithms for modeling and simulation of failure. Part Four closes by examining the various engineering and scientific applications of numerical modeling for analysis of failure in advanced composite materials, such as prediction of impact damage, failure in textile composites, and fracture behavior in through-thickness reinforced laminates. Examines the most recent analysis models for advanced composite materials in a coherent and comprehensive manner Investigates numerical modelling approaches to interlaminar failure and intralaminar failure in advanced composite materials Reviews advanced numerical algorithms for modeling and simulation of failure Examines various engineering and scientific applications of numerical modelling for analysis of failure in advanced composite materials
Book Synopsis Effect of Ply Thickness on the Damage Development in Composite Laminates (Preprint). by :
Download or read book Effect of Ply Thickness on the Damage Development in Composite Laminates (Preprint). written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the experimental investigation on the effect of ply thickness on the first ply failure, delamination, and the subsequent final failure of graphite/epoxy composite laminates. The laminates considered in this paper are a cross-ply and two quasi-isotropic laminates containing thin plies in the desired interface. The onset of the first ply failure and delamination, and the stress-free temperature are experimentally determined. The experimental results for ply crack and delamination development were compared with an analytical model. The results indicated that ply thickness played a significant role on delaying damage onset. The experimental results were compared with the Weibull statistical theory in conjunction with the weakest link theory and discussed on the effect of size (ply thickness) on damage initiation.
Book Synopsis Damage Tolerance in Advanced Composites by : Robert L. Sierakowski
Download or read book Damage Tolerance in Advanced Composites written by Robert L. Sierakowski and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This recent book provides a detailed presentation of damage tolerance assessment and characterization methods for advanced composites, as well as an examination of the role of damage tolerance in the design of composites. Included are analytical models for different types of damage in different composite materials. Tables provide helpful reference
Book Synopsis Analysis of Interlaminar Stresses in Thick Composite Laminates with and Without Edge Delamination by :
Download or read book Analysis of Interlaminar Stresses in Thick Composite Laminates with and Without Edge Delamination written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Delamination Behaviour of Composites by : Srinivasan Sridharan
Download or read book Delamination Behaviour of Composites written by Srinivasan Sridharan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-10-21 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given such advantages as low weight compared to strength and toughness, laminated composites are now used in a wide range of applications. Their increasing use has underlined the need to understand their principal mode of failure, delamination. This important book reviews key research in understanding and preventing delamination. The first part of the book reviews general issues such as the role of fracture mechanics in understanding delamination, design issues and ways of testing delamination resistance. Part two describes techniques for detecting and characterising delamination such as piezoelectric sensors, the use of lamb waves and acoustic emission techniques. The next two sections of the book discuss ways of studying and modelling delamination behaviour. The final part of the book reviews research on delamination behaviour in particular conditions such as shell and sandwich structures, z-pin bridging and resin bonding. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Delamination behaviour of composites is a standard reference for all those researching laminated composites and using them in such diverse applications as microelectronics, aerospace, marine, automotive and civil engineering. Reviews the role of fracture mechanics in understanding delamination, design issues and ways of testing delamination resistance Discuss ways of studying and modelling delamination behaviour A standard reference for all those researching laminated composites
Book Synopsis Defects and Damage in Composite Materials and Structures by : Rikard Benton Heslehurst
Download or read book Defects and Damage in Composite Materials and Structures written by Rikard Benton Heslehurst and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advantages of composite materials include a high specific strength and stiffness, formability, and a comparative resistance to fatigue cracking and corrosion. However, not forsaking these advantages, composite materials are prone to a wide range of defects and damage that can significantly reduce the residual strength and stiffness of a structure or result in unfavorable load paths. Emphasizing defect identification and restitution, Defects and Damage in Composite Materials and Structures explains how defects and damage in composite materials and structures impact composite component performance. Providing ready access to an extensive, descriptive list of defects and damage types, this must-have reference: Examines defect criticality in composite structures Recommends repair actions to restore structural integrity Discusses failure modes and mechanisms of composites due to defects Reviews NDI processes for finding and identifying defects in composite materials Relating defect detection methods to defect type, the author merges his experience in the field of in-service activities for composite airframe maintenance and repair with indispensable reports and articles on defects and damage in advanced composite materials from the last 50 years.
Book Synopsis Studies of Delamination Growth and Final Failure Under Tensile Loading by : Paul A. Lagace
Download or read book Studies of Delamination Growth and Final Failure Under Tensile Loading written by Paul A. Lagace and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments were performed to investigate the mechanisms of delamination initiation, growth, and subsequent final failure. Specimens laminated from both Hercules AS4/3501-6 unidirectional graphite/epoxy tape and Hercules A370-5H/3501-6 woven graphite/epoxy fabric were tested to isolate the influence of interlaminar normal stress ([sigma]zz ) and thermally-induced interlaminar stresses on delamination initiation. The data was successfully correlated using the Quadratic Delamination Criterion and indicated that thermally-induced interlaminar stresses can cause delamination initiation without the application of mechanical load. Graphite/epoxy specimens in a [0n ±15 n]1 (n = 1 to 5) configuration and in a [ ±153]s configuration (specimen widths 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, and 70 mm) were used to evaluate the effects of effective ply thickness and specimen width on delamination growth and final failure. These specimens were loaded beyond delamination initiation in increments of up to 25 MPa until final failure. Delaminated area was determined via dye penetrant-enhanced x-radiography. The results showed that growth of sufficient size to be detected by the x-radiography is delayed until the onset of transverse cracking in the angled plies. These cracks always occur at the tips of the edge delamination. The delamination front then advances with the tip of the transverse crack and extends between the tip of the crack and the free edge. This emphasizes the importance of the interaction of in-plane and out-of-plane damage modes leading to final failure. A thickness effect on growth and final failure similar to that seen for delamination initiation in earlier work was observed. There was no specimen width dependence of the stress at which significant stable growth first appeared or of the final failure stress.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Delamination on the Response of Advanced Composite Laminates by : John Joseph Tracy
Download or read book The Effect of Delamination on the Response of Advanced Composite Laminates written by John Joseph Tracy and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Combined Effect of Matrix Cracking and Stress-free Edge on Delamination by : Satish Annaji Salpekar
Download or read book Combined Effect of Matrix Cracking and Stress-free Edge on Delamination written by Satish Annaji Salpekar and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1990 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
